TABLE OF CONTENTS



Cruise Location Map (Fig.1)................................................................................................ 3

Errata ................................................................................................................................... 4

NeMO '99 Scientific Party................................................................................................... 5

1 CRUISE OVERVIEW........................................................................................................6
Dives on Axial (Fig. 2)......................................................................................................... 6b

SE Caldera SRZ, Northern Vents and Dive Tracks (Fig. 3)................................................. 7

SE Caldera SRZ, Southern Vents and Dive Tracks (Fig. 4)................................................. 8

ASHES Vent Field, Vent Names and Locations (Fig. 5)...................................................... 9

2 DISCIPLINE SUMMARIES..............................................................................................10

2.1 VOLCANOLOGY...............................................................................................................10

2.2 CHEMISTRY...................................................................................................................... 11

2.2a Hydrothermal Fluid Sampling.............................................................................................. 11

2.2b OsmoSampler and OsmoAnalyzer Operations..................................................................... 12

2.2c Gas Sampling........................................................................................................................ 13

2.2c Studies of Dissolved Gases from Hydrothermal Vent Systems............................................ 14

2.3 MICROBIOLOGY..............................................................................................................14

2.3a Microbiological Sampling for Molecular Microbial Ecology Analysis............................... 14

2.3b Hydrothermal Fluid Microbiology....................................................................................... 16

2.3c Microbial Food Webs........................................................................................................... 17

2.4 MACROBIOLOGY............................................................................................................ 18

2.4a Biology of Low Temperature Sites....................................................................................... 18

2.5 HYDROTHERMAL DEPOSITS.......................................................................................20

2.6 ROCK SAMPLING AND PETROLOGIC STUDIES ....................................................20

3.0 Non-ROPOS OPERATIONS............................................................................................. 22

3.1 Mooring Deployments /CTD's /XRF Analysis.....................................................................22

3.2 NeMO'99 Website and Public Outreach.............................................................................. 22

4 NAVIGATION................................................................................................................... 23

4.1 Navigation Overview........................................................................................................... 23

4.2 Final Calibrated Transponder Positions............................................................................... 24

4.3 Vents and Markers Location Table...................................................................................... 24

5 NeMO OPERATIONS....................................................................................................... 27

5.1 1998 Dive Dates and Locations - ROPOS Dives R460 -R480......................................... 27

5.2 1999 Dive Dates, Locations and Tasks - ROPOS Dives R482 - R503............................ 28

5.3 Experiments Deployed and Recovered - 1998 and 1999................................................. 30

5.4 1999 ROPOS Samples - Dives R483 - R503..................................................................... 32

5.5 Dive Map Nomenclature..................................................................................................... 50

5.6 1999 ROPOS Dive Logs - Dives R483 - R503 ................................................................. 51

(dive maps inserted in dive log, where appropriate)

R483 Dive Log..................................................................................................................... 51

R484 Dive Log..................................................................................................................... 54

R485 Dive Log..................................................................................................................... 58

R486 Dive Log..................................................................................................................... 60

R487Dive Log..................................................................................................................... 61

R488 Dive Log..................................................................................................................... 63

R489 Dive Log ................................................................................................................. 78

R490 Dive Log ................................................................................................................. 79

R491 Dive Log..................................................................................................................... 80

R492 Dive Log..................................................................................................................... 96

R493 Dive Log..................................................................................................................... 108

R494 Dive Log..................................................................................................................... 112

R495 Dive Log..................................................................................................................... 130

R496 Dive Log..................................................................................................................... 149

R497 Dive Log..................................................................................................................... 155

R498 Dive Log..................................................................................................................... 165

R499 Dive Log..................................................................................................................... 168

R500 Dive Log..................................................................................................................... 171

R501 Dive Log..................................................................................................................... 179

R502 Dive Log..................................................................................................................... 192

R503 Dive Log..................................................................................................................... 203



Cover: Image of high resolution pencil beam bathymetry (Imagenex). Bathymetry grid cell size is 2 meters. Depths range from 1500 - 1575 meters. Orange/red colors shallowest, blues/purples deepest. Imagenex data were collected by the NOAA Vents Program using ROPOS during NeMO'98 and NeMO'99. Data were supplemented with additional bathymetry collected on the Cleft'99 cruise in September 1999. Bathymetry processing and cartography by William W. Chadwick Jr., with assistance from Robert W. Embley and Susan G. Merle.



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Errata



Dive Logs:

ROPOS dive logs were saved in .html or Excel .csv (comma delimited) files. The .html files were not an option for editing, as they can only be saved as text files, and lose all their rows and columns. The .csv files were a little easier to work with so they were the files edited for the dive logs. (As you may recall, we could not edit the logs at sea.) There was a problem with the .csv dive log files as well. Any double letters or double numbers were absent. I tried to find those errors and correct them, but be aware, especially regarding numbers, as those errors were particularly hard to spot.



Navigation in general:

1999 navigation not as robust as 1998. 1999 nav fixes were often to the west or southwest of '98 fixes. Unfortunately this is not always the case. The farther south we went, the worse the acoustic nav. That is because the southern transponder net could not be calibrated with the ASHES net. (See section 4 for more details.) Be aware of that and use the dive plots as a guide.



Dive Plots:

R492 Missing acoustic nav at end of dive, after JD183 2130. We weren't getting any fixes, and there were no good fixes recorded in the nav logbook to supplement the acoustic fixes. The dive continued for a couple more hours, ending about 250 meters southeast of Bag City. Will fill in last two hours of nav with adjusted ship nav, eventually.



R494 Video went out at JD185 1810, therefore there was no bottom image from that time until ROPOS came up. 1810 official end of dive.



R495 There are gaps in the nav from JD186 1454 - 1640 and 2236 - JD187-0000. We were getting out of the range of the ASHES net transponders. The dive plots just show a straight line connecting the times. Acoustic nav ends on JD187 0115, but the dive continued until 0158. All the nav gaps will be filled with adjusted ship nav, eventually.



R501 No acoustic nav from JD191 2251 - JD192 0521. ROPOS on the deck or in the water column from 0230 - 0530. Need to fill in JD191 2251 - JD192 0230 with adjusted ship nav, eventually. The dive plot shows the ROPOS track from JD192 1411 - 1520, but ROPOS was transiting off the bottom at the time and there was no video.



R494 and R497 Plots state that the nav fixes for the ship are at the stern. That is not accurate. We presume the GPS fixes were referenced to the GPS antennae, about 37 meters fore of the stern. To get actual position at stern one would have to apply a 37 meter lay-back to the ship navigation. (To confuse the matter more: Navigation fixes transcribed in the nav logbook are positions at stern, because we put the pointer in that position on the nav screen and wrote down that fix. More information than you want to know?)

Scientific Participants, Title and Affiliation:



Name Title Affiliation

Robert Embley Chief Scientist/Geologist PMEL

Dave Butterfield Chemist JISAO/PMEL

Bill Chadwick Geologist CIMRS/OSU/PMEL

Kim Juniper Biologist UQ

Michael Perfit Geologist UF

Craig Moyer Microbiologist WWU

Steve Scott Geologist UT

Thomas Chapin Chemist MBARI

Leigh Evans Chemist CIMRS/OSU/PMEL

Jim Gendron Chemist PMEL

Susan Merle Navigation/Geologist CIMRS/OSU/PMEL

Julie Huber Microbiologist/Grad Student UW

Marlene le Bel Biologist/Student UQ

Catherine Charpentier Biologist/Grad Student UQ

Christian Levesque Biologist/Grad Student UQ

Sheryl Roadruck Microbiologist UW

Andy Graham Chemist UW

Jean Marcus Navigation/Biologist/Grad Student UV

Maia Tsurumi Biologist/Grad Student UV

Paul Johnson Navigation/Geologist U Hawaii

Karen Lynch Geologist WWU

John Chadwick Geologist/Grad Student UF

Kevin Roe Chemist JISAO/PMEL

Nicole Nasby NeMO Web/Grad Student OSU

Naaznin Pastakia Geologist/Grad Student UT

Greg Pillette Teacher Beaverton High School

Keith Shepherd ROPOS Team Leader CSSF

Bob Holland Engineer CSSF

Keith Tamburri Engineer CSSF

Kim Wallace Engineer CSSF

Mike Dempsey Engineer CSSF

Craig Elder Engineer CSSF

Ian Murdock Engineer CSSF



Participating Organizations:

PMEL Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory

UW University of Washington

OSU Oregon State University

CIMRS Cooperative Institute for Marine Resources Studies (NOAA/OSU)

JISAO Joint Institute for the Study of Atmosphere and Oceans (NOAA/UW)

WWU Western Washington State University

CSSF Canadian Scientific Submersible Facility

UF University of Florida

UQ University of Quebec

UT University of Toronto

UV University of Victoria

MBARI Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute

1 OVERVIEW OF NeMO'99 - Bob Embley



During the NeMO99 cruise, ROPOS recovered more than 260 geologic, biologic and chemical samples, retrieved 29 experiments and and instruments, and deployed 25 experiments. ROPOS made 18 successful dives totaling 204 hours of bottom time in 21 days on site. Despite major problems with the hydraulic systems on the ROPOS, which caused us considerable downtime, the hardworking ROPOS team and the efforts of the science party were able to recover to make this year's cruise rival the success of NeMO98.



The chemical and biological effects of the 1998 diking event are still apparent on the eastern side of the caldera where the lava flow was erupted. Vigorous hydrothermal venting continues in many places (e.g. Marker 33, Cloud, and Magnesia), whereas there has been reduction or cessation in others. Although the amount of visually apparent microbial activity (such as the white floc in the water column) decreased, "snowblower" activity continued at some vents (e.g. Magnesia Vent) and hyperthermophilic microbes were again found in abundance at most of the diffuse (low temperature) sites, (whose temperature is well below their optimal growth rate). These observations show that there is still enhanced subsurface microbial growth more than a year and a half after the eruption. Of particular interest was the discovery of a hyperthemophile growing optimally at 102C.



Colonization of the new vents continued. Tubeworms had arrived at Marker 33 and were present in greater densities at sites that only contained small patches in 1998 (e.g., Nascent Vent). Analyses of the water samples, biological grabs, and video observation should tell us much about the evolution of the chemical and biological systems on the summit of Axial.

Mapping of the new lava flow and associated hydrothermal system continued in 1999. We located the (probable) southern end of the lava flow about 6 kilometers south of the caldera along a spectacular fissure system that was followed for hundreds of meters. The eruption was entirely contained in the 1 to 2 meter wide fissure until it overflowed its fissure and erupted in the large mound of lava that was found in 1998 at 4552'N. Farther north towards the caldera, the trace of the 1998 eruption became more confused as the slightly older eruptions mixed with the 1998 lava. Several new vents (Bag City, Crevice, Coquille) were found south of Marker 113 (the southernmost point investigated in 1998). The vent fluid sampler recovered 113 water and filter samples from all the (still active) major vents.

The ASHES vent field was only visited on two dives in 1999 because of the early downtime of ROPOS, and part of one dive was again spent at the CASM vent field in the northern part of the caldera.



Active hydrothermal venting was only found on the summit of Axial, probably where the underlying zone of molten lava permanently resides. The summit area contains hydrothermal systems formed during several different volcanic or tectonic (earthquake generated) events, providing a natural laboratory for studying colonization and evolution of these unique chemosynthetic ecosystems.









2 DISCIPLINE SUMMARIES



2.1 VOLCANOLOGY - Robert W. Embley and William W. Chadwick

Volcanology studies during NeMO'99 focused on, 1) continuing our instrumental monitoring efforts, 2) expanding our Imagenex sonar bathymetry of the 1998 eruption site, and 3) extending our mapping of the 1998 lava flow south to the area of the southern SeaBeam depth anomaly at 45 52' (confirmed as a new lava flow during dive R465 last year).



The extensometers that were recovered from Axial's north rift zone during NeMO'98 yielded an interesting data set. The instruments had been in place during the 1998 eruption and recorded a 4 cm contraction at the time of the eruption. This represents deflation of the entire summit area of Axial as magma intruded into the south rift zone, and is consistent with the rumbleometer instruments that recorded dramatic subsidence in Axial caldera. The extensometer and rumbleometer data can be modeled together to estimate the depth of the magma reservoir beneath the caldera and the volume of magma removed during the eruption/intrusion. These results were published in the December 1999 issue of Geophysical Research Letters. After the data was downloaded from the extensometers in 1998, they were re-deployed in the same area, and we recovered these again in 1999. Unfortunately, all 4 instruments failed during the 1999 deployment due to connector leaks and failure of components on the circuit boards. The status of these instruments for future deployments is currently being assessed.



The high-resolution bathymetry that can be collected with the Imagenex sonar was one of the highlights of NeMO'98. We were able to double the area of Imagenex coverage in 1999, mainly to the west of the area mapped in 1998. This helped define the western contact of the 1998 lava flow, and also showed many drain-out channels in the older lava to the west, suggesting that the previous eruptions from this area were more voluminous that the 1998 eruption. The Imagenex map fills a critical observational gap between multibeam bathymetry and bottom observations, and helps us understand what we see from ROPOS. It helps us map out the 1998 lava flow in unprecedented detail, including collapse areas and flow morphologies, puts the locations of vents sites and samples in a meaningful spatial context, and helps us interpret the sequence of events during the eruption. This is the first high-resolution map of a mid-ocean ridge eruption site and we will continue to expand the Imagenex coverage in future years.



During NeMO'98, our geologic mapping efforts were concentrated in the 3 km north of Marker 113. However, we know that the 1998 eruption extended at least 7 km south of Marker 113, so during NeMO'99, we extended this mapping to the south. Observations during dive R495 showed that even the large pillow mound that erupted at 45 52' was fed from a narrow fissure. Within a few hundred meters south of the pillow mound, 1998 lava can be seen filling, but not overflowing, a fissure that is 1-1.5 m wide. This extraordinary observation is essentially the surface outcrop of the 1998 dike that fed the eruption at this location, and the width of the fissure we saw is the minimum amount of seafloor spreading that occurred during this event. Between the pillow mound at 45 52' and Marker 113, the story is more complicated because there are other very young lava flows that are difficult to distinguish from the 1998 lava, except that locally they host clearly pre-1998 vent communities (mainly large, dead tubeworms). We were able to map out the distribution of lavas of at least 4 different ages during dives R492, R493, R494, R495, and R501. However, these dives only covered limited parts of this large area, and additional mapping will be necessary in future years to complete this mapping effort. In collaboration with M. Perfit and his students at the University of Florida, a careful collection of basalt samples was made during these mapping dives to determine if there are distinctive chemical differences between the 1998 lava flow and the surrounding older lavas. These results might help in the mapping effort and have implications for the evolution Axial's magmatic system.



The geologic results from this project also aid in putting into context the remarkable changes observed in the chemical and biologic systems at Axial Volcano since the 1998 eruption. The mapping provides the geologic context for the along-strike variations in the chemical and biologic characteristics of the hydrothermal system. For example, we were able to compare the general pattern of hydrothermal flow from the new eruption with that of the pre-eruptive system (mapped by previous camera tows and dives), suggesting that the conduit system was not dramatically changed by the dike injection and eruption. The north-south pattern appears to be similar, but there was apparently a small East-West displacement between the pre- and post-eruptive hydrothermal systems. The center of maximum hydrothermal flow appears to have remained in roughly the same place. This is also apparently where the maximum diversity in the microbial population is. The "snow blower" vents occur primarily at the northern portion of the system, where the lowest flow rates are located.



2.2 CHEMISTRY



2.2a Hydrothermal Fluid Sampling - David Butterfield

The main goals for fluid sampling for this cruise were 1) re-sample vent fluids from sites sampled last year and expand the sampling to cover a broader range of the eruption area in the SE caldera and rift zone, 2) re-sample diffuse, warm vents and hot vents in the ASHES field, and 3) sample vent fluids from CASM. The vent fluid studies are intended to use chemistry to understand the connections between volcanic activity, hydrothermal heat loss, and microbial activity in hydrothermal systems. Fluid chemistry is also an important measure of habitat conditions for studies of vent fauna colonization and species distribution.



Very few studies to date have focused intensively on the variation in diffuse fluid chemistry within a region. This work may yield new insights into the variability of sub-seafloor processes in a hydrothermal system.



Hot Fluid Sampler

We used the Hot Fluid Sampler (HFS) for the second year during this cruise, after several improvements were made over the proto-type model of last year. The sampler has a lower profile in front of the ROV so that visibility and ability to sample are not severely impaired. The plumbing layout was improved to allow more filters on the instrument. This year we were configured to take 6 piston samples (3 modified with high-vacuum valves for gas sampling), 8 collapsible bag samples with optional in-line filters, and 10 additional filters without water collection. One of the bag samplers was used as a flushing line for two titanium gas-tight samplers so that fluids of known temperature could be sampled by different types of samplers for comparison. On one dive, we can collect 10 discrete water samples for fluid chemistry, 5 water samples for gas analysis, and up to 17 filters for a variety of analytical purposes.



Several types of filters were used. Membrane filters of .45 or .2 micron pore size were used to collect particulate material for: xrf chemical analysis and SEM, particulate elemental sulfur, particulate organic carbon, lipids, and fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) analysis. In addition, "Sterivex" high through-put cartridge filters were used to collect particles for DNA extraction. All of the analytical work done on the filters is designed to help us understand the chemical and microbiological variation among different types of vents. The in-situ filtration capability of the fluid sampler is an important advance over all previous vent fluid sampling instrumentation in that it allows us to concentrate particulate material from large volumes of water for multiple analyses at a given vent site, and it also allows us to separate the dissolved components from the particulate components at the time of venting, thereby eliminating uncertainty about post-sampling particle formation within the water sample containers. In many instances, we collect both filtered and unfiltered water from the same site for comparison. Overall, we have an excellent set of samples for fluid chemistry, gas chemistry, particle chemistry, and microbiology.



On-board fluid analysis:

Kevin Roe was the principal fluid analyst on this cruise, and carried out analysis for pH, alkalinity, hydrogen sulfide, dissolved silica, and ammonia. Most of our chemical analysis occurs on shore. We measured refractive index of the hotter vent fluids to estimate their salinity or chlorinity. Dave Butterfield analyzed particulate elemental sulfur by colorimetry on a subset of samples.



We were fortunate to have Andy Graham on board. Andy received cuts of most of the fluid samples for methane and hydrogen analysis by gas chromatography. In many cases, vent fluid samples arrived on deck containing a gas phase and a liquid phase. When this occurred we measured the volume of the liquid and gas portions and Andy analyzed both for gas content. In this way, the fluid sampler appears to be superior to the traditional titanium major samplers because it has much better gas retention capability, and the samplers are transparent, allowing us to separate the gas portion from the liquid. We cannot rule out some gas loss through the check valves, but comparison of the gas results from different samplers will help to evaluate this.



Initial results:

HFS was deployed on 2 short aborted dives and 3 complete dives in the 1998 eruption area, plus one complete dive at ASHES. HFS proved to be quite efficient. For example, on the first HFS dive, we had only 30 minutes of bottom time at marker 33 and took 5 samples (2 water chemistry, one gas chemistry, and two filters). For the entire cruise, we collected 43 vent fluid samples for water chemistry with HFS, 13 gas piston samples, and over 50 filters. In addition, titanium gas-tight samples were collected on many dives (see Leigh Evans report) and these will be analyzed for major element chemistry.



We have not yet processed the raw data from the last two dives, but the initial results appear similar to last year. Relative to the CoAxial eruption area, where there were large changes in composition and a decay in heat output one year after the eruption, we saw little change on the seafloor in the eruption area. Diffuse venting continued in many areas. The maximum measured temperature at marker 33 is higher than last year (78 versus 55 degrees). Looking at the ratio of hydrogen sulfide to silica (the ratio is only slightly sensitive to the amount of entrained seawater during sampling) it appears that the samples from throughout the eruption area this year are just slightly lower in sulfide relative to silica. Methane appears to be slightly higher this year than last year. We cannot say anything about the changes in salinity until we do high-precision analysis on shore.



2.2b OsmoSampler and OsmoAnalyzer Operations - Thomas Chapin

Changes in the chemical composition of hydrothermal effluent after a tectonic-volcanic event have been documented (e.g., Baker et al., 1987, 1998; Butterfield and Massoth, 1994; Von Damm et al, 1995; Massoth et al., 1995; Massoth et al., in press; Wheat et al., to be submitted) and a conceptual model has been developed that theorizes the chemical evolution of venting fluids (Butterfield et al., 1997). However, the timing of these changes is uncertain. To date observations of temporal variability in the chemical composition of hydrothermal fluids has relied on repeated submersible operations and the collection of discrete samples. While this technique provides some temporal constraints, a continuous water sampler or analyzer allows one to collect more samples with limited need for costly submersible operations. Our goal for this cruise was to deploy two short-term (two weeks) and two long-term (one year) continuous sampling systems to provide temporal constraints for observing hourly to daily and weekly to monthly chemical cycles in the hydrothermal effluent. Data from these samplers and their comparison to samples collected using traditional discrete sampling techniques will allow us to determine the temporal scale of chemical change in the hydrothermal effluent as the hydrothermal system evolves and may provide constraints for understanding the physical and chemical conditions at depth and the path for fluid circulation.

Two sampling systems were deployed, OsmoSamplers and OsmoAnalyzers. OsmoSamplers are continuous water samplers that use the osmotic pressure that is created across a semi-permeable membrane by solutions of differing salinity (Theeuwes and Yum, 1976; Jannasch et al., submitted). This pressure drives water across the membrane at a speed that is dependent on the surface area of the membrane, type of membrane, salt gradient, and temperature. An excess of salt is maintained on one side of the membrane, thus only temperature affects the flow of water in the sampler. Pumps in an OsmoSampler are used to continuously draw sample through a small bore (0.8 mm id) tubing that is attached to a 40-cm-long T-handle. An additional pump was used to add acid to the sample stream in most of the OsmoSamplers. A 1.5-m-long section of tubing separates the sample intake from the pump to allow the pump to be placed in an area void of hydrothermal influence and thus minimizes temperature (pump rate) fluctuations. A temperature recorder with a resolution of 0.0018°C is attached to the T-handle to monitor the same water that is being collected by the OsmoSampler. Chemical data are obtained by retrieving the sampler, cutting the sample tubing into sections, extracting the seawater, and analyzing the seawater for chemical species of interest. Time-stamps for individual samples are determined assuming a uniform temperature at the pump that translates into a uniform rate of pumping.



OsmoAnalyzers, in contrast to OsmoSamplers, use osmotic pumps to deliver reagents into a sample stream for in situ analysis (Jannasch et al 1994). An iron OsmoAnalyzer was deployed at Marker 33 to continuously measure Fe at 15-minute intervals over the next 6-9 months.



Two long-term acid addition OsmoSamplers, deployed from the NeMO 1998 September cruise were recovered on this cruise. These samplers, one at Marker 33 and one at Milky vent, continuously collected sample for 9 months providing 163 0.5-mL samples. Analysis for major elements and trace metals will be performed later in our laboratory. Milky vent started at 9.5 C but dropped to 3.6 C by the time the OsmoSampler was recovered. There was no visible floc venting from Milky and the low temperatures at the end of the deployment indicate that the diffuse vent had died out. Marker 33, on the other hand, continued to vent hydrothermal fluids up to 80 C and was quite vigorous. The NeMO-98 long term acid addition OsmoSamplers deployments appear to have been a success and will provide one of the first long-term continuous records of the chemical signature of hydrothermal fluids.



During NeMO-99, four long-term OsmoSamplers were deployed. Three OsmoSamplers were deployed at the Marker 33, in the hottest section with temperatures up to 80 C. The OsmoSamplers consisted of one regular acid addition, one bio-OsmoSampler which has a sodium azide biocide to prevent bacterial growth, and a long term Cu-OsmoSampler which will collect samples for gas analysis. Another long-term acid addition OsmoSampler was deployed in 70 C water at Magnesia vent, just north of Milky vent. Tremendous clouds of white flocculent material were coming out of Magnesia and it looked like a snowstorm.



A 2-week record high temperature record from the Hell vent was recovered. Unfortunately the deployment of a long-term acid addition OsmoSampler and temperature probe was not successful.



References:

Baker, E. T., G. J. Massoth, and R. A. Feely. 1987. Cataclysmic hydrothermal venting on the Juan de Fuca Ridge. Nature, 329, 149-151.

Baker, E. T., G. J. Massoth, R. A. Feely, G. A. Cannon, and R. E. Thomson. 1998. The rise and fall of the CoAxial hydrothermal site, 1993-1996. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 9791-9806.

Butterfield, D.A., and G. J. Massoth. 1994. Geochemistry of north Cleft segment vent fluids: Temporal changes in chlorinity and their possible relation to recent volcanism. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 4951-4968.

Butterfield, D. A., I. R. Jonasson, G. J. Massoth, R. A. Feely, K. K. Roe, R. E. Embley, J. F. Holden, R. E. McDuff, M. D. Lilley, and J. R. Delaney. 1997. Seafloor eruptions and evolution of hydrothermal fluid chemistry. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A, 355, 369-386.

Jannasch, H. W., K. S. Johnson and C. M. Sakamoto. 1994. Submersible, osmotically pumped analyzers for continuous determination of nitrate in situ. Anal. Chem. 66, 3352-3361.

Jannasch, H. W., C. G. Wheat, M. Kastner, and D. Stakes. 1998. Long-term in situ osmotically pumped water samplers. Deep Sea Res., submitted.

Massoth, G. J., E. T. Baker, R. A. Feely, D. A. Butterfield, R. E. Embley, J. E. Lupton, R. E. Thomson, and G. A. Cannon. 1995. Observations of manganese and iron at the CoAxial seafloor eruption site, Juan de Fuca Ridge. Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 151-154.

Massoth, G. J., E. T. Baker, R. A. Feely, J. E. Lupton, R. W. Collier, J. F. Gendron, K. K. Roe, S. M. Maenner, and J. A. Resing. 1998. Manganese and iron in hydrothermal plumes resulting from the 1996 Gorda Ridge Event. Deep Sea Res., in press.

Theeuwes, F., and S. I. Yum. 1976. Principles of the design and operation of generic osmotic pumps for the delivery of semisolid or liquid drug formulations. Ann. Biomed. Eng., 4, 343-353.

Von Damm, K. L., S. E. Oosting, R. Kozlowski, L. G. Buttermore, D. C. Colodner, H. N. Edmonds, J. M. Edmond, and J. M. Grebmeier. 1995. Evolution of East Pacific Rise hydrothermal fluids following an oceanic eruption. Nature, 375, 47-50.

Wheat, C. G., H. W. Jannasch, F. J. Sansone, J. N. Plant, and C. L. Moyer. 1998. Hydrothermal Fluids From Loihi Seamount After the 1996 Event: A Year of Change Monitored With a Continuous Water Sampler. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., to be submitted.



2.2c Gas Sampling - Lee Evans

The primary goal of gas sampling during the NeMO '99 expedition was direct sampling of vent fluids by way of Titanium Gastight bottles and modified pistons from the PMEL Hot Fluid Sampler (HFS). Approximately 30 useful samples were gathered and their available gas contents extracted and sealed in glass ampoules for chemical analysis. Analyses include helium isotopes, hydrogen and methane.



As with 1998's samples, the geographic coverage of sampling included the east side of the caldera along the region of the 1998 lava flow, Ashes vent field on the west side and Casm vent field to the north. Time series measurements will be possible at about 5 vent sites. The coverage of diffuse vent samples was extended southward on the east side in the direction of the vestige of the eruptive fissure.



