RESOURCES
The WWW connects you to many sources
of information related to hydrothermal vents, oceanography, expeditions
and accompanying educational material. Searching the WWW for all these
resources can be a complex voyage in itself. Provided here are links to
some highly informative sites which in turn will link you to other avenues
of exploration. Enjoy your journey!
NOAA Vents Program:
http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/eoi/
Part of NOAA's Pacific
Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL), dedicated to researching and
understanding hydrothermal venting processes. Since 1991, Vents
Acoustics/Geophysics Program has been using undersea hydrophones (in
partnership with the U.S. Navy) to detect undersea eruptions on the section
of the mid-ocean ridge off the northwest coast of North America in real
time. The Vents Program collects, analyzes, and archives historical and
time-series data of the NeMO site since 1984.
National Undersea Research
Program (NURP):
http://www.westnurc.uaf.edu/
The West Coast center of NURP funds research expeditions (such as NeMO)
using submersibles such as the ROPOS ROV used in this project.
National Sea Grant Office:
http://www.seagrant.noaa.gov/
Sea Grant is a partnership between universities and NOAA focused on making
the United States the world leader in marine research and the sustainable
development of marine resources.
National Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada:
http://www.nserc.ca
Canada's NSERC supports science and technology through university research
grants as well as partnerships between industry and universities. Much
of the ROV ROPOS technology has been
sponsored by NSERC.
Hatfield Marine Science
Center:
http://www.hmsc.orst.edu
Oregon State University's Hatfield Marine
Science Center (HMSC) provides many facilities including the the Oregon
branch of the NOAA EOI Program, a public aquarium and outreach center,
docking pier for major research vessels and educational programs dedicated
to furthering K-12 science teaching.
RIDGE Program
http://www.ridge2000.org/
The scientists working with the Ridge program at the Oregon State University,
seek to understand the geophysical, geochemical, and geobiological causes
and consequences of the energy transfer within the global rift system
through time. Their site includes a bibliography and descriptions of their
research projects. RIDGE coordinates the Seafloor
Observatory on the Juan de Fuca mid-ocean ridge where NeMO is located.
Woods Hole Oceanographic
Institution
http://www.whoi.edu/
This site features information on the scientific research and educational
projects being conducted at Woods Hole. Check out the animation and video
gallery to see the submersible Alvin
in motion.
Scripps Institution of
Oceanography
http://sio.ucsd.edu/
Part of the University of California at San Diego, Scripps offers a graduate
program leading to doctorates in oceanography. Some of their research
focuses on global warming and long-term climate change. The site includes
information about careers
in oceanography as well as access to the photo archives and the SIO
library.
Monterey Bay Aquarium Research
Institute
http://www.mbari.org
MBARI is a private oceanographic center developing state-of-the-art equipment,
instrumentation, systems and methods of scientific research in the deep
waters of the world. MBARI uses ROV's
and research vessels almost daily in the Monterey Canyon as well as
oceans around the world.
University of Washington
College of Ocean and Fishery Sciences
http://fish.washington.edu/
UW offers undergraduate and graduate degree programs in oceanography.
Faculty and students participate in hydrothermal venting research around
the world's oceans. UW operates the research vessel Thomas
Thompson which has participated in many deep-sea vent research expeditions
including the recent capture of intact hydrothermal vents for display
and study at the American
Museum of Natural History.
University of Hawaii School
of Ocean & Earth Science & Technology
http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/
SOEST is a multidisciplinary school conducting research and teaching in
the oceanographic sciences. SOEST maintains realtime observatory of an
active seamount, Loihi, under the Hawaii Undersea Geo-Overvatory project
(HUGO).
Western Washington University:
http://www.wwu.edu/
Scientists Craig Moyer and Karen Pelletreau are aboard Ron Brown participating
in studies of microbiology.
IFREMER
http://www.ifremer.fr/anglais/
Web site of IFREMER, the French oceanographic institution. The organization
focuses on all aspects of oceanography, from geology to biology, as well
as maintenance and design of research vessels like the submersible Nautile.
The introductory page offers links to other oceanographic servers.
Shirshov Institute
http://www.ocean.ru/eng/
The Shirshov Institute of Oceanology's mission is to investigate the theoretical
problems of oceanology. The site contains an extensive image database,
including photographs of hydrothermal fields, as well as detailed information
on the submersibles MIR-1
and MIR-2 (featured in the recent movie Titanic).
Harbor Branch Oceanographic
Institution
http://www.fau.edu/hboi/
Harbor Branch is a marine research laboratory in Florida focusing on the
oceans, local coastlines, and estuaries. Check out the search tool to
find information on sea life as well as research vessels like the Johnson
Sea-Link.
The Oceans Chimneys --
Hydrothermal Vents
http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/webprojects1997/AlexandraG/Welcome.htm
This informative site describes hydrothermal vents, where they are located,
and why they are important. It features great images of the vents and
links to other vent sites.