This year's method modifications present a significant improvement as compared with those used to gather samples in 1998. At least some of 1998's collection were a bit more dilute than what is desirable. Both the plumbing scheme for titanium gastight bottles and the sample integrity of the gas piston samplers (HFS) were improved.



2.2d Studies of Dissolved Gases from Hydrothermal Vent Systems - Andy Graham

The main focus of our lab is the study of dissolved gases from hydrothermal vent systems. For this cruise I brought a gas chromatograph on board and analyzed fluid samples from the hot fluid sampler, suction sampler and a niskin bottle mounted on ROPOS. The main gases that I analyzed were dissolved hydrogen and dissolved methane. These gases are important in the hydrothermal vent community because certain microbes can oxidize these gases and use them as an energy source. Over 50 samples were analyzed ranging from 300 oC Inferno vent to 4 oC Magnesia vent. From an initial glance the data vent such as Marker 33 and Virgin Mound still appear to contain high concentrations of both hydrogen and methane. Further analysis and a comparison to last year's data will occur.



2.3 MICROBIOLOGY



2.3a Microbiological Sampling for Molecular Microbial Ecology Analysis

Western Washington University, Biology Department: Craig L. Moyer & Karen Lynch.



Introduction

One of the greatest challenges in microbial ecology is the accurate identification and description of microbial populations within their respective communities. This information is central to determining the extent of global microbial diversity, which remains the least understood of all the biological size classes. To address this challenge, molecular biological techniques using small-subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene sequences have been applied to describe the structure and diversity of different microbial communities. The current endeavor is to examine specific habitats with known biogeochemical characteristics (e.g., S, Fe, Mn) to learn more about the dominant microorganisms residing therein. The focus of this study at Axial Volcano is to estimate the microbial community structure and diversity to assess the degree of commonality and uniqueness among local hydrothermal vent habitats, (i.e., vent-associated sediments, free-living microbial mats, microbes associated with subsurface floc-ejecta), and to also compare these results with distal hydrothermal vent habitats. This study will also allow for the enhanced development of a comprehensive global perspective regarding the diversity of deep-sea microbial communities.



Selective enrichment culture has severe limitations as an approach to the cultivation of naturally-occurring microorganisms. The majority (typically >90-99%) of microbes in nature have not yet been cultivated using traditional techniques. Consequently, it is very unlikely that collections of microbial isolates are representative of in situ diversity and community structure. Furthermore, because relatively nutrient-rich media are generally used for isolations, "weedy" or opportunistic microorganisms may be selected rather than those dominant in the natural community. The approach, herein, is to ascertain a microbial community's primary members through molecular (i.e., cell component) means and then to attempt to further characterize their respective phylogeny or natural history. Obtaining a better representation of microbial community structure and diversity is crucial to aspects of microbial ecology where Bacteria and Archaea interact with one another and with their environment, e.g., global biogeochemical cycling of matter, succession and disturbance responses, predator-prey relationships, and trophic-level interactions. These lessons can then be used to focus enrichment culture techniques towards ecologically significant taxa. This approach has been successfully used to isolate the dominant iron-oxidizer bacterial taxon found within the microbial community at hydrothermal systems located at Loihi Seamount, North Gorda Ridge, and other habitats (Emerson and Moyer, 1997; unpublished results).



Cell component analyses provide a culture-independent means of investigating microorganisms as they occur at hydrothermal vent systems (Moyer et al., 1994;1995; 1998). While several types of cell components have been analyzed, the SSU rRNA molecule offers an amount and type of information that makes it one of the best culture-independent descriptors or biomarkers of microorganisms. In recent years a detailed theory of evolutionary relationships among the domains Bacteria, Archaea and Eucarya has emerged from comparisons of SSU rRNA "signature" sequences. For example, each SSU rRNA gene contains highly conserved regions found among all living organisms as well as diagnostic variable regions unique to particular organisms or closely related groups. Additionally, each SSU rRNA gene contains about 1,500 nucleotides of sequence information that can be obtained and utilized to differentiate among closely-related and distantly-related groups of microorganisms. This type of molecular approach allows the autecology of microorganisms to be studied whether or not they can be been cultivated (Moyer et al., 1996). In addition, the phylogenetically described taxa or "phylotypes" can be placed in a synecology context through the examination of SSU rRNA clone libraries generated from a microbial community and habitat diversity can be analyzed through rarefaction (Moyer et al., 1998). These features make SSU rRNAs particularly useful for studies of molecular microbial ecology, where a broad and unknown range diversity of microorganisms is likely to exist. Currently, over 10,000 SSU rRNA sequences from both cultured isolates and environmental phylotypes have been made available for study through the Ribosomal Database Project at NSF's Center for Microbial Ecology at Michigan State University.



Experimental Design and Methods

Shipboard Processing and Storage of Samples

A dual approach was used for microbial sampling. First, a "slurp" gun suction device was be used in combination with a rotating rosette of sample bottles to "vacuum" and capture free-living microbial mats from the surface of various hydrothermal vent habitats. Slurp gun samples were successfully obtained from the East-Side of Axial at (1) Marker #33 Vent, (2) Markers N6 & N4 aka Cloud Vent, and (3) Magnesia aka Whiteout Vent. We also began to investigate the phenomena of the "bag creature" this year with slurp samples collected on the East side of Axial at both Axial Gardens (Marker #113) and from a new site entitled Joystick Vent (Marker #42). This is a characteristic jelly-like residue, which looks to be composed of complex polysaccharide globules that form in and around low temperature diffuse flowing vents in conjunction with microbial mats. No suction samples used for microbiology were obtained from the vicinity of the ASHES vent area this year.



Second, the deployment and recovery of microbial traps using glass wool as a substrate for microbial growth. Microbial traps were constructed using a cluster of three 3" sections of 4"o.d. plexiglass tubing, surrounded top and bottom by a 202 µm nylon mesh (Nytex) to exclude macrofauna and meiofauna grazing. These were placed directly into diffuse vents and were used to collect colonizing microorganisms in an effort to examine community succession. These were deployed with the idea of attempting a time-series with both short-term (days) and long-term (annual) time scales. This objective was successfully achieved with long-term recoveries from last year's NeMO98 made at both Marker #33 and Cloud Vent (Marker N4), short-term recoveries from deployments made this year were also made at Marker #33, and Cloud Vent (Marker N4) on the East-side of Axial Volcano. New long-term deployments again were made at both of these two East-side sites. Unfortunately, only a single successful recovery from the ASHES Vent Field was made. This occurred at Gollum Vent, where two long-term deployed microbial traps were heroically recovered (in spite of the onset of foul weather conditions) and a fresh trap was deployed. Short-term recoveries from the ASHES area remains illusive, but may again be attempted next year, in addition to attempting continued long-term recoveries from each of the following locations where microbial traps have been previously deployed: Gollum, ROPOS, Hillock, Mushroom Vents.



Microbial samples collected were each independently processed. Microbial biomass preservation was achieved by quick-freezing in liquid nitrogen and storing on dry ice until return to the laboratory. These samples will be used for the direct extraction of nucleic acids. A series of sub-samples were also (i) cryo-preserved (again using liquid nitrogen quick-freezing) with 40% glycerol, and (ii) aliquots were stored at 4C, both for enrichment culture selection. Another series of sub-samples was fixed with 2.5% EM grade glutaraldehyde for examination with SEM and epifluorescence microscopy.



Laboratory Processing and Molecular Biological Analysis

Initially, all samples will be examined by epifluorescence microscopy in an effort to ascertain biomass estimates and examine morphological diversity. A subset of these will also be examined through SEM and an analysis of extractable lipids, which provides an estimate of microbial biomass and initial clues into community structure. The overall molecular biological strategy used will be essentially that of Moyer et al. (1994, 1995; 1998) with a few technical and logistical improvements. The first step will be the efficient and direct extraction of high molecular weight nucleic acids from quick-frozen samples. This will be followed by PCR amplification of SSU rDNAs using previously defined conditions to maximize the equal representation from each population contained within a respective community. The concept is to proportionally amplify or make several copies using the total genomic DNA from a natural community serving as the template for oligonucleotide primers that are complementary to universally conserved SSU rDNA sequence positions. Representative SSU rDNA amplification products are cloned generating a clone library. Clone libraries will then examined through the use of Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis or ARDRA and by using rarefaction as a metric for organismal diversity (Moyer et al., 1998). This approach, using tetrameric restriction enzymes, has been shown to detect >99% of the taxa (i.e., phylotypes) present within a model dataset with maximized diversity (Moyer et al., 1996). SSU rDNA sequences will also be subjected to phylogenetic analysis (using distance matrix and maximum likelihood algorithms) to estimate the affiliated ancestral lineage for each dominant community member thereby yielding clues as to their respective evolutionary history and potential physiology.



References:

Emerson, D., and C. L. Moyer. 1997. Isolation and characterization of novel iron-oxidizing bacteria that grow at circumneutral pH. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63:4784-4792.

Moyer, C. L., F. C. Dobbs, and D. M. Karl. 1994. Estimation of diversity and community structure through restriction fragment length polymorphism distribution analysis of bacterial 16S rRNA genes from a microbial mat at an active, hydrothermal vent system, Loihi Seamount, Hawaii. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60:871-879.

Moyer, C. L., F. C. Dobbs, and D. M. Karl. 1995. Phylogenetic diversity of the bacterial community from a microbial mat at an active, hydrothermal vent system, Loihi Seamount, Hawaii. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:1555-1562.

Moyer, C. L., J. M. Tiedje, F. C. Dobbs, and D. M. Karl. 1996. A computer-simulated restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of bacterial SSU rRNA genes: effacacy of selected tetrameric restriction enzymes. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:2501-2507.

Moyer, C. L., J. M. Tiedje, F. C. Dobbs, and D. M. Karl. 1998. Diversity of deep-sea hydrothermal vent Archaea. Deep-Sea Res. II. 45:303-317.



2.3b Hydrothermal Fluid Microbiology - Julie Huber and Sheryl BoltonWe returned to sea this summer to continue our research on microbial communities in diffuse fluids on Axial Seamount. Along with Dave Butterfield, we are trying to quantify the diversity of microbes and their metabolisms in relation to the chemistry of the diffuse fluids over time.



We have successfully cultured mesophiles, thermophiles, and hyperthermophiles from all diffuse fluids collected during this cruise. We have over 100 positive enrichments (which require confirmation on land) at temperatures ranging from 23 °C to 110 °C in a wide variety of media, mostly anaerobic. One very exciting find was the culturing of a microbe at 110 °C from Marker 33. This hyperthermophile (or group of hyperthermophiles) was successfully transferred six times while at sea. Currently, the highest known upper temperature limit for growth of a living organism is 113 °C by a sulfur-dependent hyperthermophilic Archaea called Pyrolobus. Our microbe, growing anaerobically with elemental sulfur, was isolated from ~70 °C fluid at Marker 33. We also found that it is producing large amounts of hydrogen and some carbon dioxide, as analyzed on the gas chromatograph by Andy Graham. The fact that we have found a microbe (or group of microbes) growing at such a high temperature, yet isolated from fluids much below its temperature of growth, strongly suggests that there is a hotter subsurface environment that these microorganisms are growing and thriving in. By studying this exciting microbe, we hope to learn more about the metabolic wonders of life at high temperature and the limits on life.

Additionally, quantitative enrichments (MPNs, Most-Probable-Number technique) were performed at a variety of temperatures from several sites. The table below contains the 95% confidence interval for the abundance of microorganisms that grow in the given media, given in microbes/liter. These data are preliminary and must be confirmed by microscopy on land.

  Sample Site Incubation

Temp (°C)

Fluid

Temp (°C)

Media Type Microbes/L
  Marker 33   90   78.0   Anaerobic, high organics   3000-96,000
  Marker 33   90   78.0   Anaerobic, low organics   600-8800
  Magnesia   55   5.6   Anaerobic, low organics   80-2400
  Bag City   90   23.4   Anaerobic, high organics   300-7600
  Bag City   90   23.4   Anaerobic, low organics   80-2400
  15m N of Nascent   90   25.8   Anaerobic, high organics   60-880
  Cloud N6   23   20.0   Aerobic, low organics   >48,000
  Gollum   90   22.3   Anaerobic, high organics   In Progress
  Marshmallow   90   71.8   Anaerobic, low organics   In Progress



We also obtained a number of discrete filtered fluid samples for molecular analysis using the hot fluid sampler. These filtered samples will be used in total community DNA analysis to determine microbial diversity and phylogeny, FISH (Fluorescence In-Situ Hybridization) to quantify and track certain microbes, and lipid analysis to quantify and determine the physiological state of microbes. We will also perform epifluorescent counts on all preserved fluid samples for microbial enumeration.



This combination of culturing, microscopic, and molecular techniques will help us determine how any changes in the fluid chemistry over the past year may be reflected in the microbial community structure. Additionally, we will continue to explore the microbial ecology of new diffuse sites and high temperature microbes found here at Axial Seamount.



2.3c Microbial Food Webs - UQAM Disciplinary Summary, Kim Juniper

Emphasis this year was placed on the consolidation and expansion of a study of the dynamics of microbial food webs. The overall goal of the study is to understand how the structure of vent food webs add structure and complexity as new vents and vent fields are colonized by increasing numbers of species. Particularly relevant are questions of the importance of vestimentiferan tube worms as a keystone species that create habitat for other organisms, and the relative importance of free-living and symbiotic microbial production as food sources for animals. Suites of faunal samples were collected from new vents in the East Rift Zone as well as from mature and senescent vent sites on adjacent older lava flows. Tissue samples from these organisms will be analyzed for stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes and for lipid biomarkers. Samples of microbial mat, biofilms and particulate organic material collected from each site will be similarly analyzed to permit matching of deposit and suspension feeding animals to their food sources, as well as the identification of trophic levels. The microbial and particulate samples will also be analyzed for ATP and total lipid content, as estimates of microbial biomass available for consumer organisms. Samples were also preserved for a molecular study of the diversity of microorganisms that constitute the animal food supply.



Samples collected came almost entirely from basalt-hosted diffuse vents, with the exception of samples from T&S vent at CASM and 2 collections from the sulfide worm habitat at ASHES. Planned collections of sulfide edifice tube worm communities in the ASHES field were missed because of the weather-related early termination of the dive program.



A vent-field scale study of the development of food webs was initiated at the Cloud site in the East Rift Zone. This study will examine spatial relationships between geological features, the location and intensity of venting and the colonization of individual vents, much as we have previously done for sulfide edifices. This is very much a mapping based project that seeks to discover spatial and temporal patterns that lead to the development of testable hypotheses. Video imagery and photographs collected during two dives are being used to develop a map of the distribution of individual organisms in relation to geological features and venting. This map will be incorporated into a small-scale GIS later this summer, to facilitate quantification of organism distribution and habitat. A short Imagenex survey was also perform during the video transects. We will attempt to integrate the resulting data into the map, despite problems with imprecision of navigation along and between transects. Mapping will be repeated in subsequent years to document changes in venting and community composition.



2.4 MACROBIOLOGY



2.4a Biology of Low Temperature Sites - Maia Tsurumi and Jean Marcus

1. Introduction

This biology program focused on two major themes: 1. succession (continued colonization through senescence) of the South Rift Zone vents, and 2. The regional distribution of species and populations of Axial Seamount. An important aspect of our sampling is to couple our collections with vent fluid chemistry. We were very successful with this approach last year, and during NeMO 1999 we were fortunate to extend this coordinated sampling. Of all our samples, there were only three which had no chemistry data.



2. Succession

a) Continued colonization.

We were intrigued last year to find three types of initial colonization at new vents on the new lava. These included: i) Small vestimentiferan recruits with three or four other known species, ii) Dense snails and iii) A mix of scale worm species and other polychaetes. This year we anticipated more homogeneous communities with tube worm recruits at all new vents. This prediction mostly held true. Tube worms occurred at all vents with the exception of the northern area where venting may have subsided, based on the general lack of vent fauna. For example, we found no fauna at Milky vent, although it supported scale worms and other polychaetes last year. Although tube worms were present and of a morphotype typical of new venting, they were not found in the abundance that we anticipated. In fact, this scarcity of tube worms forced us to suction sample at many locations because grabs were not possible.



We were able to repeat sample at all locations where we had samples last year. Further, we were able to sample two new vents on the southern portion of the South Rift Zone. This sampling revealed a species of nemertean worm seen after the 1993 CoAxial eruption, but not observed on the Axial 1998 flow last year. Although the lava in this area is of uncertain age, the tube worm morphology indicates that this is new venting. Preliminary sorting of samples shows that new species have continued the colonization sequence. There also is an observed shift in the relative abundance and biomass of some of the species. Next year should be interesting...



b) Senescence

Since venting is ephemeral, we have the opportunity to see what the vent community looks like at all stages of its "lifecycle". This is next to impossible to do in many other ecosystems because of the time scales involved. Until recently, studies of vent succession have focused on the initial and intermediate stages of the communities. For the last couple of years our lab has been working on understanding the entire sequence of succession from initiation to death. This requires opportunistic sampling of dying or dead vents. We obtained video, a suction sample, and one tube worm grab at a senescent vent and anticipate that this will help us to sort out the final sequence of the vent cycle.



3. Regional Character

Axial Volcano is one of the few places on the Ridge that allows us to study discrete, well-separated communities. A current question in vent ecology is how populations interchange among sites. We are working on better describing species distributions in a regional setting. Some vent species are very patchy and we are attempting to understand in an ecological framework why this is. To understand vent community dynamics within the caldera, it is crucial to sample as many intra- and inter-vent field assemblages as possible. To this end, we re-sampled, CASM and most of the South Rift Zone (North and South). In addition, we have selected one species of polychaete for a population genetics study.



4. A Final Comment

We would like to thank the NeMO 1999 science party for their encouragement, help, and interest. Also a big thank you to all the crew of the Thomas G. Thompson and the C.S.S.F. ROPOS gang.



Macrobiological Sample List from Low Temperature Sites

SOUTH RIFT ZONE

Suction samples

· R483-1: Mkr 33, Suction for larvae over tube worms of R483-6

· R488-5: Mkr 33, Suction for C. Levesque and J. Marcus

· R488-6: Mkr 33, Suction for mat by C. Moyer, picked out large fauna

· R488-7: Mkr N8, Snail, Suction for fauna (some animals to C.Levesque)

· R488-14: Mkr N4 (Cloud), Suction for fauna

· R488-15: Mkr N4 (Cloud), Suction for mat by C. Moyer, picked out large fauna

· R488-16: Mkr N4 (Cloud), Suction for tube worms into flushing bottle

· R491-5: Mkr 33, Suction for gastropods ~ 3 m from crack (C.Levesque has most animals)

· R491-13: Nascent , Suction over tube worm bush for larvae

· R491-14: Nascent, Suction where tube worm grab was taken (C.Levesque has most animals)

· R492-1: Joystick, Suction because too few tube worms to grab

· R492-2/3: Joystick, Suction for mat and bag creatures by C. Moyer, picked out large fauna

· R495-16/17: Mkr 113, Suction for mat by C. Moyer, large fauna picked out

· R495-4: Non-vent, Suction on new lava for diatom mat

· R495-35: Crevice, Suction sample of old worms



Tube worm grabs

· R483-6: Mkr 33, area in front of Time Lapse Camera

· R491-16: Nascent, from spot where MTR (#4108) was and 3 other spots close by (some animals to C.Levesque)

· R491-18: Mkr N41, from spot where MTR (#4126) was

· R491-20: Old Flow, old worms on old lava

· R491-24: Oldworms, old worms on old lava

· R492-6: Coquilles, old worms on old lava

· R492-10: Bag City, large worms (up to 1 m), new vent?

· R496-3: Mkr 113, from top of pillar, where Moyer's microbial traps #20&21 were

· R501-17: Crevice, older worms from intermediate (?) lava



Animals from C. Moyer's microbial traps

· R483-3/7: Mkr 33, Animals from C. Moyer's microbial traps (#9&12)

· R496-1/2: Mkr 113, Animals from Moyer's microbial traps (#20&21)



CASM

· R497-9: base of T & S, where Vemco was recovered and MTR deployed



ASHES

· R502-15: Mkr I, suction sample for meiofauna and water chemistry



Water Chemistry

· Water samples from all sites listed above except Snail vent (mkr N8), Mkr N41, Old Flow and Crevice.



Time Lapse Camera

· TLC was retrieved and redeployed at Mkr 33. Tube worm grab from Marker 33 sampled the photographed area.

2.5 HYDROTHERMAL DEPOSITS - Steve Scott



There are two types of hydrothermal deposits in the caldera of Axial Volcano: Fe-oxyhydroxides and sulfide-sulfate. Both were investigated and sampled during NeMO 99.



Fe-oxyhydroxide deposits

Analyses of Fe-oxyhydroxide samples taken from Steve Mound, Gollum Vent and south of ASHES in 1998 show the material to be silica poor ferrihydrite (nominally Fe5HO8.4H2O) together with amorphous silica. Ferrihydrite is commonly found in soils, oxidized mine wastes and other iron-rich environments, and now also on the deep seafloor (Boyd and Scott, 1999, Can. Mineralog.). The material is essentially amorphous although it can have short-range crystallographic order. It is of biogenic origin, clearly coating bacteria as seen in SEM and STEM images.



During NeMO 99, ferrihydrite deposits were sampled at Oxide Vent (inactive); at Naaz, south of ASHES (inactive); and, at the west wall of the caldera near ASHES (active). Red iron oxides and bacterial fluff were also observed at a few other places, most notably on the new lava in the south rift zone. The Naaz site is a new discovery of clusters of 10-15 cm diameter x 20-60 cm high conical structures that look like termite mounds made of ferrihydrite and of anhydrite coated by ferrihydrite. Naaz covers an area of about 5m (east-west) x 15m (north-south) and lies about 5 m south of Crack Vent. The distribution of the mounds within a cluster and in the peripheral regions where mounds are widely dispersed appears to be controlled by fractures in the otherwise relatively smooth sheet flow surface. Both vent fluids (6oC maximum temperature) and consanguineous oxide-coated bacteria were sampled at the west caldera wall. This will enable a determination of partitioning of elements between fluid and solids, an important step in the study of this biomineralization process.



Sulfide-sulfate spires

The CASM T & S spires, discovered during the 1998 NeMO expedition, were sampled. The five samples include different mineralogical types and both actively venting and inactive areas. A short distance north of T & S, on the east wall of the CASM rift, there is a large pile of oxidizing sulfide talus whose source was not thoroughly investigated. There is also evidence (red staining) of hydrothermal activity in some of the talus blocks at the foot of the north wall of the caldera. One sample each from Castle and Flat Top were lost. The Castle sample, taken from the top of the structure, appeared to be oxidized.



Two recovered HOBOs (Hell Vent and CASM T & S Vent) had ~1 mm thick sulfide deposits on their probe sheath. By determining the mass of precipitated material/ unit area/time the HOBO was deployed, the precipitation rate can be calculated, assuming it is linear with time. Furthermore, this rate can be known as a function of fluid chemisty (the vent fluids were sampled) and temperature (from the HOBO record).



Suction sampling within the Marker 33 vent revealed the presence of sulfides (pyrite + ?chalcopyrite) and anhydrite coating a cm-size piece of basalt and impregnating the basalt=s vesicles. The anhydrite and possible chalcopyrite indicate much higher temperatures than are now observed at Marker 33. It is postulated that the vent system was much hotter just after the January 1998 eruption than it is now.



2.6 ROCK SAMPLING AND PETROLOGIC STUDIES - M. Perfit and J. Chadwick

Introduction:

The objectives of the rock sampling program were four-fold: 1. complete detailed sampling and mapping of the 1998 lava flow to aid in the identification of its boundaries and extent, 2. determine the compositional and petrologic heterogeneity of the 1998 flow and spatial variability, 3. compare the composition of the 1998 flow to that of the surrounding older flows to evaluate temporal changes in magma source, 4. recover samples from Axial's north and south rift zones by rock corer to investigate temporal and spatial variations in magma genesis on a regional scale.



The initial sampling and subsequent chemical analyses of basalts from the 1998 flow showed that it was very similar in composition to basalts previously recovered from the caldera. In particular, the 1998 flow has a composition like that of young looking flows from the CASM site. All are normal mid-ocean ridge basalts (N-MORB) that have slightly elevated K2O contents (and other incompatible trace elements) compared to other MORB from the Juan de Fuca Ridge. Of a total of 16 samples analyzed from the 1998 flow, fourteen have nearly identical compositions; two from the southernmost part of the flow (Recovered on dive R465) are slightly more evolved. This suggests some chemical differentiation may have occurred during the diking event or that the magma source is chemically heterogeneous.



The detailed sampling completed this year will allow us to place more rigorous constraints on the chemical composition (and variability) of the 1998 flow as well as to determine the composition of older flows in contact with the new flow. Assuming there are significant compositional differences between the 1998 flow and surrounding older flows, we plan to use the geochemical data in conjunction with the observational data and mapping efforts to generate a geological map of the 1998 flow. In addition, comparison of the major and trace element composition of the new flow to older flows can constraints on magma chamber temperature changes and magmatic evolution. Measurement of U-series isotopes (by K. Rubin) will provide information about the age the magma chamber for the different flow units in the Caldera and possibly allow us to relate young flows from CASM and ASHES to the 1998 flow.



From a regional standpoint, the 1998 flow is very important because it provides us with another 'zero age' flow from the JdF to use in comparing an contrasting the current sources and melting parameters along the ridge. Initial analyses of the 1998 flow confirm that the source of Axial magmas is slightly more enriched than the mantle source of southern JdF lavas and quite a bit more enriched compared the source for CoAxial Segment magmas. This years 55 rock cores now gives us more than 115 rock core localities along Axial's north and south rift zones. These samples, together with the samples recovered in the caldera, will be used to investigate the spatial and temporal variability of magma genesis at the entire volcanic edifice that has been created by the interaction of Axial melt anomaly and the Jdf ridge.



ROPOS Operations

During this cruise, we recovered 52 samples from ROPOS dives. Many of these samples were 'opportunistic' in that they were recovered during biological grabs or suction samples for fluids or biology. Most of these consisted of glass chips and were primarily from well documented vent sites within the 1998 flow. In order to facilitate recovery of very glassy samples which can be nearly impossible to grab with ROPOS manipulators, we developed small rock wax corers that were deployed on ROPOS for the first time. These 'chapstick' cores were quite effective in sampling the glassy surfaces of lavas and proved to be a quick, easy way to get additional rock samples. Deployed rock cores were placed into a small mesh bag ('purse') fashioned to attach to the front of the bioboxes or fluid sampler. This bag was also used to recover temperature probes and additional rock samples. The glassy crusts from all large 'whole rock' lava samples were sub-sampled to be hand-carried with core samples. The highlight of the rock sampling came during the biogeology dive R501 during which two E-W traverses were made across the 98 flow while detailed volcanological and geological observations were made. During the dive a record total of 16 rock samples were recovered using the manipulators, rock cores and suction sampler. Precisely located samples at lava flow contacts should aid us in distinguishing flow units.



Rock Coring Operations:

Rock coring during the NeMO 1999 cruise continues the effort begun during NeMO 1998, when 49 successful rock core attempts were made. An additional 61 core samples were collected this year, for a total of 109 for the two cruises. Samples were collected principally in the south rift zone of Axial Seamount (48 samples), from just off the flank of the seamount south to approximately 45 degrees 39 minutes latitude. The remainder of the samples were collected along the Vance segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge (3 samples), the southwest rift zone (4 samples), and the north rift zone (6 samples). The glass from this effort will be analyzed for major elements using electron microprobe and for trace elements using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques. It is hoped this study will lead to a better understanding of the relationships between the seamount, rift zones, and Juan de Fuca ridge, as well as insight into the magmatic, volcanic, and tectonic processes that have created the rift zones.



Rock coring activities took place in periods between ROPOS dives, and were undertaken on the CTD wire on the starboard side of the ship. The corer has 7 wax-tipped cups which collect small shards of basaltic glass from the ocean floor. The corer was sent down on the wire at approximately 60 meters/min. until the winch monitor tension dropped considerably, indicating contact with the floor. An additional 5-10 meters of wire was spooled out prior to reversal of the winch and retrieval of the corer, again at 60 meters/min, after a short period of slow (10 meters/min) retrieval to get the corer off the bottom. This method resulted in a successful retrieval of ocean floor materials in all attempts, although no glass was collected in 2 attempts (sediments only).



3 Non-ROPOS OPERATIONS



3.1 Mooring Deployments /CTD's /XRF Analysis - Jim Gendron

Early in the cruise, one CTD cast was completed South-East of the venting area on the new lava. The water was collected around 1300 meters as a non-plume background sample for many of the groups onboard.



During the cruise, the hot fluid sampler was used to collect 22 filters for XRF analysis. These samples will be analyzed when we return to Seattle. Also collected on the fluid sampler were about 30 samples for SEM and 5 samples for Particulate Organic Carbon (POC). A total of four, good Niskin samples were collected, one each over Castle, Magnesia, Cloud and CASM vents. Another was attempted over Hell vent, but it appears to have pre-tripped sometime during the dive.



Near the end of the cruise, three MTR moorings were deployed. One was at ASHES and two were close to the new lava vent area.

Moorings Deployed Summer of '99

Lat Long UTM X UTM Y

(deployed from Thompson)

99T50 -129.9867 45.9417 423520 5088039

99T49 -129.9867 45.9250 423497 5086188

99T51 -130.0050 45.9300 422083 5086761

(deployed from Wecoma)

99T52 -130.0245 45.9053 420536 5084039

99T53 -130.0142 45.8912 421317 5082455

99V110 -130.0000 460.550 422645 5100644

99V111 -129.9135 45.9493 429201 5088823

99V112 -130.0650 45.9205 417417 5085766

99V113 -130.0017 45.9167 422322 5085276



3.2 NeMO'99 Website and Public Outreach - Nicole Nasby, Greg Pillette, Andra Bobbitt http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/eoi/nemo/

The goal was to create an educational web site that would be for use by students and teachers, primarily at the secondary level. The web site offered daily updates on the cruise and allowed interested individuals to follow the progress of the scientific expedition at Axial Volcano. The site was set up to provide daily updates that included a scientific report on the latest activity. There was also a weekly science summary written by the Chief Scientist. The web site included a daily personal perspective section that highlighted an individual from the scientific party of ship's crew, and a daily log written by the "teacher at sea" Greg Pillette. The last component was an interactive question and answer section so that the public could interact directly with the scientific staff.



Each of these sections was coordinated by Nicole Nasby and relevant digital images were included. They were sent from the ship to HMSC and were added to the web site on a daily bases by Andra Bobbitt in Newport. This material was then presented to the general public at HMSC, each day, by the teacher on shore, Steve Babcock. Feedback and question from the public were sent to the ship to be answered by the scientific staff.



We have received positive feedback from the web site maintained this year as well as the one from NeMO '98. We have heard from teachers who have used last year's site in a classroom situation. Unfortunately classes are not in session at this time, so there is little feedback from teachers and students on the NeMO '99 site at this point, but we did get several questions posted to the web site indicating a positive reaction. As with last year, many of these questions were from family members of science and ROPOS personal.



4 NAVIGATION



4.1 Navigation Overview - Susan Merle and Bill Chadwick

All ROPOS dives were navigated using long-baseline transponder nets with the Seascape navigation software. The navigation computer had three main inputs into Seascape to aid in ROPOS navigation: P-code GPS from the R/V Thomas Thompson, ROV depth data provided by the ROPOS sensor and the PS8000 data from the range meter. Transponders were already in place for the ASHES net and the North Rift Zone (NRZ) net. Deployed last year during NeMO'98, the expendable transponders should have five year lifetimes. The transponders for those two nets only needed to be enabled. A third net, on the South Rift Zone (SRZ), was added with three recoverable transponders. Unfortunately, due to hardware problems with the NOAA PS-8000, the calibration of the SRZ Net was poor and this net was only marginally useful.



Once the cage reached its final depth and ROPOS drove to the seafloor, the cage depth was manually entered into the Seascape program and was held constant, unless the wire out for the cage changed during the dive. The range meter was attached to the top of the cage, was hard-wired to the hydro lab and triggered by Seascape on the navigation computer. Cage and ROV fixes were generally scattered with RMS errors of about 30 meters. Navigation fixes are recorded in latitude/longitude and UTM x/y (in meters) in the log files and were processed by Susan Merle in the IDL programs navedit2 and navedit3 (written by Bill Chadwick).



In 1999 navigation was somewhat less reliable than in 1998. During several dives the 11.0 transponder in the ASHES net was accidentally disabled and this caused the 1999 navigation fixes to be shifted to the west or south of the 1998. Since '98 navigation was more robust, no old vent or marker positions were changed, even if the '99 positions did not agree with those of '98. After the '99 cruise a few of the mysterious navigation problems we had were identified. The NOAA PS-8000 on El Guapo was determined to have a bad microprocessor, which created problems with the SRZ net calibration. Another mystery solved concerned the fact that it seemed that transponder 11.0 in the ASHES net would shut itself off. It was discovered on Bill Chadwick's Cleft cruise in September '99 that the 11.0 had a disable code of C, not B like all the other transponders. This would not have been a problem, if the ROPOS transponder we tried to use, unsuccessfully, had not had an enable code of C. So, we would try to enable the ROPOS transponder, unwittingly disabling the 11.0 transponder in the ASHES net.



The dive plots will be a useful guide to determine navigation gaps, bad navigation, etc. When acoustic nav was not available GPS ship nav was used. Plotted positions are for the reference point, about 37 meters forward of the stern at the GPS antennae.



4.2 FINAL CALIBRATED TRANSPONDER POSITIONS



North Rift Net

Transponder UTM-X (m) UTM-Y (m) Latitude Longitude Depth
9.5 420814.65 5098603.9 46° 02.1857' 130° 01.3988' 1433.9
10.5 422722.92 5097596.31 46° 01.6548' 129° 59.9096' 1395.43
8.0 420055.52 5095969.44 46° 00.7580' 130° 01.9608' 1377.93
7.5 422074.85 5094971.24 46° 00.2330' 130° 00.3862' 1294.46


ASHES Net

Transponder UTM-X (m) UTM-Y (m) Latitude Longitude Depth
11.5 424283.25 5087181.51 45° 56.0418' 129° 58.6011' 1305.4
10.5 424221.58 5084426.79 45° 54.5540' 129° 58.6227' 1340.36
9.5 422490.35 5086188.55 45° 55.4937' 129° 59.9789' 1324.67
11.0 422556.72 5088014.47 45° 56.4800' 129° 59.9453' 1330.85


South Rift Net

Transponder UTM-X (m) UTM-Y (m) Latitude Longitude Depth
10.0 423771 5084021 4554.33 ' 12958.968 ' 1471.69
8.5 421721 5082432 4553.46 ' 1300.54 ' 1401.68
12.5 422134 5084021 4554.324 ' 1300.234 ' 1492.90


4.3 VENTS AND MARKERS LOCATION TABLE
 Vents/Markers Area Longitude Latitude UTM X UTM Y Depth
 Bag City SRZ -129.98926 45.91622 423284 5085214 1534
Bob NRZ -130.01283 46.03892 421629.2 5098870.2 1590
Castle North SRZ -129.97990 45.92613 424022.7 5086305.8 1520
Circ North SRZ -129.98165 45.92592 423887 5086283
Cloud North SRZ -129.98156 45.93335 423904 5087110 1524
Coquille North SRZ -129.99306 45.91753 422991 5085365
Crack ASHES -130.01355 45.93330 421424 5087135 1547
Crevice SRZ -129.99040 45.91110 423175 5084648 1538
Dave's ASHES -130.01377 45.93352 421408.3 5087158.6
Dying North SRZ -129.99185 45.91685 423083.7 5085286.4
Easy North SRZ -129.98472 45.94533 423676.5 5088443.2 1532
Fe-Hyde ASHES -130.01378 45.93298 421406 5087099.7
Gollum ASHES -130.01358 45.93358 421422 5087166.1 1546
Hairdo ASHES -130.01398 45.93350 421390.7 5087156.8 1546
Hell ASHES -130.01423 45.93330 421372 5087135 1544
Hillock/Phoenix ASHES -130.01398 45.93325 421390.9 5087130.4 1544
Inferno ASHES -130.01390 45.93355 421397.2 5087162.2 1547
Joystick SRZ -129.98856 45.91884 423341.5 5085505
Joystick2 SRZ -129.98851 45.91875 423345 5085495
Magnesia North SRZ -129.98493 45.94623 423660.7 5088544.7 1530
Marshmallow ASHES -130.01362 45.93370 421420.4 5087179 1547
Medusa ASHES -130.01393 45.93335 421394.7 5087141.1 1546
Milky North SRZ -129.98475 45.94514 423673 5088424 1527
Minisnow North SRZ -129.98422 45.94262 423711 5088141 1522
Mkr-I ASHES -130.01367 45.93370 421416 5087180
Mkr-108 Vent North SRZ -129.98303 45.92865 423784 5086589 1520
Mkr-108b Vent North SRZ -129.98319 45.92881 423772 5086608 1520
Mkr-113 Vent North SRZ -129.98827 45.92260 423370 5085922 1524
Mkr-2 ASHES -130.01397 45.93330 421392 5087136
Mkr-21 ASHES -130.01358 45.93360 421422 5087168
Mkr-33 Vent North SRZ -129.98225 45.93327 423850.3 5087101.1 1524
Mkr-36 SRZ -129.98161 45.93437 423284 5085214
Mkr-42 Joystick -129.98856 45.91884 423341.5 5085505
Mkr-D ASHES -130.01393 45.93325 421399 5087129
Mkr-L ASHES -130.01432 45.93333 421365 5087140
Mkr-N1 North SRZ -129.98408 45.93980 423718 5087828 1521
Mkr-N2 North SRZ -129.98475 45.94514 423673 5088424
Mkr-N3 North SRZ -129.98520 45.94380 423637 5088278
Mkr-N4 North SRZ -129.98167 45.93342 423896 5087119 1523
Mkr-N41 North SRZ -129.98138 45.93622 423922.4 5087428.2 1520
Mkr-N44 North SRZ -129.98483 45.93947 423658 5087792
Mkr-N5 (Flattop) North SRZ -129.97960 45.92610 424043 5086306 1516
Mkr-N6 North SRZ -129.98160 45.93340 423901.4 5087116 1524
Mkr-N7 North SRZ -129.98190 45.93930 423886 5087774 1520
Mkr-N8 North SRZ -129.98190 45.93320 423877 5087088
Mkr-N9 North SRZ -129.98423 45.94260 423710 5088141 1522
Mushroom ASHES -130.01380 45.93360 421405.3 5087167.9 1548
Nascent North SRZ -129.98152 45.93577 423911 5087378 1520
Old Flow North SRZ -129.98170 45.93645 423897.5 5087454.7 1534
Old Worms North SRZ -129.98331 45.94510 423785 5088418 1528
Ouzo North SRZ -129.98468 45.94582 423679.6 5088496.8 1526
Oxide North SRZ -129.98508 45.94545 423647.9 5088456.4 1543
Pillar North SRZ -129.98542 45.92270 423591 5085929.1
Porkchop ASHES -130.01422 45.93332 421373 5087136 1547
Roof North SRZ -129.98448 45.94250 423689.8 5088129.1 1523
ROPOS ASHES -130.01405 45.93328 421386.1 5087134.1 1547
Snail North SRZ -129.98188 45.93317 423878.6 5087089.7 1525
Snow North SRZ -129.98245 45.92712 423827 5086417
Snow Blower North SRZ -129.98407 45.93987 423719 5087835 1521
Steve Mound ASHES -130.01342 45.93325 4214348 5087128.6
Styx ASHES -130.01370 45.93328 421412.2 5087132.2
The Pit North SRZ -129.98408 45.93975 423718.2 5087823.2 1521
Tombstone ASHES -130.01133 45.92948 421590 5086597
Tunnicliff ASHES -130.01582 45.93367 421248.7 5087178 1544
Virgins Daughter ASHES -130.01340 45.93375 421436 5087184
Virgin ASHES -130.01348 45.93365 421430 5087174 1547
White ASHES -130.01363 45.93373 421419 5087182.9
91Vent NRZ -130.01242 46.03860 421661.4 5098834.3
Shepherd CASM -130.02668 45.98990 420486.4 5093373.6 1583
South Casm CASM -130.02625 45.98870 420518.6 5093304.6 1583 


5 NeMO OPERATIONS



5.1 1998 Dive Dates and Locations

ROPOS Dives R460 - R480



  Dive # Date Location
R460 JD 240-241

Aug 28-29

SE Caldera SRZ:

Mkrs N3, 33; Milky, The Pit, Cloud Vents

R461 JD 241-243

Aug 29-31

SE Caldera SRZ:

Rumbleometer; Mkrs 108,33,113; Cloud, Sulfide, Castle, Circular Vents

R462 JD 243 - 244

Aug 31 - Sept 1

SE Caldera SRZ:

Mkr-33, Cloud Vent

R463 JD 244 - 245

Sept 1 - 2

SE Caldera SRZ:

Easy, Milky Vents; (+ Imagenex survey)

R464 JD 245

Sept 2

SE Caldera SRZ:

Oxide, MiniSnow, The Pit, Snail, Mkr-108, Mkr-113, Castle Vents

R465 JD 246

Sept 3

South Rift Zone:

reconnaissance survey

R466 JD 247

Sept 4

ASHES:

Hell, ROPOS, Hillock/Phoenix, Hairdo and Inferno Vents

R467 JD 248 - 249

Sept 5 - 6

North Rift Zone:

Extensometers; Bob Vent: (+Imagenex survey)

R468 JD 250

Sept 7

ASHES:

Gollum, Hell, ROPOS, Hillock/Phoenix, Crack Vents

R469 JD 250 - 251

Sept 7 - 8

ASHES:

Medusa, Mushroom, Marshmallow, Gollum, Daves Styx and Fe-Hyde Vents; (+Imagenex survey)

R470 JD 251

Sept 8

North Rift Zone:

Extensometers

R471 JD 252

Sept 9

ASHES:

Gollum, Mushroom, White, Inferno, Hell Vents

R472 JD 252

Sept 9

ASHES:

Steve Mound, Hell, Phoenix, Medusa, Inferno Vents

R473 JD 253 - 254

Sept 10 - 11

SE Caldera SRZ:

Easy, Milky, Roof, The Pit, Snowblower, Mkr-33, Mkr-108, Cloud, Castle Vents; (+Imagenex survey)

R474 JD 255

Sept 12

SE Caldera SRZ:

The Pit, Milky Vents; Rumbleometer; Lava Flow Mapping Traverses

R475 Dive aborted
R476 JD 256 - 257

Sept 13 - 14

SE Caldera SRZ:

Magnesia, Easy, Old Worms, Milky Vents;

Lava flow traverses; (+ Imagenex survey)

R477 JD 258

Sept 15

SE Caldera SRZ:

Rumbleometer; Mkr-33 Vent

R478 JD 258

Sept 15

SE Caldera SRZ:

Mkr-33, Mkr-n4, Cloud, Nascent Vents

R479 JD 259 - 260

Sept 16 - 17

Northern traverse along caldera wall:

ASHES:

Hell, Virgin, Mushroom, Medusa, Inferno Vents; (+Imagenex survey)

R480 JD 261 - 262

Sept 18 - 19

North Rift Zone and Northern Caldera Wall:

Extensometers; CASM (Shepherd?) Vent







5.2 1999 Dive Dates, Locations and Tasks

ROPOS Dives R482 - R503

 Dive # Launch time Recovery time Dive Time (in the water) Bottom Time  NeMO 1999 Dive Locations and Tasks
R482 (6-22) JD173 - JD173 - 1530 1 hr 13 min 0 hr Didn't get to the bottom. Aborted at 400 m - fluid sampler not communicating
R483 (6-23) JD174 - 1000 JD174 - 1925 9 hr 25 min 7 hr 42 min Mkr-33 - 10 Samples: Suction, bio, gastights. Recovered Bactraps MTR and Osmo deployed in '98. Deployed 2 Fe OsmoAnalyzers. (Dive aborted, kink in tether).
R484 (6-24) JD175 - JD175 - 2023 10 hr 8 min 6 hr 30 min Mkr-33, Cloud Vent - 5 Samples: Suction, bio. Recovered MTR at Cloud and Time Lapse Camera at Mkr-33, both deployed in '98. (Dive, lost hydraulic fluid)
R485 (6-25) JD176 - 0700 JD176 - 1330 6 hr 30 min 1 hr Mkr-33 - 6 HFS Samples. This was the 2-part dive that we didn't change the Dive number for, even though Ropos came to the surface, therefore only 1 hour of bottom time. (Dive aborted, oil resevoir empty)
R486 (6-26) JD177 - JD176 - 0535 2 hr 32 min 0 hr Didn't get to bottom. (Dive aborted, hydraulic failure)
R487 (6-26) JD177 - 1531 JD177 - 1935 4 hr 4 min 2 hr 30 min Mkr-33, Cloud Vent - 15 Samples: HFS, gastight. Hydraulic fluid levels low, ROPOS went back to the cage and was pulled from Mkr-33 to Cloud by the ship. Did several HFS fluid samples of the plume in this fashion.
R488 (6-27) JD178 - 0428 JD179 - 0145 21 hr 17min 18 hr 30 min Mkr-33, Cloud, Snail, Nascent, MiniSnow, Mkr-N3,Milky, Magnesia, Imagenex - 33 Samples: HFS, suction, gastights. (Dive aborted, hydraulic oil pressure lost)
R489 (6-29) JD180 - 0620 JD180 - 0756 1hr 36 min 0 Didn't get to bottom
R490 (6-29) JD180 - 1945 JD180 - 2016 31 min 0 Didn't get to bottom. El Guapo was still plugged in after calibration, therefore transponders were not responding. (Dive aborted, navigation problem)
R491 (6-30) JD181 - 0145 JD182 - 1914 41 hr 29 min 38 hr 55 min Mkr-33, Cloud, Nascent, Old Flow, Old Worms, Magnesia, Imagenex - 28 Samples: Suction, bio, gastight, rocks. Video/photo survey of Cloud, Deployed BioOsmo Mkr-33, MTR & Vemco Mkr-N6, MTR Mkr-N41. Recovered MTR Nascent, bactraps Mkr-N4. (Dive finished)
R492 (7-2) JD183 - 0855 JD183 - 2324 14 hr 29 min 11 hr 18 min Joystick, Coquilles, Bag City - 14 Samples: Suction, Rocks, gastight, bio. Geology reconnaissance dive of '98 lava flow, south of area surveyed in '98. Eastern and western extents surveyed. Elevator recovered. (Dive ended to recover the elevator)
R493 (7-3) JD184 - 0635 -on btm JD184 - 1158 5 hr 23 min 2 hr 13 min Extension of Dive R492 - 2 Samples: rocks. Didn't go to any vents. (Dive aborted, lost telemetry, snap-loading on umbilical)
R494 (7-4) JD185 - 0227 JD185 - 1930 17 hr 2 min 14 hr 11 min Started south of SeaBeam anomaly, moving north to map limits of ,98 lava flow. Samples: 7 rock samples, bio, suction. No acoustic nav this dive - south net not working with north net. Fissure discovered! (Dive aborted, lost telemetry)
R495 (7-5) JD186 - 0330 JD187 - 0158 22 hr 28 min 21 hr Mkr-33, Mkr-109, Mkr-113, Castle, Joystick, Coquilles, Bag City, Fissure on SRZ - 37 Samples: HFS, Suction, gastight, sulfides, nisken.
     Recovered Vemco and deployed Osmo at Mkr-33. Geological traverse of SRZ. (Dive aborted, telemetry problems)
R496 (7-6) JD187 - 1820 JD188 - 1705 22 hr 45 min 19 hr 18 min Mkr-113, Rumbleometer freed from lava, Imagenex - 4 Samples: Bactraps, biology, rumbleometer. Recovered bactraps at Mkr-113, bio sample at Mkr-113, rock chips from rumbleometer. (Dive ended normally)
R497 (7-8) JD189 - 0010 JD189 - 1939 19 hr 29 min 10 hr 9 min Extensometers at NRZ, CASM - 21 Samples: suction, sulfide, bio, gtb. Elevator was recovered. At CASM collected 17 samples, VEMCO, hobo probes. One extensometer placed in elevator. (Dive aborted, sub lost power)
R498 (7-8) JD189 - 2215 JD190 - 0349 5 hr 39 min 3 hr 34 min Extensometer Recovery on NRZ - 3 remaining extensometers deployed in 98 were placed in elevator and all four were recovered. (Normal end of dive)
R499 (7-9) JD190 - 1509 JD190 - 2100 5 hr 51 min 4 hr 4 min Magnesia, Old Worms - 6 Samples: HFS, niskin. Also deployed osmosampler at Magnesia. (Dive aborted, Leak in HFS followed by hydraulic leak in ROPOS)
R500 (7-9) JD190 - 2314 JD191 - 1440 15 hr 26 min 13 hr 20 min Old Worms, FeO, Mkr-N41, Cloud, Mkr-33, Imagenex - 25 samples: HFS, suction gtb, niskin. Video mapping of Cloud. (Normal end of dive)
R501 (7-10) JD191 - 2140 JD192 - 1711 19 hr 31 min 14 hr 14 min Mkr-33, Crevice Vent ,and geologic traverse - 17 Samples: 13 rocks, suction, bio, Niskin. Deployed TLC at Mkr-33. (Normal end of dive)
R502 (7-12) JD193 - 0030 JD193 - 1520 14 hr 50 min 12 hr 17 min ASHES - 38 Samples: HFS, suction, gtb, niskin. Recovered HOBO at Hell and deployed one. Retrieved MTR at Gollum. Also recovered HOBO at Inferno. (Normal end of dive)
R503 (7-12) JD193 - 2015 JD194 - 0150 5 hr 35 min 3 hr ASHES - 3 Samples: bactraps and 2 hobos. Osmosampler deployed and melted at Inferno, Hobo deployed at Inferno and Virgin. Bactraps recovered and deployed at Gollum. Hobo recovered at Inferno. (Dive ended due to weather)




5.3 Experiments Deployed and Recovered - 1998 and 1999

Vent/Marker Experiment/Instrument Dive Deployed Dive Recovered
Mkr-33 MTR 4130 R461 R483
Mkr-33 BacTrps#9&12 R462 R483
Mkr-33 OsmoSampler R477 R483
Mkr-33 Time Lapse Camera R478 R484
Mkr-33 BacTrps#40,41,42,43 R484 R491 (40, 43)
Mkr-33 Grn&Cu OsmoSampler R483 n/a *
Mkr-33 2 Fe OsmoAnalyzers R483 R491
Mkr-33 BioOsmoSampler R491 n/a *
Mkr-33 OsmoAnalyzer R495 n/a *
Mkr-33 Time Lapse Camera R501 n/a *
Mkr-113 VEMCO Alvin 3245(deployed) R461(repositioned) R495
Mkr-113 BacTrap#4 R461 n/a *
Mkr-113 BacTraps#19,20,21 R464 R496 (20,21)
Mkr-N2 Milky OsmoSampler R474 99 dive#?
Mkr-N2 Milky BacTrap#35 R476 n/a *
Mkr-N4 Cloud BacTraps#14,15 R462 R484
Mkr-N4 Cloud BacTraps#36,37,38,39 R484 R491
Mkr-N4 Cloud MTR 0942 R461 R484
Mkr-N6 Cloud MTR 3157 & VEMCO 1108 (taped together) R491 n/a *
Mkr-N41 MTR 4126 R474 R491
Mkr-N41 MTR 3041 ? R491 n/a *
Bag City Vent MTR R495 n/a *
Castle Vent BacTraps#22,23,24 R464 n/a *
Crack Vent VEMCO Alvin 3245(deployed) R461(repositioned) n/a *
Easy Vent BacTrap#17 R463 n/a *
Gollum Vent MTR 4128 R471 R502
Gollum Vent BacTrap #45 R503 n/a *
Gollum Vent BacTraps#32,33,34 R471 R503 (2 -#'s?)
Hell Vent Hobo R502 n/a *
Hell Vent Hobo 98 dive #? on osmo 502
Hillock/Phoenix BacTraps#25,26 R466 n/a *
Inferno Vent Hobo 128 R503 n/a *
Inferno Vent Osmosampler (didn't work) R503 n/a *
Inferno Vent HOBO 137 Alvin 3245 R502
Inferno Vent VEMCO 98-223 Alvin 3245 n/a *
Magnesia OsmoSampler R499 n/a *
Milky Vent BacTrap#35 98 dive #? n/a *
Mushroom Vent BacTraps#29,30,31 R471 n/a *
Nascent Vent MTR 4108 R478 R491
Nascent Vent MTR 3175 R491 n/a *
ROPOS Vent BacTrps#27,28 R466 n/a *
Shepherd Vent CASM VEMCO 98-1113-214 R480 R497
Virgin Vent Hobo 130 R503 n/a *
Virgin Vent HOBO 129 Alvin3246 R503
T&S Spires CASM HOBO 130 R480 R497
T&S Spires CASM MTR 3017 R497 n/a *
* non applicable - experiment not recovered yet.