The Hot Water Vent
http://www.microsoft.com/education/msbocean.mspx
A teacher's guide to activities that teach children the scientific concepts
behind hydrothermal vents.
Fisher Deep Sea Laboratory
http://bio.psu.edu/directory/crf2
Homepage of Professor Chuck Fisher, a scientist at Penn State University
who is studying the biology and ecology of hydrothermal vents. Follow
the web tour of ongoing research at the cold seeps in the Gulf of Mexico.
Research
Cruises in the News
Dive and Discover
http://www.divediscover.whoi.edu/
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute's multi-cruise website of deep-sea
research expeditions. Join scientists as they dive to the mid-ocean ridge
thousands of meters deep. Excellent site, updated with each new expedition.
Voyage to the Deep
http://www.ocean.udel.edu/deepsea/home/home.html
University of Delaware's January 2000 Alvin submersible expedition to
the Sea of Cortes, Mexico. Exploration of hydrothermal vents.
Hess Deep Expedition
http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/hessdeep/hessoverview.html
Exploration of a Grand Canyon-sized chasm, the Hess Deep, aboard the R/V
Atlantis using the submersible Alvin. Sponsored by NSF and led by scientists
from Duke University, March 1999.
Voyage to Puna Ridge
http://www.punaridge.org/
An international team of scientists on a 36-day ocean voyage to Hawaii's
most spectacular volcano, September-October 1998. Sponsored by the National
Science Foundation, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute and Hawaii Department
of Education.
NOVA: Into the Abyss
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/abyss/
PBS NOVA special, "Into the Abyss" site chronicalling the capture of black
smokers on a July 1998 research expedition aboard the Thomas Thompson.
Collaborators with the American
Museum of Natural History and the REVEL
project.
American Museum of Natural
History Expedition Online
http://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/permanent-exhibitions/rose-center-for-earth-and-space/david-s.-and-ruth-l.-gottesman-hall-of-planet-earth/why-is-the-earth-habitable/life-that-lives-off-the-earth-s-energy/life-at-the-hydrothermal-vents/ancient-black-smokers/black-smoker
The American Museum has a beautifully illustrated, highly interactive
Web site that puts the mission to capture hydrothermal vents into context
for the general reader. Collaborators with NOVA's "Into
the Abyss" and the REVEL project.
Vents Geology Program Instrumentation
Page
http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/eoi/geology/methods.html
Description of instrumentation and methods used to conduct deepsea geologic
research. Includes information on submersibles, camera systems, sidescan
sonars and mapping.
Vents Chemistry Program
Instrumentation
http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/eoi/PlumeStudies/Methods/CTD/Methods3.html
CTD instrument description used to study water column plumes.
http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/eoi/chemocean.html
Description of the SUAVE system used to measure hydrothermal vent chemistry
as well as hydrothermal plumes.
Research Vessels
NOAA Fleet
http://www.nc.noaa.gov/fleet.html
UNOLS Fleet - University-National
Oceanographic Laboratory Systems
http://www.gso.uri.edu/unols/unols.html
Includes WHOI, SIO, UW and other university operated research vessels
Deepsea Research Submersibles
ALVIN
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute
Nautile
IFREMER, French oceanographic institution
MIR
Russia's Shirshov Institute of Oceanography
Shinkai
Japan's JAMSTEC oceanographic center
Remotely Operated Vehicles
ROPOS
The Canadian Scientific Submersible Facility
Jason/Medea
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute
(all WHOI ROV's: WHOI
ROVs)
Ventana/Tiburon
Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute
Education
See "Research
Cruises" above for additional educational resources.
Northwest Aquatic and
Marine Educators (NAME)
http://www.pacname.org/
NAME is a chapter of the National Marine Educators Association (NMEA)
which provides information to educators on marine issues, opportunities
and professional development. Great
web site listing for the Pacific coast.
Voyage to Puna Ridge
http://www.punaridge.org/
An international team of scientists on a 36-day ocean voyage to Hawaii's
most spectacular volcano, September-October 1998. Sponsored by the National
Science Foundation, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute and Hawaii Department
of Education. Includes learning activities directed by the Hawaii E-School
teacher-on-board.
University of Washington
"REVEL Project"
http://www.ocean.washington.edu/outreach/revel
University of Washington's REVEL Web site focuses on the at-sea experiences
during the 1997 and 1998 research cruises by the science teachers REVEL
sponsored aboard the research expeditions. 1998's trip recovered hydrothermal
vents for display at the American Museum of Natural History. REVEL provides
teachers (primarily from the Northwest) the opportunity to participate
at sea on a research cruise.
The Bridge - Ocean Sciences
Education Teacher Resource Center
http://www.vims.edu/bridge/
Virginia Institute of Marine Science's collection of educational resources
online. Sponsored by the National Marine Educators Association and Sea
Grant.