5.4 1999 ROPOS Samples - Dives R483 - R503

   Dive R483 SAMPLES
 Sample Vent Mkr Long Lat UTM X UTM Y UTCTime Description Investigator Subsamp
SS-j1_dfl_R483-1 Mkr-33 V 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 1257 Fluid over tube worms - for about 1h Tunnicliffe/Marcus
  SS-j2_bio_R483-2 Mkr-33 V 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 1423 polynoids - gastros - rock Juniper/Levesque Levesque/ Perfit
Bactrp_R483-3 Mkr-33 V 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 1515 Bacteria trap #9 retrieved - rock Moyer Tunnicliffe/Marcus/
SS-j3_bio-R483-4 Mkr-33 V 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 15:43 suction stopped - maybe nothing in sample - rock Juniper/Levesque Perfit
Bactrp_R483-5 Mkr-33 V 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 15:48 Bacteria trap #12 retrieved - rock Moyer Tunnicliffe/Marcus/
Bio_R483-6 Mkr-33 V 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 16:10 Tube worm grab Marcus McHugh /Levesque
Gtb-6_R483-7 Mkr-33 V 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 16:38 Gas tight bottles #6 fired Evans Butterfield /Lilley
Gtb-7_R483-8 Mkr-33 V 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 16:38 GTB #7 fired Evans Butterfield/ Lilley
MTR_R483-9 Mkr-33 V 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 16:50 MTR#4130 recovered Embley Butterfield/ Lilley
Osmo_R483-10 Mkr-33 V 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 18:03 1998 osmosampler recovered Chapin
   Mkr-33 V 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 Deployed Green & Copper OsmoSampler Chapin
   Mkr-33 V 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 Deployed 2 Fe OsmoAnalyzers Chapin
        Dive R484 SAMPLES
 Sample Vent Mkr Long Lat UTM X UTM Y Time Description Investigator Subsamples
SS_mat_R484-1 Mkr-33 V 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 1155 Bacterial mat - rock Moyer Feely/Huber/ Perfit
Bio_R484-2 Mkr-33 V 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 1234 Crab Juniper
Bactrp_R484-3 Cloud N4 -129.9817 45.9334 423896 5087119 1414 Bacterial trap #14, deployed in 1998 Moyer
MTR_R484-4 Cloud N4 -129.9817 45.9334 423896 5087119 1425 MTR #0942, deployed in 1998 Embley
Bactrp_R484-5 Cloud N4 -129.9817 45.9334 423896 5087119 1430 Bacterial trap #15, deployed in 1998 Moyer
TLC_R484-6 Mkr-33 V 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 1155 Time Lapse Camera, deployed in 1998 Tunnicliffe
   Mkr-33 V 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 Deployed bactraps # 40 - 43 Moyer
   Cloud N4 -129.9817 45.9334 423896 5087119 Deployed bactraps # 36 - 39 Moyer
       Dive R485 SAMPLES
   Sample Vent Mkr Long Lat UTM X UTM Y Time Description Investigator Subsamples
HFS2_dfl_R485-1 Mkr 33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 11:17 Filtered diffuse flow for XRF -T1=55 T2=37 to 49 - 566ml Butterfield Gendron
HFS23_dfl_R485-2 Mkr 33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 11:23 Gas piston of diffuse flow for gases - T1=53 T2=42-50 - 113ml Evans Butterfield/ Lilley
HFS12_dfl_R485-3 Mkr 33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 11:26 Filtered diffuse flow for DNA - T1=49 T2=37 Tmax=54.6 -1223ml Huber
  HFS14_dfl_R485-4 Mkr 33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 11:35 Bag with filter of diffuse flow. Tmax=48.8 1110ml Butterfield Graham
HFS17_dfl_R485-5 Mkr 33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 11:43 Bag sample without filter. Tmax=48.8 Butterfield Huber/ Graham/ Levesque
HFS_dfl_R485-6 Mkr 33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 Sample interrupted. Dive aborted
       Dive R487 SAMPLES
   Sample Vent Mkr Long Lat UTM X UTM Y Time Description Investigator Subsamples
HFS-12_plume

_R487-1

Mkr 33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 17:18 Depth 1476m - Plume particles visible - DNA - 1502 ml Butterfield/ Huber  
HFS-15_plume

_R487-2

Mkr 33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 17:34 Depth 1476m - Plume particles visible - Lipids -1050 ml Butterfield/ Huber
  HFS-17_plume

_R487-3

Mkr 33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 17:45 Bag sample - no filter - plume particles visible - mirco & chem - 650 ml Butterfield /Huber/
  HFS-19_plume

_R487-4

Mkr 33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 17:52 Bag sample-with filter -plume particles visible - mirco & chem - 675 ml Butterfield/ Graham
  HFS-16_plume

_R487-5

Mkr 33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 17:59 Bag sample without filter - 598 ml Butterfield/ Huber/
  HFS-3_plume

_R487-6

Mkr 33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 18:07 Filter for Sulfur - 1300 ml Butterfield
  GTB_plume

_R487-7

Cloud   -129.9816 45.9334 423904 5087109 18:47 port gastight #6 - 160 ml Evans Butterfield/ Lilley
HFS-23_plume

_R487-8

Cloud   -129.9816 45.9334 423904 5087109 18:49 gas piston - 170 ml Evans Butterfield/ Lilley
HFS-20_plume

_R487-9

Cloud   -129.9816 45.9334 423904 5087109 18:53 piston - 730 ml Butterfield/ Huber/
  HFS-21_plume

_R487-10

Cloud   -129.9816 45.9334 423904 5087109 19:01 filter sulfur - 730 ml Butterfield/ Huber
  HFS-22_plume

_R487-11

Cloud   -129.9816 45.9334 423904 5087109 19:11 piston - 730ml Butterfield/ Huber/
  HFS-18_plume

_R487-12

Cloud   -129.9816 45.9334 423904 5087109 19:18 Bag sample with filter - 600ml Butterfield
  HFS-7_plume

_R487-13

Cloud   -129.9816 45.9334 423904 5087109 19:25 Filter for XRF - 411 ml Butterfield/ Gendron
  HFS-2_plume

_R487-14

Cloud   -129.9816 45.9334 423904 5087109 19:29 Filter for XRF - 423ml Butterfield/ Gendron
  HFS-11_plume

_R487-15

Cloud   -129.9816 45.9334 423904 5087109 19:37 Bag with filter - integrated sample - stop at 1338 ml Gendron/ Graham
       Dive R488 SAMPLES
   Sample Vent Mkr Long Lat UTM X UTM Y Time Description Investigator Subsamples
HFS-14_dfl_R488-1 Mkr 33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 6:28 Bag with filter T=65-70 Tmax=70.4. 655 ml Butterfield Graham
HFS-6_dfl_R488-2 Mkr 33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 6:35 Filter#6 - Tmax=73.2 - 1 liter Huber
  HFS-15_dfl_R488-3 Mkr 33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 6:50 Lipid filter#15 at 0.45um - Tmax=78 1.5 liters Huber
  GTB-7_dfl_R488-4 Mkr 33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 7:06 Stbd gas Tight - T=68.8 Evans Butterfield/ Lilley
SS-J1_bio_R488-5 Mkr33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 7:15 Palm worms - rock Juniper/ Levesque Perfit/ Marcus
SS-3_mat_R488-6 Mkr33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 7:53 Jar#3 - bacterial mat in the crack - rock Moyer Perfit/ Marcus/
SS-J4_bio_R488-7 Snail N8 -129.9819 45.9332 423879 5087090 8:39 Jar#4 - snails - Tmax=13 Marcus Levesque
HFS-7_dfl_R488-8 Cloud N4 -129.9816 45.9334 423901 5087111 9:44 Bag#17 no filter - Tmax=18.7 700 ml - DIDN'T WORK Butterfield/ Huber/
  HFS-22_dfl_R488-9 Cloud N6 -129.9816 45.9334 423901 5087111 10:19 Piston#22 - Tmax=20.3 615 ml Butterfield/ Huber/ Levesque
HFS-24_dfl

_R488-10

Cloud N6 -129.9816 45.9334 423901 5087111 10:25 Gas piston#24 - Tmax=20.3 130 ml Evans Butterfield/ Lilley
HFS-3_dfl

_R488-11

Cloud N6 -129.9816 45.9334 423901 5087111 10:28 Bottle#3 filter - Tmax=20.2 672 ml Gendron
  GTB-2_dfl

_R488-12

Cloud N6 -129.9816 45.9334 423901 5087111 10:39 Port gas tight - T=20.3 Evans Butterfield/ Lilley
HFS-7_dfl

_R488-13

Cloud N6 -129.9816 45.9334 423901 5087111 10:42 Filter#7 for sulfur - Tmax=20.4 Butterfield
  SS-J3_dfl

_R488-14

Cloud N4 -129.9818 45.9334 423888 5087111 11:22 Jar#3 - fauna - snails mat and scale worms Levesque/Marcus
  SS-1_dfl

_R488-15

Cloud N4 -129.9818 45.9334 423888 5087111 11:32 Jar#1 - bacterial mat and rock Moyer Perfit/ Marcus
SS-4_dfl

_R488-16

Cloud N4 -129.9818 45.9334 423888 5087111 12:25 Flushing bottle - worms and other fauna Marcus/

Levesque/ Tsurumi

Perfit
SS-2_dfl_

R488-17

Cloud N6 -129.9816 45.9334 423901 5087111 12:48 Jar#2 - particulates Levesque
  HFS-11_dfl

_R488-18

Nascent   -129.9815 45.9358 423911 5087378 13:55 Bag with filter - at MTR 4108. Tave=10-11 Tmax=15.5 Butterfield
  HFS-18_dfl

_R488-19

MiniSnow N9 -129.9842 45.9426 423710 5088141 15:43 Bottle#18 - varying temp Tmax=4 720 ml Butterfield
  HFS-20_dfl

_R488-20

n/a N3 -129.9852 45.9438 423637 5088278 16:16 Piston#20 - Tmax=16 650 ml Butterfield/ Huber/
  HFS-2_dfl

_R488-21

n/a N3 -129.9852 45.9438 423637 5088278 16:26 Filter#2 for XRF - Tmax=17.3 800 ml Gendron
  HFS-5_dfl

_R488-22

n/a N3 -129.9852 45.9438 423637 5088278 16:37 Gas Piston #5 - Tmax=16.5 112 ml Evans Butterfield/ Lilley
HFS-19_dfl

_R488-23

Milky N2 -129.9847 45.9451 423679 5088420 17:36 Bag#19 with filter Tmax=3.4 700 ml Butterfield/ Graham
  HFS-16_dfl

_R488-24

Ouzo   -129.9847 45.9458 423680 5088497 18:37 Bag without filter - Tmax=3.5 in sample T=3.8 degrees before sample Butterfield
  HFS-23_dfl

_R488-25

Magnesia   -129.9849 45.9461 423665 5088526 19:52 Piston#23 - Tave=4 Tmax=5.6 full piston, oops Butterfield/

Evans/

  HFS-12_dfl

_R488-26

Magnesia   -129.9849 45.9461 423665 5088526 20:02 DNA filter set, Tmax=5.1 1020 ml Huber
  HFS-9_dfl

_R488-27

Magnesia   -129.9849 45.9461 423665 5088526 20:12 Bag#9 with POC filter Tmax=4.3 681 ml Butterfield
  HFS-1_dfl

_R488-28

Magnesia   -129.9849 45.9461 423665 5088526 20:19 Filter#1 for FISH - Tmax=5.1 1005 ml Huber
  HFS-10_dfl

_R488-29

Magnesia   -129.9849 45.9461 423665 5088526 20:30 Filter for lsulfur - T=4.8 820 ml Butterfield
  HFS-21_dfl

_R488-30

Magnesia   -129.9849 45.9461 423665 5088526 Filter#21 0.45 micron lipids filter - Tmax=5.0 1542 ml Huber
  HFS-4_dfl

_R488-31

Magnesia   -129.9849 45.9461 423665 5088526 20:56 Piston#4 - Tmax=4 Butterfield/

Huber

  HFS-13_dfl

_R488-32

Magnesia   -129.9849 45.9461 423665 5088526 21:04 DNA filter set#13 - Tmax=4.9 1789 ml Huber
  SS-j2_dfl

_R488-33

Magnesia   -129.9849 45.9461 423665 5088526 21:26 Jar#2 - floc Juniper/ Levesque
       Dive R491 SAMPLES
   Sample Vent Mkr Long Lat UTM X UTM Y Time Description Investigator Subsamples
Osmo_R491-1 Mkr-33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 4:43 FeOsmoAnalyzer#1 to elevator - deployed Dive R483 Chapin
  Bactrp-40_R491-2 Mkr-33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 4:54 Deployed on Dive R484 Moyer
  Bactrp-43_R491-3 Mkr-33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 4:55 Deployed Dive R484 Moyer
  Osmo-R491-4 Mkr-33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 5:19 FeOsmoAnalyzer#2 to elevator - deployed Dive R483 Chapin
  SS-j1_bio_R491-5 Mkr-33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 6:01 3 meters from Mkr-33 crack - limpets snails and mat Levesque Marcus
GTB-6_dfl_R491-6 Cloud N6 -129.9816 45.9334 423901 5087111 6:56 Gastight in hole - very vigorous flow - previously measured T=20.3 Evans Butterfield/ Lilley
SS-1_mat_R491-07 Coud N6 -129.9816 45.9334 423901 5087111 7:17 microbial mat Moyer
  Bactrp-36_R491-08 Cloud N4 -129.9818 45.9334 423888 5087111 7:42 Deployed Dive R484 Moyer
  Bactrp-37_R491-09 Cloud N4 -129.9818 45.9334 423888 5087111 7:48 Deployed Dive R484 Moyer
  Bactrp-39_R491-10 Cloud N4 -129.9818 45.9334 423888 5087111 7:51 Deployed Dive R484 Moyer
  Bactrp-38_R491-11 Cloud N4 -129.9818 45.9334 423888 5087111 7:54 Deployed Dive R484 Moyer
  GTB-7_dfl_R491-12 Nascent   -129.9815 45.9358 423911 5087378 10:08 Gastight fired near MTR Evans Butterfield/ Lilley
SS-j3_bio_R491-13 Nascent   -129.9815 45.9358 423911 5087378 10:13 Over tube worm bush - gastropods and other little animals Tunnicliffe
  SS-j4_bio_R491-14 Nascent   -129.9815 45.9358 423911 5087378 10:48 Gastropods and other small animals near MTR Juniper/

Levesque

Marcus
MTR-4180

_R491-15

Nascent   -129.9815 45.9358 423911 5087378 11:12 MTR deployed 1998 Dive R478 Embley
  Bio_R491-16 Nascent   -129.9815 45.9358 423911 5087378 11:16 Four tube worm grabs in diffuse flow Levesque/

Marcus

  MTR-4126

_dfl_R491-17

  N41 -129.9814 45.9362 423922 5087428 12:46 Deployed 1998 Dive R474 Embley
  Bio_R491-18   N41 -129.9814 45.9362 423922 5087428 12:55 Tube worm grab in diffuse flow Marcus
  SS-j2_FeO

_R491-19a

not at vent   -129.9816 45.9344 423899 5087414 13:41 FeO sample + white tentacled bacteria Scott
  SS-j2-FeO

_R491-19b

not at vent   -129.9816 45.9344 423899 5087414 14:00 FeO and white tentacled bacterial mat - switched from jar2 to jar4 - wasn't Scott
  Bio_R491-20 Old Flow   -129.9817 45.9364 423898 5087455 14:34 Tube worm grab in diffuse flow - worms look dead or at least not very Tsurumi
  Rck_R491-21 Old Flow   -129.9817 45.9364 423898 5087455 15:15 Shell of hollow lobate rock with about 10cm crust - in area of diffuse flow on Perfit Scott
Rck_R491-22 not at vent   -129.9816 45.9344 423902 5087224 16:11 New lava flow sample from roof structure about 100m away from Perfit
  Bio_R491-23 Old Worms   -129.9833 45.9451 423785 5088418 5:10 Tube worm grab in diffuse flow on old lava - also sampled small rock Levesque
  Bio_R491-24 Old Worms   -129.9833 45.9451 423785 5088418 5:30 Tube worm grab in diffuse flow on old lava Tsurumi
  Rck_R491-25 Old Worms   -129.9833 45.9451 423785 5088418 5:40 Rock sample in diffuse flow on sedimented old lava - a couple of rocks Perfit
  SS-2_mat

_R491-26

Magnesia   -129.9849 45.9462 423661 5088545 8:18 White and orange mat (bacterial and sulfur) Moyer Huber
SS-3_mat

_R491-27

Magnesia   -129.9849 45.9462 423661 5088545 8:31 White and orange mat (bacterial and sulfur) Moyer
  SS-4_FeO

_R491-28

n/a   -129.9816 45.9344 423902 5087224 9:21 Sampled earlier at Oxide - in flushing bottle Scott
   Cloud N6 -129.9816 45.9334 423901 5087111 Deployed VEMCO 1108 & MTR3157 (taped together) Embley
   Nascent   -129.9815 45.9358 423911 5087378 12:25 Deployed MTR 3175 Embley
   n/a N41 -129.9814 45.9362 423922 5087428 13:03 Deployed MTR 3041 Embley
   Mkr-33 V 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101   Deployed BioOsmoSampler Chapin
       Dive R492 SAMPLES
   Sample Vent Mkr Long Lat UTM X UTM Y Time Description Investigator Subsamples
SS-j1_bio_R492-1 Joystick 42 -129.9886 45.9188 423342 5085505 1351 Tube worms - bag creatures - nemartean? - and other fauna on a rock Marcus
  Rck_492-2 Joystick 42 -129.9886 45.9188 423342 5085505 14:50 Orange oxidized rock - few meters southwest of Mkr-42 - rock corer Perfit
  SS-6_mat_R492-3 Joystick 42 -129.9886 45.9188 423342 5085505 15:04 Bacterial mat and bag creatures Moyer
  SS-8_mat_R492-4 Joystick 42 -129.9886 45.9188 423342 5085505 15:24 Suction of white filamentous material off rock Moyer
  SS-7_bio_R492-5 Coquilles   -129.9931 45.9175 422991 5085365 16:48 Clams - holothurians - background fauna Levesque
  Bio_R492-6 Coquilles   -129.9931 45.9175 422991 5085365 17:28 Tube worm bush containing lots of other organisms Tsurumi Levesque
SS-j4_bio_R492-7 Coquilles   -129.9931 45.9175 422991 5085365 17:46 Sample in middle of tube worm bush for small animals Levesque
  Rck_R492-8 near Dying   -129.9919 45.9168 423080 5085277 18:36 New lobate flow sample at contact - 7 function arm Perfit
  Rck_R492-9 near Dying   -129.9919 45.9168 423080 5085277 18:43 Old flow sample at same contact point - rock corer Perfit
  Bio_R492-10 Bag City   -129.9816 45.9344 423284 5085214 19:49 Tube worm grab Marcus McHugh
GTB-2_dfl

_R492-11

Bag City   -129.9816 45.9344 423284 5085214 20:13 Gastight at site where tube worms were sampled Evans Butterfield/ Lilley
SS-j3_dfl_R492-12 Bag City   -129.9816 45.9344 423284 5085214 20:17 Suction diffuse flow - same site - T=22 Butterfield Huber
SS-4_FeO_R492-13 Bag City   -129.9816 45.9344 423284 5085214 20:30 Iron oxides (red) sample in flush bottle Scott
  Rck_R492-14 near Bag City   -129.9893 45.9162 423281 5085209 21:28 Lava rubble on old flow in area of old and new lava - over 200m southeast of Perfit
      Dive R493 SAMPLES
   Sample Vent Mkr Long Lat UTM X UTM Y Time Description Investigator Subsamp
Rck_R493-1 n/a n/a -129.9944 45.9134 422880 5084908 7:38 Few pieces of old lava at contact - rock corer -ContactW5 Perfit
  Rck_R493-2 n/a n/a -129.9942 45.9135 422899 5084917 7:57 piece of drip structure - new lava flow - 7 function arm Perfit
      Dive R494 SAMPLES (position at GPS antennae on ship - no acoustic
   Sample Vent Mkr Long Lat UTM X UTM Y Time Description Investigator Subsamples
Rck_R494-1 n/a n/a -130.0042 45.8583 422042 5078796 4:30 Old folded sheets - depth 1723 - rock corer (purple) Perfit
  SS-j2_R494-2 n/a n/a -130.0042 45.8583 422042 5078796 5:00 Thin yellowish pelagic or hydrothermal sediment on top of lobate - brittle stars - Juniper
  Rck_R494-3 n/a n/a -130.0037 45.8621 422087 5079221 5:50 Piece of thick sheet flow slab at fissure - about 10cm wide - reddish staining Perfit
  Rck_R494-4 n/a n/a -130.0041 45.8624 422056 5079244 6:15 Rock from bottom of fissure - glassy new flow - end of lava tube - 7 function Perfit
  Rck_R494-5 n/a n/a -130.0041 45.8624 422056 5079244 6:25 Second rock sample from same spot - glassy new flow - 7 function arm Embley Perfit
Rck_R494-6 n/a n/a -130.0041 45.8624 422056 5079244 6:30 Third rock - old slab - only got small piece of glassy top of sheet flow - depth Perfit
  Bio_R494-7 n/a n/a -129.9992 45.8772 422455 5080891 10:51 Crab leg - depth 1702m Juniper
  Rck_R494-8 n/a n/a -129.9958 45.8782 422727 5080994 11:29 Small piece of new flow at east contact Perfit
   Rck_R494-9 n/a n/a -129.9929 45.8894 422965 5082238 14:20 Sample from jumbled new lava - rock corer (black stripes) Perfit
      Dive R495 SAMPLES
   Sample Vent Mkr Long Lat UTM X UTM Y Time Description Investigator Sub-samps
HFS-17_dfl_R495-1   108b -129.9832 45.9288 423772 5086608 8:09 Unfiltered bag #17 - diffuse venting at base of pillar - Tmax=13.6 - 500 ml Butterfield/ Huber/
  HFS-5_dfl_R495-2   108b -129.9832 45.9288 423772 5086608 8:16 Gas piston - Tave=13.2 - 125 ml Evans Butterfield/ Lilley
HFS-10-dfl-R495-3   108b -129.9832 45.9288 423772 5086608 8:18 filtered bag for xrf - 0.45 um - Tmax=13.3 - 600 ml Gendron
  SS-j1_sed_R495-4 near Mkr-108   -129.9834 45.9283 423759 5086555 8:50 Sediment sample of diatom mat near Mkr 108 Tunnicliffe
  SS-j4_sed_R495-5 near Mkr-108   -129.9834 45.9283 423759 5086555 8:58 Sediment sample of diatom mat near Mkr 108 Juniper
  HFS-4_htfl

_R495-6

Castle   -129.9799 45.9261 424023 5086306 10:16 Piston - T1=274 - T2=175 - Tmax=275 - 460 ml Butterfield/ Huber/
  HFS-2_htfl

_R495-7

Castle   -129.9799 45.9261 424023 5086306 10:22 Filtered bag for xrf - 0.45 um - Tmax=255 - 507 ml Gendron
  HFS-18_htfl

_R495-8

Castle   -129.9799 45.9261 424023 5086306 10:31 Filtered bag -0.45 um - Tmax=262 - about 375 ml Butterfield/ Graham
  GTB_htfl_R495-9 Castle   -129.9799 45.9261 424023 5086306 10:40 Gastight - Tmax=245 Evans Butterfield/ Lilley
Niskin_htfl

_R495-10

Castle   -129.9799 45.9261 424023 5086306 10:52 Niskin bottle for xrf Gendron
  SF_R495-11 Castle   -129.9799 45.9261 424023 5086306 11:00 Sulfide chimney spire placed in purse - SAMPLE LOST (purse tore) Scott
  FeO_R495-12 FlatTop N5 -129.9796 45.9261 424043 5086306 11:26 FeO from top of Flattop placed in purse - SAMPLE LOST (purse tore) Scott
  HFS-11_dfl

_R495-13

Mkr-113 113 -129.9883 45.9226 423370 5085922 13:03 Filter bag 11 - T2=11.8 Tmax=22,6 Butterfield/ Graham
  GTB_dfl_R495-14 Mkr-113 113 -129.9883 45.9226 423370 5085922 13:13 Gastight Evans Butterfield/ Lilley
HFS-16_dfl

_R495-15

Mkr-113 113 -129.9883 45.9226 423370 5085922 13:15 Unfiltered bag - T=27 Butterfield/ Huber
  SS-01_mat

_R495-16

Mkr-113 113 -129.9883 45.9226 423370 5085922 13:29 Sucking mat and bag creatures? Moyer
  SS-02_mat_

R495-17

Mkr-113 113 -129.9883 45.9226 423370 5085922 13:29 Sucking mat bag creatures? Hose broke on sampler Moyer
  VEMCO&bio

_R495-18

Mkr-113 113 -129.9883 45.9226 423370 5085922 6:52 Recovered VEMCO-MTR and tube worms attached Embley/ Marcus
  HFS-22_dfl

_R495-19

Joystick   -129.9886 45.9188 423342 5085505 15:03 Piston - Tmax=9.6 - 630 ml Huber/ Butterfield/
  HFS-14_dfl

_R495-20

Joystick   -129.9886 45.9188 423342 5085505 15:11 Bag with filter .45um - collecting sulfur - Tmax=8.7 degrees - 643 ml Butterfield/ Graham
  HFS-12_dfl

_R495-21

Joystick   -129.9886 45.9188 423342 5085505 15:18 3 micron/sterivex filter for DNA - T=8.5 - 1500 ml Huber
  HFS-6_dfl

_R495-22

Joystick   -129.9886 45.9188 423342 5085505 15:35 0.2 micron filter/FISH - Tmax=9 - 1000 ml Huber
  HFS-24_dfl

_R495-23

Joystick   -129.9886 45.9188 423342 5085505 15:46 Gas piston - Tmax=9.9 - 100 ml Evans Butterfield/ Lilley
HFS-15_dfl

_R495-24

Joystick   -129.9886 45.9188 423342 5085505 15:49 0.45 micron filter for lipids - Tmax=9.8 - 820 ml Huber
  HFS-3_dfl

_R495-25

Joystick   -129.9886 45.9188 423342 5085505 16:01 0.45 micron filter of XRF - Tmax=10.1 - 570 ml Gendron
  HFS-19_dfl

_R495-26

Coquilles   -129.9931 45.9175 422991 5085365 17:12 Bag with filter 0.45 microns - Tmax=20.7 - 650 ml Butterfield/ Graham
  HFS-20-_dfl

_R495-27

Bag City 36 -129.9816 45.9344 423284 5085214 18:17 Piston - T1=22 Tave=22.6 Tmax=23.2 - 683 ml Butterfield/ Graham/
  HFS-23_dfl

_R495-28

Bag City 36 -129.9816 45.9344 423284 5085214 18:23 Gas piston - Tmax=23.4 - 128 ml Evans Butterfield/ Lilley
HFS-21_dfl

_R495-29

Bag City 36 -129.9816 45.9344 423284 5085214 18:28 0.45 micron filter for XRF - Tmax=23.3 - 500 ml Gendron
  HFS-13_dfl

_R495-30

Bag City 36 -129.9816 45.9344 423284 5085214 18:30 3 micon/sterivex filter for DNA - Tmax=23.4 - 1000 ml Huber
  HFS-9_dfl

_R495-31

Bag City 36 -129.9816 45.9344 423284 5085214 18:40 Bag with POC filter - Tmax=23.5 - 533 ml Butterfield/ Gendron
  HFS-7_dfl

_R495-32

Bag City 36 -129.9816 45.9344 423284 5085214 18:45 0.45 micron filter for lipids - Tmax=23.2 - 1000 ml Huber
  HFS-1_dfl

_R495-33

Bag City 36 -129.9816 45.9344 423284 5085214 18:56 0.2 um FISH filter - Tmax=23.4 - 1000 ml Huber
  Rck_R495-34 Crevice   -129.9904 45.9111 423175 5084648 21:35 New flow lobate lava from little collapse - SAMPLE LOST (purse tore) Perfit
  SS-j3_FeO

_R495-35

Crevice   -129.9904 45.9111 423175 5084648 22:00 Sediment which is partly composed of some sort of iron oxide - probably basalt Scott Perfit
SS-j2_bio

_R495-36

Crevice   -129.9904 45.9111 423175 5084648 22:16 Small patch of dead tube worms shaken for any other small organisms - FeO Tsurumi Perfit
SS-04_fl_R495-37 n/a   -129.9913 45.9052 423107 5083994   Background water collected while ROPOS coming up - depth 1300m - Juniper/ Levesque/
   BagCity   -129.9816 45.9344 423284 5085214 19:35 Deployed MTR Embley
   Mkr-33 V 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101   Deployed OsmoAnalyzer Chapin
      Dive R496 SAMPLES
   Sample Vent Mkr Long Lat UTM X UTM Y Time Description Investigator Subsamps
Bactrp-20_R496-1 Mkr-113 113 -129.9883 45.9226 423370 5085922 7:59 Bacteria trap #20 recovered (deployed in 98 - Dive R464) Moyer
  Bactrp-21_R496-2 Mkr-113 113 -129.9883 45.9226 423370 5085922 7:59 Bacteria Trap #21 recovered (deployed in 98 - Dive R464) Moyer
  Bio_R496-3 Mkr-113 113 -129.9883 45.9226 423370 5085922 8:08 Tube worm grab - (total of 3 grabs) Marcus Perfit
Rumble_R496-4 n/a   -129.9840 45.9302 423711 5086763 16:05 Recovered rumbleometer stuck in the 98 lava flow - Perfit grabbed rock chips Fox Perfit
      Dive R497 SAMPLES (No acoustic nav at CASM - positions at ship GPS antennae)
   Sample Vent Mkr Long Lat UTM X UTM Y Time Description Investigator Subsamp
SS-j3_dfl_R497-1 n/a n/a -130.0264 45.9890 420506 5093338 7:44 Water sample over palm worms, about 15 m east of fissure - log file 2 - Butterfield/ Huber/
  Sf_R497-2 T&S n/a -130.0272 45.9890 420447 5093343 9:32 Little piece of sulfide spire Scott Levesque
Sf&Bio_R497-3 T&S n/a -130.0272 45.9890 420447 5093343 9:39 Top of sulfide chimney and crab Scott Juniper
SS-j4_dfl_R497-4 T&S n/a -130.0272 45.9889 420446 5093322 10:09 Water sample - log file 3 at Vemco and Maya's tube worm sample site - Butterfield/ Huber/
  GTB _R497-5 T&S n/a -130.0272 45.9889 420446 5093322 10:22 Gastight (portside) Evans
  Sf_R497-6 T&S n/a -130.0272 45.9889 420446 5093322 10:25 Sulfide sample where port gas tight was taken (broke up a lot) Scott
  VEMCO_R497-7 T&S n/a -130.0272 45.9889 420446 5093322 10:32 VEMCO 98-1113-214 placed in stbd side biobox Embley
  SS-j1_bio_R497-8 T&S n/a -130.0272 45.9889 420446 5093322 10:40 Particles over tube worms - log file 4;- resumed at 10:58 inside tube worm Juniper/ Levesque
  Bio_R497-9 T&S n/a -130.0272 45.9889 420446 5093322 10:50 Tube worm grab Tsurumi
  SS-1_mat_R497-10 T&S n/a -130.0272 45.9889 420446 5093322 11:22 Suction of mat - Tmax=6.1 Moyer
  GTB_R497-11 T&S n/a -130.0272 45.9889 420446 5093322 11:44 Gas tight bottle near top of chimney - Tspike=28 Evans
  Sf_R497-12 T&S n/a -130.0272 45.9889 420446 5093322 11:48 Sulfide sample - lots of tube worms attached Scott/ Perfit/
  SS-2_dfl_R497-13 T&S n/a -130.0272 45.9889 420446 5093322 12:13 Fluid sample over lush tubes worms - Tave=26 Tmax=38,5 Butterfield/ Huber/
  SS-j2_bio_R497-14 T&S n/a -130.0272 45.9889 420446 5093322 12:30 100 micron mesh over lush tube worms for larvae (suspended particles) - 16 Levesque/ Juniper
  SS-3_bio_R497-15 T&S n/a -130.0272 45.9889 420446 5093322 12:53 Small animals and other material from within community of lush tube worms Levesque/ Juniper/
  Hobo_R497-16 T&S n/a -130.0272 45.9889 420446 5093322 13:12 Recovery of hobo deployed in 98 on DiveR480 Embley
  Niskin_dfl_R497-17 T&S n/a -130.0272 45.9889 420446 5093322 13:36 Niskin about 6 inches from top of spire - diffuse flow Gendron
  Sf_R497-18 T&S ? n/a -130.0272 45.9889 420446 5093322 ? Decimeter piece of sulfide chimney caught in ROPOS - found on recovery. Scott
  Sf_R497-19 T&S n/a -130.0272 45.9889 420446 5093322   Sulfide (chalcopyrite with minor ?anhydrite) scraped off HOBO probe -
   Rck_R497-20 NRZ n/a -130.0219 46.0198    18:03 Lobate flow top from NRZ in area of extensometers Perfit
  Sf_dfl_R497-21 T&S n/a -130.0272 45.9889 420446 5093322   Scraping from Vemco near tubeworm grab R497-10 - appears to be mostly Scott
   T&S n/a -130.0272 45.9889 420446 5093322   Deployed MTR 3017 Embley
      Dive R498 SAMPLES
   Sample Vent Mkr Long Lat UTM X UTM Y Time Description Investigator
  Exten_R498-1    -130.0180 46.0194 421203 5096708   Recover '98 extensometer E1 Chadwick
  Exten_R498-2    -130.0203 46.0110 421026 5096739   Recover '98 extensometer E2 Chadwick
  Exten_R498-3    -130.0212 46.0197 420956 5096745   Recover '98 extensometer E3 Chadwick
  Exten_R498-4    -130.0241 46.0202 420732 5096799   Recover '98 extensometer E4 Chadwick
      Dive R499 SAMPLES
   Sample Vent Mkr Long Lat UTM X UTM Y Time Description Investigator
  HFS-3_dfl_R499-1 Magnesia   -129.9849 45.9462 423661 5088545 17:08 Filter #3 for XRF - Tmax=7.3 - 500 ml Gendron
  HFS-4_dfl_R499-2 Magnesia   -129.9849 45.9462 423661 5088545 17:13 Piston #4 - Tmax=7.4 - 600 ml Butterfield/ Huber/ Graham
  HFS-5_dfl_R499-3 Magnesia   -129.9849 45.9462 423661 5088545 17:20 Gas piston #5 - Tmax=7.1 - 125 ml Evans
  HFS-18_dfl_R499-4 Magnesia   -129.9849 45.9462 423661 5088545 17:26 Bag #18 - Tmax=7.3 - 613 ml Butterfield/ Graham
  niskin_dfl_R499-5 Magnesia   -129.9849 45.9462 423661 5088545 18:18 Niskin diffuse flow Gendron
  HFS-24-dfl-R499-6 Old Worms   -129.9833 45.9451 423785 5088418 20:20 Gas piston #24 - area of lush growth and good flow - Tmax=7.8 - about 150 ml Evans
   Magnesia   -129.9849 45.9462 423661 5088545 Deployed OsmoSampler Chapin
      Dive R500 SAMPLES
   Sample Vent Mkr Long Lat UTM X UTM Y Time Description Investigator Subsamp
HFS-99_dfl_R500-1 Old Worms   -129.9833 45.9451 423785 5088418 0:47 Bag #9 with POC filter - isothermal flow under tube worms - T1=9.5 T2=7.5 Butterfield
  HFS-17_dfl_R500-2 Old Worms   -129.9833 45.9451 423785 5088418 0:59 Bag #17 unfiltered - no valve - Tmax=9.8 - 700 ml Butterfield/ Huber/
  HFS-23_dfl_R500-3 Old Worms   -129.9833 45.9451 423785 5088418 1:06 Gas piston #23 - Tmax=9.8 Evans Butterfield/ Lilley
SS-j3_dfl_R500-4 Old Worms   -129.9833 45.9451 423785 5088418 1:28 64 micron mesh - Larval collection over old tube worm bush Tunnicliffe
  SS-j1_bio_R500-5 Old Worms   -129.9833 45.9451 423785 5088418 1:50 100 micron mesh - Small animal and biofilm sample in old tube worm bush Levesque/ Charpentier
  SS-j2_bio_R500-6 Old Worms   -129.9833 45.9451 423785 5088418 2:20 Clams and other fauna Levesque/ Charpentier Perfit
HFS-19_dfl_R500-7 NE of FeO   -129.9816 45.9362 423904 5087423 5:48 Bag #19 with 0.45 um XRF filter (will analyze small particles on filter witth Butterfield/ Gendron/
  GTB-6_dfl_R500-8 NE of FeO   -129.9816 45.9362 423904 5087423 6:07 Port gastight #6 - Tmax=5 Evans Butterfield/ Lilley
HFS-16_dfl_R500-9 15m S of N41   -129.9815 45.9359 423911 5087391 6:22 Bag #16 unfilterted - no valve - Tmax=25.9 - 600 ml Butterfield/ Huber/
  GTB-7_dfl

_R500-10

15m S of N41   -129.9815 45.9359 423911 5087391 6:30 Stbd gastight #7 - Tmax=26 Evans Butterfield/ Lilley
HFS-11_dfl

_R500-11

15m S of N41   -129.9815 45.9359 423911 5087391 6:43 Bag #11 with 0.45 um filter - no valve - Tmax=22.7 Texit=14 - 620 ml Butterfield
  HFS-10_dfl

_R500-12

15m S of N41   -129.9815 45.9359 423911 5087391 6:50 Filter #10 for lipids - Tmax=24.4 - 1 liter Huber
  HFS-13_dfl

_R500-13

15m S of N41   -129.9815 45.9359 423911 5087391 7:00 Filter #13 - 3 um and sterivex for DNA - Tmax=24.2 - 1200ml Huber
  HFS-4_dfl

_R500-14

n/a   -129.9814 45.9352 423918 5087310 8:05 Piston #4 - Tmax=11.3 - 600 ml Butterfield/ Huber/
  HFS-6_dfl

_R500-15

Cloud N6 -129.9816 45.9334 423901 5087116 9:26 Filter #6 - 0.2 um for FISH - Tmax=19.9 - 1 liter Huber
  HFS-12_dfl

_R500-16

Cloud N6 -129.9816 45.9334 423901 5087116 9:36 Filter #12 - 3 um sterivex for DNA, - Tmax=20 - 1005 ml Huber
  HFS-15_dfl

_R500-17

Cloud N6 -129.9816 45.9334 423901 5087116 9:47 Filter #15 for lipids - Tmax=19.9 - 1002 ml Huber
  HFS-20_dfl

_R500-18

Cloud N6 -129.9816 45.9334 423901 5087116 9:58 Piston #20 - Tmax=19.9 - 675 ml Butterfield/ Huber/
  Niskin_dfl

_R500-19

Cloud N6 -129.9816 45.9334 423901 5087116 10:22 Niskin bottle over the hole at Mkr-N6 Gendron
  HFS-1_dfl

_R500-20

MK33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 12:24 Filter #1 for FISH - Tmax=75.5 T2=43 - 1 liter Huber
  HFS-2_dfl

_R500-21

MK33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 12:34 Filter #2 for XRF - Tmax=77.5 - 500 ml Gendron
  HFS-7_dfl

_R500-22

MK33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 12:40 Filter #7 - sterivex for DNA - Tmax=75.7 T1=66 T2=43 Moyer
  HFS-21_dfl

_R500-23

MK33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 12:58 Filter #21 for lipids - Tmax=73.2 - 1200 ml Huber
  HFS-22_dfl

_R500-24

MK33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 13:09 piston #22 for water chemistry - Tmax=74.6 - 623 ml Butterfield/ Huber/
  HFS-14_dfl

_R500-25

MK33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 13:16 Bag #14 with filter - Tmax 73.5 - 525 ml Butterfield/ Graham
      Dive R501 SAMPLES
   Sample Vent Mkr Long Lat UTM X UTM Y Time Description Investigator Subsamp
SS-1_mat_R501-1 Mkr 33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 23:40 Bacterial mat in venting crack - piece of basalt that jammed in carousel Moyer/ Lynch Scott
SS-j3_rck_R501-2 n/a   -129.9924 45.9206 423050 5085709 5:37 Slurp of glass from intermediate? age top of pillow Perfit Scott
SS-j7_rck_R501-3 n/a   -129.9914 45.9207 423126 5085715 5:55 Younger of two flows at contact - small tube/toe in lobates - couldn't do a grab Perfit
  Rck_R501-4 n/a   -129.9899 45.9203 423238 5085670 6:32 Intermediate flow? - near the collapse in some broken lobes - blocky chunk with Perfit
  Rck_R501-5 n/a   -129.9877 45.9204 423411 5085680 7:01 Sample from crust of hollowed lobe - stubby with thin glass and angular edges Perfit
  SS-j8_rck_R501-6 n/a   -129.9867 45.9206 423492 5085695 7:25 Glass from lineated sheet flow, intermediate age (?) Perfit
  Rck_R501-7 n/a   -129.9818 45.9204 423865 5085668 8:15 Slab of rock from shallow collapse jumbled area Perfit
  Rck_R501-8 n/a   -129.9777 45.9202 424183 5085645 9:48 Chunk of lava from old flow - small, glassy Perfit
  SS-4_rck_R501-9 n/a   -129.9777 45.9201 424188 5085637 10:08 Little pieces of basalt glass from newer flow Perfit
  Rck_R501-10 n/a   -129.9823 45.9240 423831 5086069 11:29 Big plates (2) of mat covered ropey sheets Perfit
  SS-j4_mat_R501-11 n/a   -129.9823 45.9239 423837 5086063 11:35 Mat on rocks - same spot as last rock sample Juniper
  Rck_R501-12 n/a   -129.9876 45.9240 423427 5086072 12:30 Lava from chaotic collapse area- older with sponges Perfit
  Rck_R501-13 n/a   -129.9886 45.9240 423348 5086075 12:45 Contact area - black glassy newer lava - black striped corer Perfit
  Rck_R501-14 n/a   -129.9886 45.9240 423348 5086075 13:05 Contact area - more sediment and brittle stars - yellow striped corer Perfit
  Niskin_R501-15 n/a   -129.9886 45.9240 423348 5086075 13:18 Niskin sample at contact Juniper
  Rck_R501-16 n/a   -129.9922 45.9240 423065 5086078 13:45 Older? lava with sponges and more sediments - purple core Perfit
  Bio_501-17 Crevice   -129.9905 45.9109 423177 5084629 15:57 Tube worm grab within hole near crevice -diffuse venting Tsurumi
   Mkr 33 33 -129.9822 45.9333 423850 5087101 Deployed Time Lapse Camera Tunnicliffe
      Dive R502 SAMPLES
   Sample Vent Mkr Long Lat UTM X UTM Y Time Description Investigator Subsamp
HFS-5_dlf_R502-1 Gollum   -130.0136 45.9336 421422 5087166 2:41 Gas piston #5 - max=22.5 Evans Butterfield/ Lilley
HFS-6_dlf_R502-2 Gollum   -130.0136 45.9336 421422 5087166 3:16 0.2um filter for FISH - T1=9 T2=16 Tmax=22 - pump shut down for 15min Huber
  HFS-7_dlf_502-3 Gollum   -130.0136 45.9336 421422 5087166 3:27 Sterivex DNA filter #7- Tmax=20.2 T2=16 - 1450ml pumped Moyer
  HFS-13_dlf_R502-4 Gollum   -130.0136 45.9336 421422 5087166 3 micron + sterivex filters for DNA - Tmax=23.5 - 1029mL Huber
  HFS-15_dlf_R502-5 Gollum   -130.0136 45.9336 421422 5087166 3:49 0.45 micron lipid filter #15 for DNA - Tmax=24 - 1426 ml Huber
  HFS-22_dlf_R502-6 Gollum   -130.0136 45.9336 421422 5087166 3:56 Gas piston #22 - Tmax=22.3 - 640ml Butterfield/ Huber/
  SS-j4_bio_R502-7 Gollum   -130.0136 45.9336 421422 5087166 4:00 Slurp sample for palm worms et al - also for fluid Juniper/ Levesque
  MTR_dlf_R502-8 Gollum   -130.0136 45.9336 421422 5087166 4:30 Recover MTR deployed on Dive R471 1998 Embley
  HFS-24_htfl

_R502-9

Marsh-mallow   -130.0136 45.9337 421420 5087179 4:35 Gas piston#24 - Tmax=74.3 Evans Butterfield/ Lilley
HFS-21_htfl

_R502-10

Marsh-mallow   -130.0136 45.9337 421420 5087179 4:45 Lipid filter #21 - Tmax=74.4 - 1200 ml Huber
  HFS-12_htfl

_R502-11

Marsh-mallow   -130.0136 45.9337 421420 5087179 4:55 3 micron + sterivex filters for DNA - Tmax+75.8 - 1000 ml Huber
  HFS-9_htfl_

R502-12

Marsh-mallow   -130.0136 45.9337 421420 5087179 5:09 Bag with POC filter #9 - Tmax =73.6 - 599 ml Butterfield
  HFS-4_htfl

_R502-13

Marsh-mallow   -130.0136 45.9337 421420 5087179 5:10 Piston sample #4 - Tmax 71.8 - 601 ml Butterfield/ Huber/
  HFS-1_htfl

_R502-14

Marsh-mallow   -130.0136 45.9337 421420 5087179 5:15 FISH filter #1 - Tmax 80.7 - 1000 ml Huber
  SS-j3_bio

_R502-15

Marsh-mallow I -130.0136 45.9337 421420 5087179 5:27 Suction sample of fauna (tubes and snails) - fluid Marcus
  GTB-7_htfl

_R502-16

Virgin   -130.0135 45.9336 421430 5087174 6:00 Sttbd gastight - Tmax=306 Evans Butterfield/ Lilley
HFS-18_htfl

_R502-17

Virgin   -130.0135 45.9336 421430 5087174 6:02 Bag #18 with filter - Tmax=309 T2=145 Butterfield/ Graham
  HFS-14_htfl

_R502-18

Inferno   -130.0139 45.9335 421397 5087162 6:54 Bag #14 with 0.45 filter - Tmax 289.9 - 406 ml Butterfield/ Graham
  HFS-16_htfl

_R502-19

Inferno   -130.0139 45.9335 421397 5087162 6:59 Unfiltered bag #16 - Tmax 293 - 500 ml Butterfield/ Graham/
  GTB-2_htfl

_R502-20

Inferno   -130.0139 45.9335 421397 5087162 7:08 Port gas tight #2 Evans Butterfield/ Lilley
HFS-2_htfl

_R502-21

Inferno   -130.0139 45.9335 421397 5087162 7:10 0.45 micron filter #2 for XRF - Tmax=289.6 - 476 ml Gendron
  HOBO_htfl

_R502-22

Inferno   -130.0139 45.9335 421397 5087162 7:34 Retrieved HOBO 137 deployed on Alvin dive 3245 in '98 - scrapings for Embley Scott
HFS-20_htfl

_R502-23

Crack   -130.0136 45.9333 421424 5087135 8:09 Piston #20 - Tmax=89.7 - 628 ml Butterfield/ Huber/
  HFS-10_htfl

_R502-24

Crack   -130.0136 45.9333 421424 5087135 8:16 Filter #10 for lipids - Tmax=90 - 1100 ml Huber
  Niskin_htfl

_R502-25

Hell   -130.0142 45.9333 421372 5087135 8:42 Niskin bottle, 1 meter above Hell Gendron
  HFS-3_htfl_

R502-26

Hell   -130.0142 45.9333 421372 5087135 9:04 0.45 micron filter #3 for XRF - Tmax=294.7 -300 ml Gendron
  HFS-17_htfl

_R502-27

Hell   -130.0142 45.9333 421372 5087135 9:07 Unfiltered bag #17 - Tmax=294.3 - 575 ml Huber
  HFS-19_htfl

_R502-28

Hell   -130.0142 45.9333 421372 5087135 9:11 Bag with 0.45 filter, - Tmax 293.1 - 574 ml Butterfield/ Graham
  HFS-23_htfl

_R502-29

Hell   -130.0142 45.9333 421372 5087135 9:16 Gas piston #23 - Tmax=291.9 - 156 ml Evans Butterfield/ Lilley
SS-j1_bio_R502-30 Porkchop   -130.0142 45.9333 421373 5087136 10:00 Sulfide worms - (scale worms and copepods?) Juniper/ Levesque
  SS-j2_bio_R502-31 Phoenix   -130.0140 45.9332 421391 5087130 10:39 Sulfide worms - palm worms - tube worms Juniper/ Levesque
  SS-4_bio_R502-32 Medusa   -130.0139 45.9334 421395 5087141 10:56 Three anemones - rock - clams Juniper/ Levesque
  SS-1_FeO_R502-33 n/a   -130.0139 45.9332 421395 5087128 11:31 Fe Oxide from mounds - (15 m south of Medusa) - BAD NAV Scott
  SS-4_sf_R502-34 n/a   -130.0139 45.9332 421395 5087128 11:55 Greyish white mat - small chunks of anhydrite Fe- (15 m south of Medusa) Scott Perfit
HFS-11_dfl

_R502-35

n/a   -130.0153 45.9334 421287 5087152 13:15 Bag #11 with filter - no valve, - Tmax=6.2 - 601 ml (west wall) Huber
  SS-2_df

l_R502-36

n/a   -130.0153 45.9334 421287 5087152 13:23 Iron oxides and bacteria (west wall) Scott
  SS-3_dfl_

R502-37

n/a   -130.0153 45.9334 421287 5087152 13:36 Same sample as previous because bottle was contaminated by previous sample Scott
  HOBO_R502-38 Hell   -130.0142 45.9333 421372 5087135 14:08 Collected hobo deployed 1998?? Moyer
   Hell   -130.0142 45.9333 421372 5087135 Deployed HOBO Embley
      Dive R503 SAMPLES
   Sample Vent Mkr Long Lat UTM X UTM Y Time Description Investigator Subsamp
Bactrps_R503-1 Gollum   -130.0136 45.9336 421422 5087166 0:15:00 Recovered 2 bactraps deployed in 1998 on Dive R471 - still one there Moyer
  HOBO_R503-2 Inferno   -130.0139 45.9335 421397 5087162 0:32:00 THIS IS A MISTAKE, ACTUALLY IS SAMPLE 502-22. (FOR SOME Embley
  HOBO_R503-3 Virgin   -130.0135 45.9336 421430 5087174 0:02:41 Recovered HOBO 129 deployed on Alvin Dive 3245 '98 Embley
   Inferno   -130.0139 45.9335 421397 5087162   Deployed HOBO 128 - Top of Inferno Embley
   Inferno   -130.0139 45.9335 421397 5087162   Deployed OsmoSampler - melted it Chapin
   Gollum   -130.0136 45.9336 421422 5087166   Deployed Bactrp #45 Moyer





5.5 Dive Map Nomenclature



The dive maps depict all Vents and Markers visited, samples collected on each dive, in addition all instruments deployed and recovered are also cited.



Nomenclature Example: SS-12_dfl_R503-4



The first letters indicate the sample type. The sample type may be followed by a hyphen and a number, which indicates the number for that specific sample type (could be a HFS filter number, suction sample jar number, etc.)



The letters following the underscore give more information about the sample:

_dlf indicates that the sample was in diffuse flow.



The final number, following the hyphen, designates the dive sample number.

-4 indicates that it was sample number 4 for the dive.





Sample type abbreviations More sample information:

SS Suction Sample mat bacterial mat

HFS Hot Fluid Sampler dfl diffuse flow

Niskin Niskin bottle hfl high temp flow

Gtb Gas Tight Bottle flc bacterial flock

Bactrp Bacteria Trap osmo osmo (sampler or analyzer)

Bio Biological sample HOBO temperature probe (152 - 419C)

Sf sulfide MTR temperature probe (2 - 34C)

Rck rock VEMCO temperature probe (0 - 50C)

FeO iron oxide TLC time lapse camera





Red stars represents vent locations.

Smaller white stars represents marker locations.



5.6 ROPOS Dive Logs, Dives R483 - R502



  Dive R483
      Dive Plan: High resolution survey of Mkr-33 using the Sit camera and Imagenex. Elevator will be used to gather experiments from Mkr-33. Suction sampling will be done there and at other active vents to the north.
      Time-lapse camera will be brought up in the arm of ROPOS.
      ROPOS Configuration: Biobox, Slurp Sampler, Gas Tights, Imagenex, and the other cameras.
      Note: Nav fixes not edited in the logs. All fixes were logged, regardless of accuracy. Use the dive plots to determine actual positions.
  UTC Hour Min Depth (m) Sub Hdng (deg) UTM X UTM Y Comments Frmgrbs, Photos, Samples
     Elevator of the deck and into the water.
  10 8 1 46 414094 5095636 ROPOS is in the water!
  10 24 457 231 414094 5095636 Trying out the frame grab R483-7
10 56 1001 23 414094 5095636 Ropos outside of cage
  11 2 1000 232 414094 5095636 Fixes are still bad
  11 2 1000 232 414094 5095636 Ropos back in cage.
  11 11 1105 214 414094 5095636 Working on problem with video color.
  11 31 1472 327 414094 5095636 Ropos is leaving cage. Near the bottom. Still no navigation.
  11 36 1500 305 423890 5087089 Stopping navigation. Switch channels for transponders.
  11 39 1518 336 423890 5087089 Elevator is on the bottom.
  11 41 1495 65 423802 5087074 Good fix.
  11 45 1491 13 423802 5087074 Elevator deployed. About 20m S of Mkr-33
  11 48 1515 42 423802 5087074 At target called elevator. X=3849 Y=7082
  11 57 1520 217 423802 5087074 Near bottom at Mkr-33. Camera in view.
  11 59 1522 203 423802 5087074 Highlights tape on.
  12 1 1523 206 423802 5087074 Highlights off.
  12 14 1523 119 423849 5087081 Sitting on bottom at Mkr-33. No good sub fixes.
  12 20 1523 123 423849 5087081 Navigation off.
  12 23 1523 117 423848 5087086 Good ROV fix.
  12 25 1523 125 423849 5087086 Time lapse camera and ozmo sampler. R483-8
12 34 1523 131 423848 5087086 Good Fix
  12 35 1521 128 423847 5087102 Highlights on. Doing mosaic
  12 43 1522 282 424108 5087314 Highlights off. Doing mosaic.
  12 45 1523 184 424102 5087915 Still photo of time lapse camera.
  12 46 1523 191 423849 5087082 Still photo 2.
  12 46 1523 193 424244 5087755 Time lapse and crack. R483-12
12 49 1523 197 424422 5086745 Highlights on.
  12 50 1523 196 423852 5087097 Tube worms, palms worms, and scale worms. R483-14
12 51 1523 196 423853 5087097 Same as last framegrab R483-15
12 51 1523 194 423853 5087098 Palm worms, gastropods, tube worms, etc. R483-16
12 53 1523 197 423890 5087617 Same as as last FG R483-18
12 57 1523 204 423889 5087617 Hi
  13 5 1523 186 423853 5087097 Highlights on. Beginning sampling.
  13 5 1523 190 424453 5087458 Sampling J1. Mkr-33 R483-19
13 7 1523 187 423855 5087083 Slurp sample J1. Begin sampling.
  13 9 1523 186 424325 5087985 Slurp sampling J1 for particulates at Mkr-33. First sample J1. R483-20
13 10 1523 190 423847 5087099 Highlights off.
  13 10 1523 189 423852 5087096 Slurp probe sampling J1. R483-21
13 17 1523 188 423854 5087095 Possible samples of worms collected during particulate sampling in J1.
  13 26 1523 192 423842 5087055 Still collecting sample J1.
  13 49 1523 196 423854 5087079 Still sampling J1.
  14 0 1524 190 423853 5087096 VCR tapes changed. Still sampling J1.
  14 6 1523 185 423852 5087098 End sampling J1.
  14 10 1522 185 423852 5087099 Sample area. R483-22
14 10 1521 177 423850 5087094 Still photo.
  14 10 1520 180 423850 5087094 Still photo.
  14 11 1521 203 423855 5087099 Still photo 3rd
  14 12 1520 219 423852 5087098 Camera postion. R483-23
14 12 1521 218 423857 5087082 Photo 4.
  14 12 1522 241 423857 5087082 Photo 5.
  14 13 1522 251 423856 5087096 Photo 6.
  14 13 1522 244 423856 5087096 photo 7.
  14 13 1523 246 423855 5087097 camera position. R483-24
14 19 1523 113 423853 5087099 Picking up time lapse camera to move.
  14 19 1524 109 423854 5087081 Picking up time lapse camera. R483-25
14 23 1525 231 423857 5087095 Camera positioned near elevator anchor.
  14 28 1524 173 423854 5087081 Flush slup sampler.
  14 31 1523 175 423849 5087096 Slup sampling J2 (start).
  14 37 1523 170 423853 5087099 Slurping gastropods. J2 R483-27
14 44 1524 164 423853 5087097 bacterial box from 98 R483-28
14 44 1524 165 423842 5087051 ROPOS reaching in to pick up their box R483-29
14 50 1524 174 423854 5087080 view of vent site, Christian's suction J2 site R483-30
15 7 1523 142 423854 5087095 Finished suction sample J2.
  15 15 1524 201 423848 5087093 Started suction sample J3 - suction top of slab for more polynoids and gastropods
  15 17 1524 196 423854 5087080 Frame grab of suction sample J3 location R483-31
15 47 1524 194 423847 5087098 Bacterial trap collected #12 R483-32
15 54 1524 170 423854 5087082   R483-33
15 59 1524 227 423854 5087080 Tube worm grab sample #1(Marcus) at Mkr-33 R483-34
16 29 1524 203 423845 5087059 Fluid sample of vent at Mkr-33(Evans) sample #1 R483-35
16 37 1524 256 423851 5087099 GTB#6-#7 (Evans) R483-36
16 51 1525 264 423850 5087089 MTR from Mkr-33 (Embely) Probe #4130 R483-37
16 59 1519 228 423843 5087099 Elevator in position above Mkr-33 carrying payload of bacterial traps, bioboxes, osmosamplers and analyzers R483-38
17 1 1516 232 423859 5087094   R483-39
17 2 1516 245 423861 5087096 Elevator positioned above Mkr-33 with payload to be deployed - (bacterial traps, bioboxes, osmosampler and analyzer). R483-40
17 5 1520 240 423853 5087092 Bioboxes for Dr. Moyer R483-41
17 8 1524 246 423852 5087084 Osmo (Fe) analyzer deployment (chapin) set of the vent site for deployment within the vent later at Mkr-33 R483-42
17 23 1524 311 423840 5087045 Fe Osmo Analyzer (Chapin) Mkr-33 R483-43
18 11 1524 262 423847 5087099 Green Osmo sampler and Copper osmo sampler (Chapin) deployed at Mkr-33 R483-44
18 36 1524 203 423851 5087076 Sampler and analyzer probes w/in the vent fluid(Chapin) R483-45
18 39 1522 192 423850 5087091 Green osmo sampler with Copper osmo sampler in foreground with the the Fe Osmo Analyzer in the background at Mkr-33 R483-46
      Dive Summary: Went to Mkr-33 where 8 samples were collected (Suction samples, bactraps, bio, and gas-tights). Recovered MTR and Osmo from NeMO '98 cruise. Two Fe OsmoAnalyzers were deployed. Dive was aborted due to a kink in the tether.