SeaWiFS Project
http://seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEAWIFS/LIVING_OCEAN/
LIVING_OCEAN.html
NASA's Living Ocean SeaWiFS Project studying the ocean color from space.
Includes teacher's guide with activities primarily for grades 9-10.
Earth and Sea Investigators
Network
http://www.ode.state.or.us/teachlearn/subjects/science/curriculum/edresources/historical/
Oregon Department of Education's program providing science material for
the K-12 classroom. Includes the Landscape
Undersea material and piloting an undersea submersible online.
Earthquakes Study Guide
http://www.gcn.ou.edu/~jahern/v&e/
From the Volcanoes & Earthquakes home page of Ohio University's Geology
1003 course. Within the study guide are sections on
Subduction Zone Earthquakes and the
Development of Plate Tectonic Theory and many other topics.
Virtual Earthquake
http://gcmd.nasa.gov/records/Virtual_Earthquake-00.html
Virtual Earthquake is an interactive computer program designed to introduce
you to the concepts of how an earhtquake epicenter is located and how
the Richter magnitude of an earthquake is determined.
Learning Web
http://www.usgs.gov/education/index.html
The Learning Webfrom the USGS Educational Outreach dedicated to K-12 education,
exploration and life-long learning. Sections on biology, geology, hydrology
and geography.
Plate Motion Calculator
http://sps.unavco.org/crustal_motion/dxdt/model/
Determines the velocity and motion direction between a pair of plates.
Washington, Oregon & California
EEZ sonar imagery
http://coastalmap.marine.usgs.gov/gloria/
From the USGS, side-scan images of the offshore regions.
Plate Tectonics, the cause
of earthquakes
http://www.seismo.unr.edu/ftp/pub/louie/class/100/plate-tectonics.html
Site from University of Nevada's Professor John Louie. Also some more
in depth courses on line at
http://www.seismo.unr.edu/ftp/pub/louie/.
Juan de Fuca Ridge and
Black Smokers
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/abyss/
PBS NOVA special, "into the Abyss" site chronicalling the capture of black
smokers on a July 1998 research expedition aboard the Thomas Thompson.
NOAA Teacher at Sea Program
http://teacheratsea.noaa.gov/
NOAA sponsored program to give teachers (K-16) the opportunity to participate
in scientific research aboard NOAA ships.
WHOI's K-12 Resources
http://www.whoi.edu/main/k-12
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution's compilation of K-12 WWW resources
about oceanography.
Under the Oregon Coast:
Underseas Adventure
http://www.teleport.com/~samc/seas/deep4.html
Sam Churchill's information on various undersea research projects with
an emphasis on the Oregon Coast. A lot of information appropriate for
the secondary school levels and great links to other sites.
University of Alaska Sea
Grant's Virtual Alvin Tour
http://www.uaf.edu/seagrant/alvin/specialed.html
A special edition from Sea Grant's graphic artist, Dave Brenner, documenting
his experience on an Alvin dive through virutal image gallery.
Careers in Oceanography,
Marine Science and Marine Biology
http://libraries.ucsd.edu/locations/sio/guide/career.html
Scripps Institution of Oceanography Libary's compilation on resources
for marine-related careers.
Deep Atlantic: Life,
Death, and Exploration in the Abyss
by Richard Ellis
Alfred A. Knopf, 1996
Striking, "I-can't-believe-it's-real"
drawings of deep-sea creatures illustrate this thoroughly researched look
at life in the Atlantic abyss.
The Universe Below
by William J. Broad
Simon & Schuster, 1997
A highly readable
narrative of the latest in deep-sea research, including a chapter on
John Delaney, by the award-winning New York Times reporter.
Deep Sea Biology: A
Natural History of Organisms at the Deep Sea Floor
by John D. Gage and Paul A. Tyler
Cambridge University Press, 1991
The final scientific
word on tubeworms and other vent fauna.
The Octopus's Garden:
Hydrothermal Vents and Other Mysteries of the Deep Sea
by Cindy Lee Van Dover
Addison-Wesley, 1996
A lyrical and
deeply personal account by an associate professor of oceanography at the
University of Alaska, Fairbanks who was the first woman to pilot the submersible
Alvin.
Creeps from the Deep:
Life in the Deep Sea
Norbert Wu (Photographer), Leighton R. Taylor
Chronicle Books, 1997
Stunning photographs
by one of the world's premiere marine photographers.
Exploring the Deep
Frontier: The Adventure of Man in the Sea
by Sylvia A. Earle and Al Giddings
National Geographic Society, 1980
A somewhat dated
but lavishly illustrated coffee-table book by the doyenne of oceanographic
research.
The Mid-Oceanic Ridges:
Mountains Below Sea Level
by Adolphe Nicolas
Springer-Verlag, 1995
A well-illustrated,
textbook-style examination of the mid-ocean ridges, designed for students,
scientists, and interested laypeople.
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