      Dive R484
        Objectives: 1) Deploy other osmosampler from elevator at northern end of Mkr-33. 2) Collect basalt sample at Mkr-33. 3) Suction sample bacterial mats at Mkr-33 for Moyer, gastropods and mat for Levesque.
       Suction sample bacterial mats at Cloud for Moyer, vent fauna larvae for Tunnicliffe. Suction sample for diatom mat on new lavas for Tunnicliffe. 4)Tube worm grab at Cloud. 5)Short Imagenex survey at Mkr-33 and vicinity.
      6) Recover Time Lapse Camera . 7) Recover elevator with OsmoSamplers and microbial traps.
      ROPOS Configuration: 7 function arm, 5 function arm, Biobox, Suction samplers (7 jars), Gas tights (2), Imagenex and other cameras.
        Note: Nav fixes not edited in the logs. All fixes were logged, regardless of accuracy. Use the dive plots to determine actual positions.
  UTC Hour Min Depth (m) Sub Hdng (deg) UTM X UTM Y Comments Frmgrbs, Photos, Samples
10 21 0 0 0 0 On the way down, the navigation people are trying to find a bug in the nav program and so the heading, depth, X, and Y will not be updated until we are near the bottom.
  10 27 0 0 0 0 ROPOS went in the water at 10:15.
  11 36 1490 253 423846 5087083 ROPOS leaving the cage.
  11 37 1522 267 423847 5087092 ROPOS is on the bottom
  11 43 1523 272 423843 5087086 Frame grabber locked up.
  11 44 1522 14 424199 5086776 Navigation still not good.
  12 18 1523 270 423858 5087087 Logging off since 11:55. Begin ss1 at 11:55, target is mat material. Video bad. Nav bad. Sampling stopped to flush at 12:11. 12:16 repositioning sub and trying to fix clog in the line. x=423860 y=5087105 SS_mat_R484-1
12 23 1523 256 423869 5087103 still flushing slurp system into bottle 4.
  12 27 1520 181 423860 5087093 ROPOS moving to attempt to capture a crab.
  12 29 1522 165 423471 5086545 Target crab. R484-1
12 29 1524 174 423860 5087091 Target crab. R484-2
12 31 1522 156 423630 5086828 Into the box. R484-4
12 33 1523 123 423865 5087089 Final solution. R484-5
12 34 1524 126 423899 5086698 Crab collected. Bio_R484-2
12 35 1524 121 424126 5087648 Crab escaped. Sample lost.
  12 39 1524 84 423868 5087093 Second attempt to collect same crab.
  12 40 1524 74 423871 5087114 Crab escaped for the second time.
  12 42 1524 61 423865 5087100 Crab capture completed. Crab in port bio-box.
  12 43 1523 359 423864 5087088 ROPOS returning to cage.
  12 51 1520 2 423595 5086465 Retrieving a bacterial trap from the elevator.
  12 52 1522 114 423861 5087095 Bacterial trap was #42. Moving to deploy it.
  12 56 1523 304 423857 5087097 #42 deployed. R484-7
12 56 1522 308 423858 5087097 Bacterial trap 42 deployed at the end of the crack at Mkr-33.
  13 0 1519 78 423860 5087082 Collecting another bacterial trap #41 from the elevator.
  13 4 1522 171 423858 5087086 Deploy #41 at the same site as #42.
  13 9 1520 155 423860 5087098 Collecting bacterial trap #40 from the elevator.
  13 11 1523 267 423856 5087103 Location of bacterial trap #40. R484-8
13 12 1521 14 423853 5087097 Bacterial trap #40 deployed near OsmoSampler, middle of the crack.
  13 17 1519 160 423865 5087100 Opening Moyer bio-box inside elevator.
  13 19 1520 23 423859 5087083 Collected bacterial trap #43 from elevator.
  13 21 1523 280 423856 5087097 Position of bacterial trap 43. R484-9
13 22 1523 243 423856 5087097 Bacterial trap #43 deployed.
  13 23 1523 245 423860 5087103 Attempting to clear the clogged suction sampler.
  13 28 1520 88 423855 5087092 Back at the elevator collecting 4 bacterial traps.
  13 36 1520 310 423861 5087081 Moving bactrp 36 from the elevator to the strb sub bio-box.
  13 38 1520 268 423862 5087091 Transferring bactrp #39 to sub strb bio-box.
  13 40 1520 203 423860 5087095 Transferring bactrp #38 to sub strb bio-box.
  13 40 1519 194 423857 5087099 Begin changing VCR tapes.
  13 42 1519 193 423862 5087094 Finish changing VCR tapes.
  13 43 1520 282 423860 5087093 Transferring bactrp #37 to sub strb bio-box.
  13 45 1517 24 423937 5086713 Moving to Cloud vent.
  13 45 1522 71 423937 5086713 Nav fixes bad.
  13 51 1517 54 423899 5087123 Nav fixes good.
  13 52 1520 125 424740 5086697 Still looking for Cloud vent. Fixes not good. Found area with worms and warm water.
  13 55 1523 137 423901 5087114 Nav fixes good.
  13 56 1523 137 423909 5087120 Worms and warm water just north of Cloud Vent. Fixes bad. R484-10
13 58 1523 134 423901 5087114 Fixes are good. Cloud 5 meters away.
  14 2 1525 92 423644 5086924 Looking for Mkr-N4, trying to find bactrps.
  14 4 1519 92 424532 5088000 Collapsed area. Fixes are bad.
  14 5 1520 99 423924 5087108 Good Fix.
  14 5 1523 267 423914 5087115 Tube worms. Good fix. R484-11
14 6 1522 275 423904 5087108 Cloud vent Mkr-N4.
  14 6 1524 282 423901 5087116 Mkr-N4. Cloud vent. Tube worms and scale worms. R48412
14 8 1523 274 423901 5087115 Deploy bactrp # 37 at Cloud
  14 10 1524 281 424429 5087476 Deploy bactrp #36 at Cloud vent Mkr-N4. x=423896 y=5087119
  14 14 1524 272 423901 5087111 Recover bactrp #14 into strb bio-box bactrp_R484-3
14 21 1524 260 423625 5086916 Remove bactrp #39 from box and deploy next to Mkr-N4.
  14 25 1524 262 423893 5087118 Attempting to recover an MTR sample. MTR_R484-4
14 28 1524 244 423899 5087114 Finish MTR recovery. Into strb bio-box.
  14 30 1524 252 423898 5087116 Recovering bactrp (can't read number) into strb bio-box. bactrp_R484-5
14 36 1524 253 423897 5087102 Deploying bactrp #38 at Mkr-N4.
  14 39 1523 267 424434 5087448 Moving around to survey for worms.
  14 42 1524 262 423970 5086736 Working to clear suction sampler.
  14 45 1524 262 424049 5087913 Mkr- N4 positions of bactraps. R484-13
14 47 1522 307 423997 5087171 Moving around to look for worms.
  14 48 1522 257 424403 5087529 Nav fixes bad.
  14 49 1522 200 423891 5087118 Nav fix good.
  14 53 1486 237 423965 5087100 ROPOS back to cage.
  14 55 1490 87 424082 5087584 ROPOS going back to bottom.
  14 58 1524 102 423844 5087084 Good fix. First good one in awhile. Heading SW to start of Imagenex line.
  15 1 1518 204 424438 5087440 Stopped, trying to get a fix, bad fixes right now.
  15 2 1518 203 423838 5087002 Good fix, 40 m south of beginning of 1st imagenex transect, moving to start point
  15 55 1479 281 423932 5087100 Still maneuvering for start of line. Problem with bow thruster. Imagenex survey aborted. Weather not good enough to recover elevator. Will pick up time-lapse camera and come to surface.
  16 34 1384 284 423875 5087107 Decided not to reattempt imagenex survey; heading to bottom to get time-lapse camera
  16 44 1523 228 424360 5087689 At elevator, about to recover the time-lapse camera (TLC)
  16 46 1523 153 423854 5087090 Quickly flying back over Mkr-33 to make sure osmosampler intakes are correctly positioned
  16 55 1524 16 423856 5087073 Nav has been bad for around 10 minutes
  16 56 1524 337 423852 5087087 Good fix
  17 4 1524 235 424449 5087467 While checking out the osmosamplers, the bacteria traps #42 and # ? got dislodged, so we are now repositioning them. The ship is drifting to the NE, trying to reposition ship.
  17 9 1514 253 424426 5087486 ROPOS going back to cage. Waiting for ship to reposition.
  17 12 1465 114 424376 5087657 Back at cage. Waiting.
  17 18 1453 206 423926 5087108 Ship repositioned. Going to get Time Lapse Camera.
  17 24 1515 285 424482 5087421 Waiting for a good fix.
  17 24 1517 285 423890 5087082 Good fix.
  17 25 1520 315 424491 5087438 At Mkr-23. Going to get TLC at base of elevator.
  17 26 1523 283 423964 5087122 Disregard previous comment - NOT at Mkr-33, but came down at Mkr-N8.
  17 27 1520 308 424711 5086887 At the elevator. SEE TLC!
  17 30 1525 307 423810 5086523 Picking up the Time Lapse Camera - bad fix.
  17 35 1525 291 423846 5087093 FG of grabbing the Time Lapse Camera. R484-14
17 39 1525 283 424442 5087475 The Queen says NAV SUCKS!
  17 40 1526 283 424441 5087473 Trying to jettison the 65 lbs from ROPOS in order to pick up camera.
  17 42 1526 282 423849 5087346 Weight released!
  17 48 1526 284 425147 5086738 Picking up TLC. x=423850 y=5087101 R484-15
17 48 1526 283 424443 5087473 TLC being positioned in claws to come up.
  17 51 1526 283 424445 5087476 TLC ready to come up - positioned in claws properly. The jettison weight is still attached to ROPOS on port side.
  17 57 1525 309 424889 5087523 WE just lost sub power.
  17 58 1525 309 424889 5087523 Sub power on then off again.
  18 0 1525 307 424889 5087523 Power and lights back on - video up. Sitting on the bottom with TLC in claws. Discussing what to do.
  18 1 1525 305 424889 5087523 Power off, back up again.
  18 4 1524 291 424889 5087523 Flying backward trying to dislodge jettison weight.
  18 6 1514 241 423892 5087061 Lost lights again. Coming up to try to dislodge weights.
  18 7 1505 230 423887 5087047 Weights gone. Coming up to the surface.
  18 13 1445 241 423914 5087082 Time lapse camera recovery should have the sample number R484-6. TLC_dfl_R484-6
20 15 108 155 424102 5086984 Puled ROPOS into the cage with the tether winch in first attempt. Great driving by Keith Shepherd. Bringing cage up fast.
  20 27 1 172 424230 5087291 ROPOS on deck at 1323h.
  20 47 1 160 424230 5087291 Time lapse camera appears to be OK. Crab is dead. Stainless steel bolt in a bactrap was almost eaten through.

END OF DIVE R484

      Summary of Dive R484: For about the first half hour of the dive the log entry program was shut down. During the collection of the first suction sample it was rebooted.
      Mkr-33: SS of mat; one nearly whole crab captured, TLC recovered, deployed bactraps. Cloud: Two bactraps and one MTR recovered, deployed bactraps, short worm survey.
      Suction sampler clogged on first sample. Color balance on frame grabs was poor. The sub lost hydraulic fluid which forced the end of



      Dive R485
        Dive Objectives: Primary objective of the dive is to obtain vent fluids/filtered samples along eruptive line. Dive will begin at Mkr-33 and end at the Milky Vent area. Suction samples will also be done at some of the sites.
        Elevator will be recovered (weather permitting) sometime during the dive.
        ROPOS Configuration: Vent Fluid Sampler, Suction Sampler, Gas Tights, Imagenex, and cameras.
        Note: Nav fixes not edited in the logs. All fixes were logged, regardless of accuracy. Use the dive plots to determine actual positions.
  UTC Hour Min Depth (m) Sub Hdng (deg) UTM X UTM Y Comments Frmgrbs, Photos, Samples
     ROPOS in the water
  7 6 88 22 424231 5087291 This is the real launch time, the previous entry was wrong.
  8 10 1315 140 423873 5087133 A line got caught in the cage, preventing ROPOS from leaving the cage, and we're going to start back up.
  8 13 1239 156 423853 5087110 Correction. A line connecting the vehicle to the cage on deck was not removed, preventing ROPOS from leaving its cage. We're still coming up. Slight delay.
  9 13 1 156 423814 5088795 ROPOS came back up in order to remove the rope attaching it to the cage.
  9 36 0 123 423814 5088795 ROPOS in water again.
  10 53 1520 234 423682 5087227 ROPOS is on the bottom. Two fish. Near Mkr-33.
  10 55 1521 110 424415 5087823 Fixes no good.
  10 57 1518 8 423858 5087078 Looking for Mkr-33. ROPOS is about 24 m away from Mkr-33 according to nav.
  10 59 1523 331 423765 5087178 Fixes still no good.
  11 0 1521 17 424488 5086783 Arrive at Mkr-33. Good fix.
  11 2 1522 344 423856 5087103 Good fix. Frame grab color is good.
  11 8 1522 248 423856 5087105 Positioning HFS (Hot Fluid Sampler) probe for sampling. R485-1
11 9 1522 248 424412 5087823 Temp up to 63C during probe positioning for HFS.
  11 12 1522 228 423850 5087572 Repositioning sub. Trying to find probe position with highest Temp reading.
  11 14 1523 211 423853 5087104 Temp at about 58C
  11 15 1523 211 423861 5087105 Position of probe during sampling. R485-2
11 16 1523 210 423859 5087083 Starting sample HFS2 HFS2_dfl

_R485-1

11 17 1523 213 423842 5087728 temp 5 intake 40 on manifold. Good temps.
  11 19 1523 212 424399 5086596 Range on T2 is 37 to 49.
  11 20 1523 210 423888 5087631 Stop HFS2. Volume sampled was 56ml.
  11 22 1523 213 423857 5087108 HFS23 Piston sample for gas tight started. T1 53 HFS23_dfl

_R485-2

11 23 1523 210 423890 5087613 Done T2 42-50. vol 13 ml.
  11 25 1523 213 424443 5087470 HFS12 DNA sample. T1 = 49 T2 is 37. HFS12_dfl

_R485-3

11 34 1523 211 424410 5087494 Sample finished. max T 54.6 vol = 123ml
  11 35 1523 213 423852 5087105 HFS14 started. Bag sample. HFS14_dfl

_R485-4

11 41 1523 212 423574 5087340 Sample done vol = 10ml.
  11 43 1523 213 423860 5087082 HFS17 bag sample, no filter. Max T on last bag sample was 48.8C. HFS17_dfl

_R485-5

11 45 1523 214 424490 5088046 Video has gone bad due to bright input to overlay.
  11 45 1523 214 424287 5086270 Video OK.
  11 46 1523 212 423858 5087093 Video bad.
  11 46 1523 211 423844 5087062 Sample done. Vol = 650ml. Max T 52.5C
  11 48 1522 218 423856 5087104 Lost position. Alarm for oil reservoir empty suddenly. Shut down.
  11 50 1522 230 424104 5087602 ROPOS returning to surface due to loss of oil. Ship moving forward in order to stream ROPOS behind cage.
  11 55 1492 252 425326 5086999 VCR tapes turned off.
  13 56 186 3 422757 5088424 Begin returning ROPOS to cage.
  14 55 107 216 422710 5089068 Still having great difficulty getting the sub back into the cage.
  16 25 89 112 422710 5089068 The cage is being brought to the surface. An attempt will be made to get the sub into the cage just below surface. The earlier attempts to get the sub in the cage at around 20m did not work.
  16 49 128 123 422710 5089068 ROPOS was driven back into the cage at 128 meters, not at the surface.
  16 59 0 115 422710 5089068 ROPOS is back on deck.
      Dive Summary for R485:

ROPOS was in the water at 0706, 25 June 9. When the cage reached 1315m it was determined that ROPOS was still tied to the cage by a rope. ROPOS returned to the surface and the rope was removed. Dive was restarted at 0936.

      ROPOS reached the bottom at 1053 and Mkr-33 was located at 1100. The sampling probe for the fluid sampler was positioned in the crack, based on the highest temperature measurement. This also appeared to be the area of highest flow.
      Five HFS samples were collected. At 1148 the sub was shut down due to a loss of hydraulic oil. ROPOS returned to the surface, after some difficulty getting the sub back into the cage.



      Dive R486
      Dive objectives: Continue the dive plan from dive R485. More fluid sampling, slurp sampling, reposition bacterial traps, recover animals. Imagenex survey at end of dive.
       ROPOS configuration: Vent fluid sampler, Slurp sampler, gas tights, Imagenex, cameras.
       Note: Nav fixes not edited in the logs. All fixes were logged, regardless of accuracy. Use the dive plots to determine actual positions.
  UTC Hour Min Depth (m) Sub Hdng (deg) UTM X UTM Y Comments Frmgrbs, Photos, Samples
3 6 6 50 424231 5087291 ROPOS in the water
3 19 172 317 423702 5087374 Overlay on video turned on. Press "Super" for superimpose.
3 21 212 319 423985 5087583 going down
3 30 378 40 424411 5087396 narf, what am I doing here? R486-1
4 38 1448 332 423897 5087219 Drove ROPOS back in cage. Pulling up. Going through pretty thick plume. Water is cloudy. Lost oil pressure before made it to the bottom.
4 41 1379 327 424376 5086680 Bringing ROPOS back up. Abort dive.
5 36 1 162 421199 5087374 ROPOS on deck
5 37 2 156 421199 5087374 Dive Summary: ROPOS descended within 10 meters of the bottom when it was forced to return to the surface due to a problem with the hydraulics.


      Dive R487
       Dive Plan: Same as for R485 and R486. Primary objective is to obtain vent fluids/filtered samples along eruptive line. Will begin at Mkr-33 and end at Milky Vent area. Suction sampling will also be done at some of these sites.
       Elevator wil be recovered (weather permitting) sometime during the dive.
       Note: Nav fixes not edited in the logs. All fixes were logged, regardless of accuracy. Use the dive plots to determine actual positions.
  UTC Hour Min Depth (m) Sub Hdng (deg) UTM X UTM Y Comments Frmgrbs, Photos, Samples
15 32 1 133 421199 5087374 ROPOS in the water.
15 43 85 256 421199 5087374 test Dive 487-1
17 6 1519 87 424091 5087593 On the bottom. At Mkr-33. Viewing osmosampler. Photos 2 - 5
17 7 1521 39 424091 5087593 Osmo Sampler at Mkr-33 Dive 487-2
17 8 1521 126 424091 5087593 Taking pictures of Mkr-33. Right at the marker - viewing bacteria trap 40 and green/copper osmosampler. Took Photos 7 - 10
17 10 1524 231 423856 5087075 Checking out ROPOS gauges - making sure all is ok. Hydraulic fluid down, talk of going back to the cage.
17 12 1503 227 424345 5087694 Slowly going back to cage.
17 16 1492 176 423852 5087102 Taking a plume sample with the HFS - filter #12.
17 18 1482 206 423852 5087102 ROPOS in the cage. Staying here to take some samples of the plume. Plume filter sample for DNA with HFS - starting filter #12. HFS12_plume _R487-1
17 23 1475 178 424653 5086900 Going to stay here for around 15 minutes to take a few samples. Still pumping HFS filter #12.
17 30 1475 226 424860 5087225 Something in water column - a jellyfish I think. Photo-13
17 32 1474 116 423852 5087100 Stopped pumping filter #12 - 1502 ml pumped. Starting to pump filter #15 on HFS. HFS15_plume _R487-2
17 44 1475 256 423869 5087113 Stopped pumping HFS filter #15 - pumped 1050 ml.
17 45 1475 301 423890 5087611 Starting HFS bag sample #17.
17 51 1476 300 425149 5086724 Stopped pumping #17 - 650 ml pumped. Start pumping HFS #19 - bag with filter. HFS19_plume _R487-4
17 58 1475 207 424342 5087672 Stopped pumping #19 - 675 ml. Note that the flush pump was not on for the first half of the sample. Start to sample HFS bag #16 with no filter. HFS16_plume _R487-5
18 2 1475 226 423937 5087439 Good nav. x=3846, y=7105 - location of plume fluid sampling.
18 5 1474 212 424117 5087620 Finished pumping #16 - 598 ml pumped. Start pumping HFS filter #3, for sulfur. HFS3_plume _R487-6
18 9 1477 290 423859 5087130 Fluid volume was not recording for a few minutes - now working again.
18 19 1475 227 424340 5087684 Stopped pumping filter #3 - 130 ml pumped. Going to move the ship to a position over Cloud Vent to sample particulates in plume.
18 27 1476 217 425095 5087131 The Queen says BAD FIXES!
18 28 1476 248 423872 5087114 Moving towards Cloud - still no good fixes.
18 34 1476 205 423874 5087096 We are about half way to Cloud.
18 39 1476 275 423882 5087105 Ship finished moving - waiting for the position to settle.
18 40 1474 257 423900 5087099 Good fix at x=3898, y=7110. Between Mkr-N4 and Mkr-N6.
18 42 1474 202 424440 5086790 x=3900, y=7110 - good fix on ROPOS in cage. We are stopping here to take fluid and gas tight samples. We are flushing the gas line now.
18 44 1476 205 423907 5087096 Right over Mkr-N6.
18 46 1474 352 423900 5087100 The gas line in flushed. Preparing to trigger port gas tight - triggered port GTB at 18:47. gtb_plume _R487-7
18 48 1475 205 423897 5087098 Going to trigger the gas piston on the HFS, pump position #23. Starting to pump. Good fix x=3901, y=7111. HFS23_plume _R487-8
18 53 1476 280 423894 5087116 Triggering piston #20. HFS20_plume _R487-9
19 0 1474 198 423902 5087123 Sample R487-9 finished. 730 ml.
19 3 1476 222 423936 5087610 X = 3908, Y = 7109
19 5 1474 278 423898 5087100 Filter #21 for sulfur analysis started at 19:01. HFS21_plume _R487-10
19 10 1476 127 424385 5087640 X = 3902, Y = 713. Sample #21 finished. Piston sample #2 started. HFS22_plume _R487-11
19 17 1476 202 424442 5086790 Sample piston #2 finished. Start bag sample #18 with filter. Still at Cloud Vent. HFS_plume _R487-12
19 24 1475 267 423902 5087115 Sampler #18 finished. 60 ml.
19 25 1476 331 424385 5086607 Sampler #7 with filter started. HFS7_plume _R487-13
19 29 1474 136 423907 5087096 #7 finished. 41 ml.
19 29 1475 140 424444 5086797 Sampler #2 with filter started. HFS2_plume _R487-14
19 33 1476 323 423898 5087098 Sampler #2 finished. Ready to come to surface. Will take samples on the way up.
19 35 1474 285 423904 5087099 Starting integrated bag sampler #1 during rise through the plume because it is "fun" (Butterfield) HFS11_plume _R487-15
19 44 1254 274 423910 5087482 Stopped sampler at 19:41. Continuing to surface.
20 32       ROPOS on deck.
       Dive summary: Hydraulic failure shortly after ROPOS reached bottom. ROPOS put back into its cage from where it sampled the plumes at about 1475 m depth above Mkr-33 Vent and Cloud Vent. Returned to surface for repairs.


       Dive R488
        Dive Objectives: Same objectives as dives R485 - R487. To Mkr-33 for HFS and suction sampling, then on to Cloud and vents to the north on the '98 lava flow. Biology samples will also be collected.
       At the end of the dive and Imagenex data will be collected at the western edge of the '98 lava flow.
       Note: Nav fixes not edited in the logs. All fixes were logged, regardless of accuracy. Use the dive plots to determine actual positions.
  UTC Hour Min Depth (m) Sub Hdng (deg) UTM X UTM Y Comments Frmgrbs, Photos, Samples
4 27 1 138 423861 5087236 ROPOS in the water
5 38 1094 22 423822 5087115 Grape Jellyfish
5 59 1485 89 423822 5087132 On the way down, near bottom, in the hydrothermal plume. Water is cloudy.
6 1 1509 90 423812 5087119 On bottom. Glassy looking lobate flows.
6 3 1517 173 423826 5087129 Lava whorl
6 3 1522 262 423830 5087130 Lava whorl in sheets R488-3
6 4 1521 134 424662 5087328 Sheet flow with bacterial mat between cracks. Ropy sheets some lineations. Some fractures and steps in more or less continuous flow surface.Yellowish sed. thinly coats surface of flow but white mats concentrated on some cracks.
6 7 1520 133 423886 5087090 Looks like a possible contact with more pillowed forms in distance.
6 9 1523 276 423876 5087090 Heading west along flat sheets. Elevator in distance. Photo taken. First 4 photos were not logged here. Photo
6 11 1521 248 423867 5087067 wandering around elevator.(3 photos of elevator)
6 15 1525 190 423841 5087113 All bad fixes since we got to the bottom. More photos here and frame grab. (photo of osmoanalyzer) R488-3
6 17 1519 135 423829 5087115
 6 18 1521 212 423831 5087122 Mkr-33 FG R488-5
6 18 1520 213 423831 5087122 Mkr-33 crack in pushup in lava. R488-6
6 18 1523 210 423839 5087114 Crack at Mkr-33 R488-7
6 18 1524 213 423839 5087114 Getting close to vent in crack. Photo of vent, close up photo of venting in fissure.
6 19 1525 217 423573 5087074 Fluid sample site at Mkr-33 R488-8
6 19 1524 215 423839 5087108 Close up of vent. R488-9
6 22 1525 216 423852 5087097 Putting the fluid sampler in the vent. Temp up to 24 C. 32, 34, 35.40 max. White coating on sides of flow, scale worms and tube worms on edges and under flow. Temps going up. 68, 70. Sampling bag 14 HFS-14_dfl

_R488-1

6 27 1525 215 423837 5087112 When sample 1 HFS was taken. 70 C water T. R488-10
6 28 1525 215 423756 5087359 Diffuse flow hot water sampling, temps in upper 60's.
6 34 1525 218 423838 5087110 Sample stopped at 6:34. Max temp 70.4
6 35 1524 217 423838 5087111 Another sample from same site. Filter 6.  



HFS-6_dfl _R488-2
6 38 1525 216 423832 5087121 Temp as high as 73.2 C at this site during sampling. frame grab taken here. Sampling filter 6
6 39 1525 218 423717 5087586 Sampling At Mkr-33 with the old HFS R488-11
6 42 1525 217 424658 5087313 Bad tearing on the video.
6 45 1525 214 423838 5087108 lost video signal
6 48 1525 216 424662 5087314 Stopping sampling, max 73.2 degrees.
6 49 1525 218 423832 5087109 Going to sample filter 15 of fluid sampler starting at 6:50 max temp 73.9 C. HFS-15_dfl _R488-3
6 51 1525 218 423291 5087263 Worms galore at Mkr-33 R488-12
6 52 1525 214 423838 5087112 Sampling temp rising up to 78.
6 56 1525 218 425062 5086927 More worms at Mkr-33 R488-13
7 3 1524 215 423849 5087100 Stopping sampling. 1.5 liters. Taking stb. gas tight. Same diffuse vent site. 68.8 C. gtb-7_dfl_R488-4
7 5 1525 216 423837 5087112 Yet more worms at Mkr-33 R488-14
7 5 1525 216 423836 5087112 Ended gas tight.
7 10 1525 214 423829 5087128 R488-15
7 10 1525 215 423836 5087113 Photo of palm worms at Mkr-33. Now we're looking at the honey bear in the slurp sampler - I'm sorry I gave you bad MOJO. Photo-13
7 13 1525 220 423840 5087111 Slurping up palm worms from the crack at Mkr-33. Started sample at 07:15. SS-j1_bio

_R488-5

7 19 1524 211 423837 5087113 Frame Grab of suction sampler sucking up palm worms at Mkr-33. R488-16
7 19 1524 213 423837 5087113 Suction of worms at Mkr-33 R488-17
7 22 1525 214 423890 5087319 Looking at bottle J4 at the palm worms-suctioning more.
7 27 1525 218 423838 5087114 Still trying to get more worms and bacterial mat in bottle J1.
7 30 1524 216 423838 5087110 Honey Bear in J1 at Mkr-33 R488-18
7 32 1525 222 423838 5087111 Still sucking palm worms into bottle J1.
7 41 1525 218 423838 5087112 Spewing rocks out of the suction sampler hose.
7 42 1524 217 423838 5087113 Done with Jar J1. Flushing the line.
7 43 1524 214 423830 5087140 Oops, honey bear is in jar #4 R488-19
7 44 1525 218 423823 5087105 Checking the suction sampler for a possible problem-trying to flush.
7 48 1525 218 423827 5087120 We are successfully flushing - the bear is dancing.
7 52 1525 215 423837 5087115 We're in bottle #3 to suction bacterial mat in the crack of Mkr-33. SS-3_mat _R488-6
7 55 1525 231 423826 5087135 Suction sample of bacterial mat at Mkr-33 R488-20
7 56 1525 229 423826 5087135 Suctioning up bacterial mat and a few worms at Mkr-33 R488-21
8 2 1524 244 423839 5087106 Because we're not getting our fourth transponder, we're getting good fixes but they're offset from the real position by 20 m to the northwest.
8 2 1524 243 423840 5087113 Jar #3 with bacterial mat from Mkr-33 R488-22
8 3 1524 245 423834 5087113 Still sucking on bottle 3.
8 6 1524 216 423837 5087107 Moving elsewhere along the crack to get more bacterial mat in Jar 3. Moved 1 m to the side.
8 11 1524 226 423820 5087110 Suction bottle 3 full of bacterial mat and worms. R488-23
8 11 1524 225 423820 5087110 Now we're getting ready to go to Snail Vent to collect snails! 30 m at 110 will take us there.
8 13 1524 226 423829 5087137 Saw a scale worm (Lepidonotopodium) covered in bacterial mat- it has no gills.
8 15 1523 89 423838 5087122 Ropy sheet flows.
8 17 1523 91 423718 5087582 Sheet flows sort of like broken up shelf steps, covered in orangey iron rich sediment/bacterial goop. Looks primarily inorganic.
8 19 1523 354 423846 5087122 We can see some more venting in a crack here - looking for Snail still, but we are investigating this crack with diffuse flow coming out. There are lots of gastropods and tube worms.
8 21 1524 328 423852 5087127 Problems with video.
8 21 1525 328 423851 5087128 Photo of snail vent. The sulfide worm is here- sorry, they're not tube worms. Photo-14
8 22 1524 319 423558 5087585 Snail vent w/ worms. R488-24
8 22 1524 319 423558 5087585 Worms at Snail vent R488-25
8 23 1524 313 423855 5087126 Same worms at Snail vent R488-26
8 23 1525 312 423856 5087122 We see Paralvinella sulfincola or pandorae? We're not sure. Photo-16
8 24 1525 307 423845 5087143 Photos of worms. We're pretty sure this isn't Snail, it's just further down the crack from Mkr-33.  



Photo-17
8 26 1525 304 423857 5087124 We're going to take a few minutes to look for the real Snail Vent now since we don't have the right mesh for this.
8 27 1526 350 423855 5087124 Dead tube worms covered with bacteria near Snail vent. R488-27
8 27 1524 64 423852 5087133 Lumpy lavas - looks pretty lobate. We're seeing some dead tube worms overgrown with bacterial white gooey mat. There is orange stuff floating around. Looking at some of these cool lava arches. Very cool. Photos 18 - 20
8 28 1524 79 423857 5087127 Still searching for Snail. We think we've found it.
8 28 1524 79 423857 5087127 Still searching for Snail. We think we've found it.
8 30 1520 109 423856 5087147 Drained lava lake, lava pillars, lots of neat lava structures.
8 31 1523 110 423858 5087142 We are at Snail! Right near Mkr-N8. There are tons of snails and scale worms too. Photo-21

Photo-22

8 32 1525 73 423872 5087105 We can see some pretty intense webby mat, bag creatures, snails, scale worms.
8 33 1524 64 423872 5087112 We will be suction sampling fauna into Jar J4. SS-j4_bio_ R488-7
8 36 1525 43 423776 5087656 Preparing to sample from Snail Vent.
8 37 1525 14 423851 5087145 Suctioning snails from Snail Vent. R488-28
8 39 1525 357 423851 5087153 Commencing suctioning at Snail Vent.
8 40 1525 3 423848 5087148 Suctioning Snails at Snail Vent R488-29
8 43 1525 63 424463 5086862 Sample R488-7 is looking god.
8 45 1525 68 423884 5087067 The lava is quite flimsy - lots of bacterial action. Note: Julie is using sound effects.
8 48 1525 74 423776 5087352 Still suctioning and spewing at Snail Vent.
8 50 1525 77 424160 5088133 Filter on J4 looks clogged. Trying for a few more snails.
8 52 1525 76 423853 5087141 Suctioning snails at Snail Vent R488-30
8 58 1525 76 423852 5087150 Finished sampling Jar J4.
9 2 1525 78 423842 5087049 Taking a temperature measurement at Snail Vent with the Fluid Sampler temperature probe.
9 3 1525 79 423845 5087056 Max temp is 13.0 C
9 7 1525 77 424571 5087286 We are now making our way to Cloud Vent for Fluid Sampling and Suction Sampling.
9 9 1524 13 423842 5087048 Just finished suction sampling at Snail, and are heading to Cloud vent.
9 11 1522 59 423491 5087529 At Cloud vent. Photos of the approach. Photo-23

Photo-24

9 12 1524 331 424902 5086973 Fixes are still NOT good. We're on the west side of Cloud.
9 14 1526 336 423868 5087049 At Cloud. There are tube worms (small clumps and sparse individuals) and very dense aggregations of polynoids. Will probe for temperature at this location to decide whether to sample here or at the marker location (mkr N4)
9 17 1526 330 423844 5087048 Worms at Cloud vent R488-31
9 18 1525 341 424119 5086879 Lots more tube worms sparsely distributed in the cracks. Don't see any good grabbable clumps yet though.
9 21 1522 256 423870 5087053 We found Mkr-N4 - there are traps, worms, mat, polynoids and scale worms.
9 22 1525 246 423904 5087109 Mkr-N4 R488-34
9 22 1525 252 423870 5087053 Bacteria traps at Cloud vent, Mkr-N4 R488-32
9 23 1525 245 423841 5087043 We're at the western edge of this vent.
9 24 1525 246 423710 5087512 Take it back- we're looking west. Temp around 8 and 9 C.
9 25 1525 245 423742 5087112 The temperature near the bacterial traps is 18 C. The traps already have grazers on them and they were put down a mere 3 days ago! We just saw the new species of worm!
9 28 1524 258 423839 5087056 Photo of mkr N4. Photo
9 31 1524 355 423841 5087053 Probing for temperature right in between bacteria traps at Mkr-N4. Polynoids in view, and the 'unknown polynoid'. Temps up to 18 degrees C.
9 36 1523 259 423839 5087058 Cloud vent (N4) with traps and worms R488-35
9 35 1523 271 423839 5087058 Mkr-N4. Swimming polynoid. Took several photos
9 38 1524 243 423844 5087042 Still probing for temperature trying to find a good place to fluid sample. Up to 18.4 degrees C.
9 43 1524 243 423486 5087525 Taking a fluid sample - bag #17 with no filter. Starting to sample at 09:4. Took Photo-29  



HFS-17_dfl

_R488-8

9 50 1524 243 424560 5087266 stopped filter sample
9 58 1524 242 423844 5087051 Scream mask at N4? R488-39
9 59 1524 243 423844 5087051 View of new scale worms. Lots o' flow and heat - 19.1 degrees C.
10 1 1524 243 423824 5087095 New species of worm at Mkr-N4 (Cloud vent) R488-41
10 1 1524 242 423824 5087095 GREAT close up of new scale worm!
10 2 1524 241 423907 5087074 Distant view of new species of worm at Mkr-N4 R488-42
10 5 1523 249 423907 5087073 Going to look for the 'hotter hole' in the vicinity of Mkr-N4. Photos 30 - 33
10 8 1524 242 423774 5087292 Lots of sparse tube worms. Jumbled lava. Photos 32 and 33.
10 11 1525 354 424006 5086794 Cloud abyss R488-43
10 10 1522 70 423795 5087166 At a different hot spot in Cloud area now, can't say exactly where. A big hole with lots of venting. Sparse tube worms. Stopping to take a temperature reading. Photo-34
10 15 1525 326 423846 5087052 The pit at Mkr-N6 R488-44
10 14 1525 327 423841 5087051 Temperature up to 20 degrees C. We are at Mkr-N6. Some kind of lava drainage pit. Photo-35
10 21 1526 332 423827 5087036 Started piston sample #2 at 10:10. Temperature up to 20.3 degrees C. HFS-2_df

l_R488-9

10 23 1526 329 424480 5087601 Navigation has moved position of Mkr-N4 from where it was last year to x=423905.9, y=5087109.6 - based on big Keith's piloting.
10 25 1526 334 423536 5086617 Stopping pumping into piston #2- 615 ml pumped . Starting gas piston #24 in same spot. HFS-24_dfl _R488-10
10 27 1526 330 423712 5087520 Stopped pumping #24 - 130 ml pumped. Starting to pump bottle #3 with a filter on HFS at 10:28. HFS-3_dfl

_R488-11

10 30 1526 332 423868 5087511 Tube worm at N6 R4845
10 34 1526 332 423714 5087518 Sample #3 stopped - 672 ml pumped.
10 35 1526 330 423871 5087062 Flushing the line for a GTB sample - planning to fire the port GTB.
10 38 1525 331 424718 5087025 Firing port side gas tight bottle. Temperature 20.3 degrees C. gtb_dfl_R488-12
10 42 1525 335 424691 5087066 Start pumping filter #7 on HFS - for sulfur. Still in same spot at Mkr-N6. HFS-7_dfl

_R488-13

10 48 1525 331 423956 5087073 Hightlight on
10 48 1525 328 423956 5087073 Scale worms R488-47
10 48 1525 334 423956 5087073 Worms at N6 (Cloud) R488-46
10 49 1525 333 423717 5087515 Scale worms: high density at N6: eranchintogluma (genus) R488-48
10 50 1525 329 423806 5087148 Stopping sample, 80ml volume.
10 51 1525 329 423845 5087046 Still photo of scale worms in high density and tube worms. Photo
10 51 1525 330 424689 5087060 scale worms at N6 R488-49
10 53 1525 331 423859 5087062 Completed fluid sampling, now going to maker N4 to do suction sampling.
10 55 1525 335 423843 5087047 No good nav. It's getting worse.
11 1 1521 92 423862 5086990 Heading back to N4 to do suction sampling.
11 7 1522 44 423453 5086878 Nav still bad.
11 7 1522 163 423453 5086878 Still photo Photo
11 10 1519 354 423453 5086878 Still photo Photo
11 11 1521 306 424409 5087694 Positioning at N4 to begin particle sampling.
11 13 1522 243 423910 5087074 Flushing the suction sampler bottle with honey bear.
11 18 1523 243 423845 5087051 Temp 18.2 from earlier reading. Positioning suction sampling probe.
11 19 1523 245 424586 5087587 Starting suction sample J3
11 21 1523 246 423470 5086849 Repositioning probe.
11 22 1523 244 423470 5086849 Position of suction probe. R488-50
11 23 1523 245 423470 5086849 suction sample SS-j3_dfl

_R488-14

11 29 1523 243 423887 5087133 Stopping J3 but will come back to it later on.
11 35 1523 263 425230 5086788 Begin suction sampling in 1 for mat material for Moyer. Sucked some rocks. SS-1_mat

_R488-15

11 42 1523 288 424695 5087420 Still sampling for mat but adding in a new worm or two as well. Sampler is reversed periodically to back flush rocks.
11 48 1523 285 424958 5087258 Still sampling for mat material.
11 52 1523 287 423885 5087127 Finished sampling on bottle 1. Mats and worms.
11 53 1523 285 423888 5087134 Returning to jar J3 to continue sampling for snails, mat, etc.
11 56 1523 247 423886 5087137 Repositioning to sample for J3 to sample for animals.
11 58 1523 246 423874 5087582 Probe arm dislodged a large rock and caused a debris storm.
11 59 1523 246 424953 5087259 Begin sampling scale worms into J3
12 4 1523 239 423894 5086984 Mkr-N4 R488-51
12 4 1523 239 423894 5086984 Trying to collect snails.
12 10 1523 235 423870 5087118 Still collecting animals in J3.
12 13 1523 234 423889 5087127 ROPOS is repositioning, will continue with J3.
12 16 1523 270 423890 5087126 Resume sampling J3.
12 19 1523 260 423889 5087126 Finished with J3. Going to the bear bottle (J4) for tube worm. Bottle 2 will be particulate.
12 21 1523 260 423888 5087126 Correction the bear is in bottle 4 not J4.
12 21 1523 261 423889 5087123 VCR tapes were changed at 1204
12 22 1523 260 423889 5087123 Honey Bear R488-52
12 22 1523 260 423891 5087127 Still photo. Photo
12 23 1523 268 424953 5087255 ROPOS is repositioning.
12 24 1523 261 423890 5087126 Begin worm sampling in flushing bottle. SS-4_bio

_R488-16

12 25 1523 278 423890 5087126 ROPOS is repositioning.
12 28 1522 281 423890 5087125 Continuing to sample worms.
12 30 1522 300 424334 5086908 ROPOS made a short reposition move. Sampling more worms.
12 35 1522 246 423891 5087125 ROPOS repositioned for last attempt at worms.
12 37 1522 266 423890 5087126 Sample completed. Will go back to N6 to do a particulate sample.
12 40 1522 218 423890 5087127 ROPOS is repositioning to N6. Highlights on.
12 44 1524 339 423888 5087136 Still photo back at N6 Photo
12 45 1524 349 423887 5087142 Highlights off.
12 47 1524 354 423904 5087113 Start sample J2 at Mkr-N6 for particulates. SS-j2_dfl

_488-17

12 56 1524 1 423892 5087121 We have a problem. The fluid sampler probe has been broken off. Suction sampler is stopped. Probe is broken of at support plate.
12 58 1524 4 423894 5087128 Broken probe for fluid sampler. R488-53
13 0 1524 1 423889 5087128 Testing the 7 function arm to see if it has been damaged. So far it looks ok. It may be possible to still sample with the probe. Probe itself still looks functional.
13 4 1524 1 423892 5087122 Highlights on.
13 6 1524 4 423894 5087128 Tube worms and large Pandorae at N6. R488-54
13 6 1524 6 423893 5087129 Finished sampling at N6 and will move back to the cage before moving north.
13 7 1522 24 423894 5087128 Still photo of worms at N6. Photo
13 9 1517 218 423889 5087128 Heading back to the cage.
13 10 1488 256 423889 5087128 Navigation is still not god.
13 11 1492 294 423884 5087043 Back at the cage.
13 13 1521 4 423853 5087096 ROPOS is on the bottom, heading north about 30m to Nascent vent. Hightlights on.
13 15 1521 4 423839 5087117 Still photo of bottom near Mkr-33. Photo
13 16 1521 360 423839 5087117 Photo of bottom near Mkr-33 photo
13 16 1522 3 423839 5087117 Orange stain on bottom. Photo
13 17 1521 4 423839 5087117 same as above photo
13 17 1520 4 424838 5086690 photo of dead tube worm group photo
13 18 1519 3 424838 5086690 No fixes
13 18 1517 6 425154 5087185 bottom Photo
13 19 1518 3 423834 5087138 Lava pillars. photo
13 21 1516 2 423846 5087134 Stopping highlights.
13 23 1519 4 424973 5087277 Photo of collapsed area with pillars. photo
13 24 1518 6 423653 5087813 Pillar Photo
13 24 1518 4 423841 5087120 bacterial mat on pillar photo
13 25 1518 7 423843 5087160 Edge of collapse area. photo
13 25 1517 7 423843 5087160 collapse pit photo
13 26 1518 2 423843 5087160 Highlights on and photo photo
13 27 1518 6 423836 5087175 collapse area Photo
13 29 1518 1 423840 5087203 photo of rattail. photo
13 31 1517 12 423840 5087214 Photo of lobates Photo
13 31 1517 32 423848 5087239 Rat tail R488-55
13 33 1518 33 423850 5087261 Photo of edge of collapse area. Maybe with crab. photo
13 34 1516 32 423851 5087259 Just changed the dive # on sit overlay from 487 to 488.
13 36 1517 29 423872 5087293 Signs of venting.
13 36 1516 34 423872 5087293 photo of area near Nascent vent. photo
13 37 1518 38 424187 5086782 Bottom showing signs of wear, hydrothermal activity. photo
13 38 1516 38 423901 5087309 Bottom. Getting some fixes. photo
13 39 1518 31 423877 5087352 Bacterial stain near edge of collapse area. photo
13 41 1517 3 423910 5087354 Bottom showing staining. photo
13 42 1518 359 423910 5087354 photo of live worms (but stressed?) photo
13 42 1518 6 423905 5087359 Bottom showing circular marks. photo
13 44 1518 357 423903 5087378 MTR line, shimmering water at Nascent photo
13 44 1518 340 423903 5087378 photo photo
13 45 1517 31 423904 5087388 Nascent photo
13 45 1517 31 423904 5087388 Nascent Vent R488-56
13 46 1518 68 423902 5087380 photo
13 46 1518 99 423902 5087380 photo
13 46 1518 107 423905 5087384 I think we just took 4 photos of Nascent. photo
13 46 1518 110 423904 5087387 position of MTR photo
13 46 1518 114 423904 5087387 Nascent Vent R488-57
13 47 1518 113 423905 5087389 photo
13 47 1518 113 423905 5087389 Positioning probe of fluid sampler (detached from arm.)
13 48 1518 113 423894 5087376 Checking water temp = 4C
13 49 1518 115 423910 5087372 Highlights off. Temp up to 10C
13 50 1518 114 424110 5086989 Up to 12C on temp.
13 52 1518 113 423894 5087376 HFS1 bag with a filter on it ready to start.
13 53 1518 115 423894 5087376 start HFS11 488-18 at Nascent vent next to MTR HFS-11_dfl

_488-18

13 55 1519 112 423894 5087492 Highlights of. Temp is 10-1C during sampling.
13 57 1518 115 423875 5087532 Highlights.
13 57 1518 113 423875 5087532 Nascent Vent near MTR R488-58
      Tube worms at Nascent. Scale worms. R488-59
14 0 1519 115 423907 5087395 Sample HFS1 is complete.
14 0 1519 110 423908 5087396 Max T during sampling was 15.5C.
14 4 1519 112 423906 5087381 Position of MTR with critters at Nascent. R488-60
14 6 1516 355 424900 5087534 Photo of bottom before moving photo
14 6 1519 349 425126 5087098 same photo
14 7 1518 356 423904 5087392 photo of bottom photo
14 7 1517 356 423904 5087392 photo photo
14 8 1518 357 423990 5086180 photo
14 5 1519 114 423905 5087383 R488-61
14 8 1519 5 423990 5086180 bags on rope fish photo
14 8 1518 4 423990 5086180 Nascent Vent R488-62
14 9 1519 7 423905 5087407 VCR tapes changed.
14 9 1519 9 423905 5087409 Rat tail at Nascent vent R488-63
14 9 1519 10 423904 5087412 feeding rat tail w/ worms MTR at Mkr-N41 photo
14 10 1519 13 423908 5087409 Highlights off and photo photo
14 13 1517 3 423905 5087413 Getting ready to move to pit. Fe staining photo
14 13 1518 2 424683 5087400 Photo of Fe staining photo
14 14 1519 20 423893 5087418 Highlights on.
14 16 1517 7 423895 5087423 Heading to pit vent.
14 16 1516 358 423895 5087423 Highlights off.
14 21 1518 344 423894 5087427 photo of 1998 lava flow during traverse between Nascent and The Pit. Lobate uncollapsed part of flow. Few vents now, but lots of tan iron staining. 2 photos
14 24 1517 346 423628 5087169 lobate flow. small pockets of white mats between lobes. sparse crabs 3 photos
14 26 1519 345 423880 5087477 lobate roof. some pillows. few vent pockets photo
14 27 1519 345 423872 5087481 lobate lavas - mostly black now (little staining or venting). some collapsed lobes photo
14 29 1518 340 424951 5087500 lobate lava. sea star. ophuriods. 2 photo
14 30 1518 342 424394 5087609 seemed like we went over a contact into newer-looking glassy lava. maybe a kipuka of older lava? photo
14 31 1518 341 423849 5087537 remnants of brown mat on lava
14 33 1519 337 423851 5087538 2 calanoid copapods on clump of flock R488-64
14 34 1518 345 423852 5087552 black shiny lobate lava. minor brown staining.
14 35 1518 348 423845 5087569 photo photo
14 36 1518 347 423823 5087607 Good fix
14 37 1518 344 423823 5087607 photo of collapse area photo
14 37 1518 341 423823 5087607 photo bottom with crab photo
14 39 1518 345 423816 5087608 collapse area photo
14 40 1518 343 423816 5087608 collapse area photo
14 40 1520 344 423816 5087608 collapse area photo
14 41 1517 340 423786 5087698 good fix
14 44 1518 349 423746 5087736 Arrived at pit
14 44 1518 344 423746 5087736 photo of pillars at Pit photo
14 46 1519 345 423737 5087754 Highlights on.
14 47 1518 348 423742 5087774 Lava pillar. photo
14 54 1518 334 424881 5087801 At Mkr-N1 - 'The Pit'. Lobate flows. Lots of orange floc in water and in cracks. Sunken collapsed pit with white mat. Looks like venting has reduced from last year. photo
14 56 1519 287 423707 5087831 Putting the temperature probe in the pit to test for anomalies.
15 1 1517 302 424678 5087832 Only a 0.2 degrees C anomaly. Will not fluid sample here.
15 1 1518 356 424678 5087832 Collapsed area. photo
15 2 1518 330 424678 5087832 Heading north from Pit towards Roof vent.
15 3 1518 360 423692 5087831 Lobate flow with orange iron oxides. photo of crab.  



photo
15 5 1519 2 423680 5087855 Rattail.
15 5 1519 3 423680 5087855 Rat tail fish observed during move from N1 to Roof R488-65
15 13 1519 346 424755 5087872 Lava pillars. photo
15 14 1518 357 423693 5087877 Uncollapsed roof on lobate flow held up by pillars observed on route to the Roof location. R488-66
15 14 1519 356 424755 5087872 Collapsed area - pillars and caverns. Old lava flow supported by pillars.
15 17 1518 2 423703 5087899 Zoarcid fish swimming away from us. Stopped and is sinking in the water column.
15 19 1518 358 423690 5087931 Still heading north towards Roof - about 20 m to go. Another fish in view.
15 20 1518 350 423682 5087933 Arched layered pillar structure.  

Photo
15 20 1518 356 423690 5087942 Pillars in lobate flows observed on route to Roof"" R488-68
15 22 1519 355 423687 5087952 Pillar with hole at top in lobate flow. R488-69
15 22 1519 353 423687 5087952 Small pillar with a sunken depression on top - hollow inside. Photo
15 23 1518 359 423690 5087969 Two crabs. Photo
15 26 1518 358 423683 5088011 Photo of bacterial mat at base of a cavern. Photo
15 28 1518 357 423683 5088054 Lobate lava. Photo
15 30 1520 6 424731 5086196 Ugly rattail.
15 31 1519 357 422818 5083961 Lobate flow with a little bacteria. Photo
15 32 1519 1 423634 5088073 Highlights of oxide mat/deposits on lobate lavas. Photo
15 34 1520 1 423691 5088124 Photo of rattail in a small pit. Photo
15 35 1521 356 423695 5088134 At Mkr-N9 (MiniSnow). No profuse white floc like last year, but just a bit of white mat with mostly orange iron deposits. NO ANIMALS.
15 38 1522 356 423695 5088134 Probing for temperature at mkr N9. Found an anomaly - up to 3.4 of a degree C.
15 42 1522 354 423408 5087354 Start to sample bottle #18 of HFS at mkr N9. A scale worm and a few limpets here. HFS-18_dfl _R488-19
15 48 1522 351 423755 5087941 Close ups of orange stuff - looks like mat? sediment? Looking around while doing the fluid sampling.
15 51 1522 356 423701 5088129 Stopping sample - pumped 720 ml. Highest temperature was 4 degrees C.
15 54 1521 318 423714 5088135 Moving north again towards marker N3. Photo
15 55 1521 348 423689 5088161 Dead bush of tube worms - dead and covered with the orange mat/sediment stuff. Photo
15 55 1522 342 423689 5088161 Dead tube worm bush covered in orange sediment and surrounded by white mat observed on route to N3 R488-72
15 57 1522 338 424602 5088298 Lots of orange and white mats in between lobates.
15 59 1522 338 425156 5087802 Bright red sediment/mat, much darker red then the typical orange mat we've been seeing. Photo

Photo

16 0 1522 345 425156 5087802 Red material found on bottom on route to N3 R488-73
16 2 1523 328 425156 5087802 Collapsed pit. Photo
16 4 1525 336 423672 5088214 Folded sheet flow lava.
16 5 1526 341 423672 5088214 Jumbled lava, we are probably down in the collapsed area.
16 8 1526 336 423672 5088214 Just came up past talus over a wall, out of the collapsed pit. Photo
16 15 1528 334 423632 5088288 Palm worm and scale worm in vent near N3 R488-74
16 9 1526 335 423672 5088214 Lobate lava flows with lots of bacterial mat in cracks. Lots of snails, a palm worm. Going in to probe for temperature. Good fix for this location: 3635,8290. T max at 16 degrees C. Near Mkr-N3. Starting to suck piston #20 of HFS at 16:16. 2 Photos

HFS-20_dfl _R488-20

16 22 1528 333 423633 5088284 Stopped pumping #20 - aprox. 650 ml.
16 26 1528 339 423632 5088286 Starting to pump filter #2 of HFS for XRF. HFS-2_dfl

_R488-21

16 31 1528 334 423632 5088285 The poor bear. he earned this trip down. he sleeps with the worms and stuff. R488-75
16 33 1528 331 423626 5088302 Stopped pumping into #2. Max temp was 17.3 degrees C and 80 ml was pumped.
16 38 1528 336 423626 5088292 starting new sample. gas piston. HFS-5_dfl

_R488-22

16 40 1528 337 423626 5088292 photo at sampling site. pulling sampler out of vent. near marker-N3 photo
16 43 1526 28 423627 5088293 We're on the MOVE! North to Milky vent!
16 46 1528 30 423652 5088318 More dark red sediment/mat interspersed with regular orange mat.
16 50 1526 31 423676 5088347 Lineated sheet flow. Not striated. Why? because it's lineated (Bill Chadwick quote). Photo
16 56 1528 3 423700 5088402 We were in ropy to jumbled sheet flow, but now in a lineated patch. So probably in a collapse. Photo
17 16 1529 313 423672 5088425 Found the Osmosampler at Milky vent!
17 19 1532 57 423664 5088421 At the OSMO - Mkr N2 is at Milky Vent. There is also a bacteria trap here.
17 21 1532 71 423666 5088428 Osmo sampler at N2-Milky R488-76
17 22 1532 54 423671 5088429 Osmo sampler at Milky R488-77
17 23 1532 57 423671 5088429 Osmo sampler intake at Milky w/Bacteria trap next to it. R488-79
17 25 1532 58 423664 5088427 Flushing the HFS and taking temperature measurements
17 35 1532 61 423665 5088437 Starting to sample bag #19 of HFS at 17:36. HFS-19_dfl _R488-23
17 43 1532 64 422984 5088429 Stopped sampling #19, got 70 ml, max. temp. 3.4 degrees C.
17 44 1532 64 422984 5088429 Main gauge shows the low hydraulic pressure for the ROPOS system R488-80
17 46 1532 64 423665 5088428 Heading to Easy Vent. About 20 m north of Milky.
17 52 1532 62 422976 5088456 Before we leave for Easy we are trying to pick up the osmosampler from Milky.
17 53 1527 27 423666 5088426 We are leaving Milky (Mkr N2) with the osmosampler in the port arm. Trying to get a better grip on the osmo.
17 59 1529 337 424763 5088447 Have the osmo. Heading to Easy.
18 1 1531 0 423670 5088428 Crab near Milky R488-81
18 1 1531 359 423670 5088428 Crab in view. Very strange lava morphology.
18 5 1531 293 423671 5088450 Area near Easy Vent. Photo
18 6 1532 306 423661 5088451 Little oxide mounds. Photo
18 7 1527 201 425416 5087550 Tubular lobate lavas.
18 9 1528 222 423676 5088455 Good ROPOS fix. Should be a couple meters to the NW.
18 10 1529 225 423033 5088302 Going to go north laterally along the Milky-Magnesia line. Couldn't find Easy, so we're going to check out if there is other venting along the line.
18 12 1527 3 423033 5088302 Out of the collapsed area into lobate flows.
18 16 1526 343 423678 5088468 Photo
18 16 1526 349 423678 5088468 Only a little white-ish mat along the line of venting from last year. It seems like the venting has subsided significantly in the last year. 2 Photos
18 20 1527 8 423668 5088495 Nearing Ouzo Vent. Some residual bacterial mat in a deep crack. Photo
18 29 1533 350 423689 5088525 Going in with HFS probe to sample temp at Ouzo? vent - max temp is 3.6 degrees C. Difficulty getting the probe all the way into the crack. Fix on this location is x=3668, y=8518.
18 33 1533 356 423689 5088525 Taking temp between lavas in crack. Highest T is not in the deepest part of hole. Temps in mid 3 degrees, higher up in hole. Fluid sample 16 at 18:37, bag without filter HFS-16_dfl _R488-24
18 40 1534 353 423676 5088519 End fluid sampling, highest T 3.8, but 3.5 when sampling
18 42 1530 184 423668 5088515 Going back to cage for tether management.
18 48 1529 48 423656 5088504 Pillar connected to roof or arch near the stern of ship/cage/Ouzo vent. R488-83
18 48 1529 48 423656 5088504 Down by cage, collapse area with nice pillars supporting collapsed roof. Photo of roof Photo
18 50 1530 85 423645 5088519 Traversing back to Ouzo Vent after tether management.
18 51 1528 92 423701 5088502 Tree pillars in sequence near Ouzo vent. R488-84
18 52 1528 112 423701 5088502 pilars photo
19 6 1521 242 423641 5088484 Good fix.
19 14 1528 90 423686 5088500 Photo taken in error photo
19 15 1528 266 423696 5088494 hmm crappy timing R488-85
19 15 1528 241 423696 5088494 Good fix.
19 20 1529 95 423683 5088508 pillar R488-86
19 24 1532 321 423671 5088516 paw print R488-87
19 23 1530 311 423680 5088510 Arrived at Ouzo, finally. Will try to sample water.
19 35 1527 295 423658 5088515 Repeating . Looking for place that sampling started at 18:40 was interrupted by need for tether management.
19 41 1528 58 423655 5088543 At a previously undiscovered small vent about 10 m south of Magnesia Vent. Named Whiteout Vent
19 45 1530 60 423656 5088554 whiteout vent R488-88
19 46 1530 62 423658 5088545 more blind temp probing R488-89
19 46 1530 53 423658 5088546 T max = 4.6 C R488-90
19 47 1530 53 423658 5088546 HFS sampler piston #23 getting ready. X = 3365.9 Y = 8526 with offset.
19 52 1531 344 423658 5088547 Start sampling piston #23. HFS-23_dfl _R488-25
19 57 1531 343 424852 5085576 Sampling #23 piston completed. 60 ml. Max. T 5.6 C.
20 0 1531 344 425382 5088120 Start DNA filter set #12 at same place as #23 at Whiteout Vent at 20:02.
  20 5 1531 353 423651 5088552 Highlights tape on. Panning around Whiteout Vent while sampling. HFS-12_dfl _R488-26
20 11 1531 354 423555 5088719 Stopped sampling at 20:1. 1020 ml. T max. 5.1 C.

Next sample is bag #9 with filter.

20 12 1531 356 423656 5088550 Start sample #9. Bag has a POC (particulate organic mater) filter HFS-9_dfl _R488-27
20 18 1532 356 423449 5088873 Stopped sampling at 20.18 681 ml. Max. T 4.3 C.

Start HFS sampler filter #1 for FISH (fluorescent in situ hybridization). Photo

HFS-1_dfl

_R488-28

20 22 1531 355 423654 5088548 shelf with hotter fluid on other side (video confused) R488-91
20 24 1531 358 423594 5088576 another shot of the shelf or plateau R488-92
20 25 1531 359 423553 5088710 lava bridge covered in snow (top previously referred to as "shelf" R488-93
20 27 1531 1 423656 5088558 polynoid close-up R488-94
20 28 1531 358 423678 5088562 oozing polynoid (maybe it doesn't like the company) R488-95
20 28 1531 358 423678 5088562 Stopped sampling. 105 ml. Max. T 5.1 C.Highlights on.
20 30 1531 357 423678 5088562 Start HFS sample #10 with filter for lipids. HFS-10_dfl _R488-29
20 35 1531 2 429242 5083886 Stopped HFS sampler.
20 41 1531 358 423649 5088552 Start HFS filter #21 at 20:40 HFS-21_dfl _R488-30
20 41 1531 358 424152 5088238 I now have light that doesn't interfere with anyone and I can finally see the keyboard. (Steve)
20 53 1531 358 424600 5087761 smile button in a more reflective mood R488-96
20 53 1531 358 423648 5088554 snow blowing R488-97
20 53 1531 357 423648 5088554 snow blowing II R488-98
20 54 1531 357 423651 5088558 Stopped sampling. 1542 ml. T max 5.0 C Next will be HFS piston #4
20 56 1531 356 424673 5088570 Started HFS piston sample at 20:56. Still at same place at Whiteout Vent. HFS-4_dfl

_R488-31

20 56 1531 358 423673 5088557 lava bridge again (higher flow on other side?) R488-99
21 2 1531 359 423651 5088553 Stopped sampler. 650 ml. T max 4.2 C Next (last) is HFS filter set #13.
21 7 1531 1 423659 5088555 Started sampling DNA filter set #13 at 21:04. HFS-13_dfl _R488-32
21 11 1531 0 423622 5088584 white out R488-100
21 12 1531 1 423588 5088578 plume at white out R488-101
21 14 1531 360 423653 5088558 plume at white out R488-102
21 17 1531 359 423653 5088558 plume at white out R488-103
21 17 1531 359 423653 5088558 Getting suction sample jar J2 ready at Whiteout Vent.
21 20 1531 358 423650 5088554 Stopped DNA filter sample. End of HFS sampling - al l containers are full.
21 26 1532 14 423650 5088554 Start suction sample into jar J2. Intake is dangling (5 function is holding a recovered osmosampler) over the snowblower at Whiteout Vent at same place where all HFS samples were taken. SS-j2_dfl

_R488-3

      Will be a slow process. Considered opinion is that the floc is mucus - bound sulfur produced by bacteria.
21 39 1532 10 423654 5088555 you WORM! R488-104
22 0 1532 15 423710 5088526 End suction sample in jar J2 at Whiteout Vent.
22 5 1531 84 423648 5088552 Leaving Whiteout vent R488-105
22 5 1531 82 423648 5088552 Highlights on. Whiteout Vent.
22 7 1531 72 423648 5088552 Whiteout vent R488-106
22 7 1531 73 423648 5088552 Photo of Whiteout Vent. Counter says #174 or 177. Monitor says #198. Take your pick, or none of these.
22 11 1522 59 423652 5088540 Highlight video stopped.
22 16 1478 274 420625 5088006 All video recording stopped. Getting ready for (yawn) Imagenex single line back to elevator.
22 28 4397 268 423568 5088479 Oil reservoir has only 4% left on sub display.
22 47 1510 322 423418 5088499 Starting Imagenex line W4 running from due west of Whiteout Vent proceeding south along west edge of '98 lava to elevator as a fill-in line for '98 NeMO survey. Auto altimeter not working.
22 57 1508 178 423568 5088168
 23 2 1509 105 423365 5088471 These are good navigation numbers. Apparently we are behind the cage.
23 53 1499 178 423429 5087592 Approximately 450 m to go.
0 19 1496 182 423430 5087202 10 meters away from the corner
0 32 1497 128 423417 5087126 Turning the corner of the line and heading to the elevator. Lost oil pressure on the hydraulics.
0 39 1397 192 423412 5087128 Lost hydraulic pressure right where we were leaving imagenex line w4 to go over to the elevator. ropos back in cage and heading back to the surface
0 47 1197 215 423412 5087128 On our way up.
       Dive Summary: We started at Mkr-33 and took filter samples,

fluid samples, slurp samples, and one Ti gas-tight sampler. We then moved to Snail and Marcus took a slurp sample.

       We also took temperature measurements at Snail with the HFS and got a Tmax = 13. We then moved to Cloud, Mkr-N4 and Mkr-N6 where Ti gas-tight, gas piston, regular piston, bag samples and filtered slurp samples were taken.
      Bag samples were then taken at Nascent and MiniSnow Vents. At Mkr-N3 bag, filter, piston and gas piston samples were taken. Bag samples were then taken at Milky and Ouzo Vents.
      We then came upon Whiteout Vent, a previously unnoticed area and took a gas piston, filters for DNA, POC, sulfur and lipids, piston and bag samples. The remainder of the dive was an Imagenex survey, until oil pressure was lost and the dive aborted.
      Notice: Due to the nav offset, as not all transponders were working, it was later determined that "Whiteout Vent" is actually Magnesia Vent discovered in '98. Much more active in '99.



    Dive R489
      Dive Plan: Suction sampling - Cloud for Moyer, Mkr-33 for Levesque, Mkr-N41 for Scott/Juniper, Nascent for Levesque/Marcus/Tunnicliffe, Whiteout for Moyer/Juniper, Oxide samples for Scott/Juniper (in flushing bottle).
      BioBox collections - Mkr-N41, Nascent, Old Flow, OldWorms, and for traps if previous collections are successful. Imagenex survey of western part of lava flow. Recovery/deployments of MTR/Vemcos, osmos and traps. Collect basalt samples, recover elevator.
      ROPOS Configuration: Suction sampler, Biobox, Gastights, Imagenex, cameras, MTR's carried down in Biobox, BioOsmosampler carried down in 7-function for deployment
      Note: Nav fixes not edited in the logs. All fixes were logged, regardless of accuracy. Use the dive plots to determine actual positions.
  UTC Hour Min Depth (m) Sub Hdng (deg) UTM X UTM Y Comments Frmgrbs, Photos, Samples
3 20 1 310 423413 5087134 ROPOS in water
3 20 1 310 423413 5087134 ROPOS back on deck because have to remove some weight. Only got down to 80 meters, so will continue this dive as R489
7 25 41 316 423412 5087128 Sub in water. Yahoo!
7 36 96 214 423412 5087128 Sub coming back up, didn't get to bottom. Dive aborted. Lost pressure in main reservoir.
7 50 0 43 423412 5087128 on deck
7 56 1 112 423412 5087128 Sub on deck.


   Dive R490
      Dive Plan: Continuation of previously aborted attempts. Primary objective is to complete basic biological collection at Mkr-33/Cloud Vents and to the north (Nascent and old vents )and Whiteout Vent.
       Osmos and traps to be recovered and put in the elevator. Recover elevator (weather permitting) during the dive.
      ROPOS Configuration: Suction sampler, Biobox, Gastights, Imagenex, cameras, MTR's carried down in Biobox, BioOsmosampler carried down in 7-function for deployment
        Note: Nav fixes not edited in the logs. All fixes were logged, regardless of accuracy. Use the dive plots to determine actual positions.
  UTC Hour Min Depth (m) Sub Hdng (deg) UTM X UTM Y Comments Frmgrbs, Photos, Samples
19 42 1 97 423412 5087128 19:45 ROPOS in water! Everything normal. This COULD be the one!
  19 51 56 78 423412 5087128 ROPOS came out of the cage at 50 m.
  20 7 259 242 423412 5087128 ROPOS back in the cage
  20 16 411 13 423906 5086990 ROPOS coming back on deck because electrical compensation gauge has gone to zero. This is a component that had been disassembled during stipdown for hydraulic system repair.
  20 19 394 21 424024 5087248 20:32 ROPOS back on deck.
      Dive Summary: El Guapo was still plugged in after calibration,


    Dive R491
      Dive Plan: Elevator will be used to gather experiments from Mkr-33, weather permitting. Suction sampling will be done there and at other active vents to the north. Biology and rocks will also be sampled Imagenex survey along western edge of '98 lava flow.
      ROPOS Configuration: Biobox, Slurp Sampler, Gas Tights, Imagenex, and the other cameras.
      Note: Nav fixes not edited in the logs. All fixes were logged, regardless of accuracy. Use the dive plots to determine actual positions.
  UTC Hour Min Depth (m) Sub Hdng (deg) UTM X UTM Y Comments Frmgrbs, Photos, Samples
2 0 368 162 424016 5087158 ROPOS in water at approximately 01:45 UTC. ROPOS now at 389 meterss
  2 5 466 155 423896 5086982 ROPOS descending in cage, systems look ok.
  2 20 756 287 423966 5087087 Having problems and making adjustments with video cables. Color back on main console monitor.
  2 26 878 207 423960 5087078 Oil reservoir started at 10%, now at 83% and steady while descending in cage.
  2 47 1268 35 423903 5087058 Synchronizing computer clocks to UTC
  2 53 1371 29 423949 5086993 Oil reservoir at 79%
  3 3 1468 154 423981 5086921 Parking sub about 50 m off bottom to wait for P-Code GPS to come back on.
  3 47 1492 281 423842 5087094 Pcode came back, ship has been maneuvering back into position. Ropos out of cage and going down. ON bottom. sheet flows with flocky coating. no fix now
  3 53 1524 26 423868 5087084 x=3869, y=7084 good fix. Found elevator
  3 55 1523 268 424393 5086607 heading to 75 degree spot. Looking for it.
  3 59 1524 225 424409 5087488 At Mkr-33 site. Fissure in sheets has much shimmering water. Putting out OSMO samplers. Discussing where first.
  4 1 1523 228 424230 5087962 Putting Osmo sampler in vent site Mkr-33. R491-1
4 2 1523 224 423841 5087087 note that frame grabs appear to have subtle red stripes across them but they are not on the video
  4 4 1523 228 424108 5087609 Positioning OSMO R491-2
4 20 1522 236 423854 5087066 BioOsmo sampler deployed in hottest known part of Mkr-33 vent
  4 22 1524 215 424495 5087976 Osmos and Micro traps R491-3
4 23 1524 236 423610 5086988 Osmo and micro traps R491-4
4 29 1524 244 423839 5087050 Repositioning the green copper OSMO sampler at the 80 degree vent next to the other sampler just positioned
  4 30 1522 235 423851 5087073 Moving Osmo sampler (green copper one) to 80 C spot in crack R491-5
4 31 1523 240 423853 5087101 repositioning green osmo next to the BioOsmo R491-6
4 33 1523 258 423842 5087050 Osmo samplers at fissure Mkr-33 R491-7
4 33 1523 258 423842 5087050 3 Osmosamplers at Mkr-33 R491-8
4 33 1522 226 423856 5087066 another picture of osmo set up R491-9
4 34 1521 227 423875 5087038   R491-11
4 34 1522 220 423856 5087066 3 Osmosamplers at Mkr-33- R491-10
4 34 1521 238 423875 5087038   R491-12
4 35 1521 209 423851 5087097 Mkr-33 view R491-13
4 35 1521 209 423851 5087097 More Osmosamplers at Mkr-33- R491-14
4 37 1524 214 423848 5087102 Osmo analyzer R491-16
4 37 1524 212 423848 5087102 Iron osmo sampler being picked up. R491-15
4 38 1524 213 423849 5087104 Iron baby! Osmo analyzer R491-17
4 38 1523 206 423852 5087092 Picking up Fe osmo sampler to bring back up to surface.
  4 39 1524 192 423840 5087051 Traps and osmoanalyzer R491-18
4 40 1524 201 423838 5087048 Osmoanalyzer R491-19
4 43 1523 211 424308 5087903 Picked up Fe OsmoAnalyzer #1 for return to elevator (which is only 2 m away) FeOsmoAn_ R491-1
4 46 1520 211 424481 5087352 Osmo sampler into elevator. R491-20
4 48 1521 210 423863 5087061 Fe osmo sampler placed in elevator.
  4 54 1524 249 424043 5087941 Picked up bacteria trap #40 and took to elevator. Bactrp-40_ R491-2
4 55 1524 251 423851 5087099 Stopped on way to elevator to pick up bacteria trap #43 and took both to elevator. Bactrp-43_ R491-3
4 57 1522 265 423853 5087092 Bacterial traps 40 and 43 put in elevator.
  5 13 1521 340 423860 5087097 Removing OSMO sampler from elevator.
  5 16 1521 173 423864 5087074 Last entry was wrong. Just repositioning OSMO to make more room. Now getting other OSMO to put in elevator
  5 19 1521 166 424412 5087480 Recovery of iron osmotic analyzer 2, putting in elevator FeOsmoAn_ R491-4
5 29 1525 61 423840 5087041 repositioned bacterial traps 42 R491-21
5 31 1523 38 423840 5087046 repositioned #42 bacterial traps
  5 37 1522 42 424674 5087294 Recovered bacterial traps #41.
  5 39 1524 214 423840 5087045 Repositioned two bacterial traps 41 and 42 in crack where the temp. is hot and where the OSMO samplers were deployed.
  5 42 1524 223 423993 5087682   R491-22
5 42 1524 226 424362 5087686 bac traps 42 and 41 in place R491-23
5 46 1524 202 423992 5087679 osmos and bac traps in bed together R491-24
5 50 1524 229 423849 5087098 Position of bacterial traps R491-25
5 50 1523 223 423849 5087098 OK NOW IT'S THE FINAL POSITION OF BACTERIAL TRAPS NEXT TO OSMOS R491-26
5 50 1522 221 423849 5087098 The big view of Mkr-33 R491-27
5 52 1522 180 423852 5087102 Another great grab of Mkr-33 site R491-28
5 53 1524 188 423857 5087092 Going to suck snails. We will take sample 5. Photo
5 56 1524 183 423855 5087090 Limpets and snails close-up. R491-29
6 2 1524 192 423859 5087097 suction sample J1 starting R491-30
6 2 1524 188 423744 5087252 Sampling limpets and snails in J1 SS-j1_bio

_R491-55

6 7 1524 188 423839 5087040 3852 7103 good fix at Sample site.
  6 19 1524 189 423841 5087042 finished suction of snails.
  6 21 1525 183 423853 5087105 Heading to N6 at Cloud, 50 m away.
  6 30 1514 62 423861 5087050 moving the ship.
  6 31 1521 64 424380 5087671 Traversing to NE to next site over lineated sheet flows, some jumbled sheets.
  6 35 1524 137 423898 5087114 Over the plume, lots of cloudy water. 3901 7112 good fix. over the vent with worms on edges, many scale worms on rock faces. Continuing to move around. Much collapse, some pillars.
  6 42 1522 305 423910 5087105 Found Mkr-N6 site
  6 42 1523 285 423903 5087112   R491-31
6 42 1522 334 423933 5087605 View of Cloud Vent, multiple orifices, Mkr N6 R491-32
6 42 1522 295 423903 5087112 3903 7112 good fix at site N6, vigorous venting in hole, many scale worms. some nice tubeworms.
  6 43 1526 352 423773 5087274 Edge of N6, tube worms, venting vigorous R491-33
6 45 1526 345 423887 5087122 Going to deploy Marker 21 near N6. Marker will have MTR temp recorder on it. Big fish, much bacterial coating on basalts. x=3901 y=7109 good fix.
  6 51 1526 357 423903 5087110 MTR probe at MKR N6 R491-34
6 54 1526 355 424287 5087490 MTR deployed at Mkr N6 Cloud. Mkr-21 being deployed R491-35
6 52 1526 0 423901 5087108 3903 710 good fix where Marker 21 is being positioned down the hole. Gas tight taken in whole. very vigorous flow. gtb-6_dfl_R491-6
7 1 1527 0 423902 5087110 Trying to se exactly how big this hole is by scanning it with the red laser things - approximately 5 cm in width.
  7 4 1527 356 424139 5086948 The 5 cm was at the north side of the hole. Photo-1
7 4 1527 358 424139 5086948 Photo of Cloud Marker N6/21.
  7 4 1527 0 423754 5087341 The pit at Cloud vent - marker N6 and 21 R491-36
7 6 1527 358 423890 5087118 Watching the particles go by to estimate a flow rate out of the pit at Cloud Marker N6/21.
  7 8 1527 360 423902 5087109 Looking at the face of the rock right above the rim to get this flux measurement.
  7 14 1527 312 423892 5087118 We are suctioning at N6 for bacterial mat. SS-1_mat_

R491-7

7 14 1527 310 423901 5087108 Photo of the hole and bacterial mat and worms. Photo-2
7 19 1527 8 423903 5087110 x=3903 y=7110 good ROPOS fix
  7 20 1527 6 423905 5087111 Suction sample of microbial mat at Cloud vent (N6) R491-37
7 21 1527 7 423902 5087096 We're actually sucking mat near Mkr N6 and the Pit, but not actually in it. The good fix is for where we're sampling from now.
  7 29 1526 19 423901 5087107 Still suctioning into Bottle 1.
  7 32 1527 22 423900 5087107 good suction sample at Cloud vent of bacterial mat. R491-39
7 34 1527 22 423903 5087109 Flushing. Finished sampling into Bottle 1.
  7 34 1527 19 423903 5087109 We're moving to the other side of Cloud now.
  7 37 1522 9 423898 5087106 Retrieving bacterial traps from Marker N4.
  7 38 1524 9 423894 5087110 3894 710 good fix at Marker N4
  7 38 1525 6 423894 5087110 Bacteria trap at N4 R491-41
7 40 1525 234 423898 5087112 Trying to pick up bacterial trap from N4.
  7 42 1525 233 423897 5087111 Retrieval of bacteria traps at N4 R491-42
7 42 1525 230 423897 5087111 Getting bacterial trap #36 bactrp-36_

R491-8

7 44 1525 229 423897 5087111 Putting bacterial trap #36 in starboard side of BioBox.
  7 46 1525 236 423898 5087111 Now we're retrieving bacterial trap #37 from Mkr N4.
  7 48 1525 221 423897 5087111 Putting bacterial trap #37 in starboard side of BioBox bactrp-37_

R491-9

7 51 1525 244 423896 5087111 Putting bacterial trap #39 into starboard BioBox. bactrp-39_

R491-10

7 54 1526 237 423900 5087115 Retrieving and placing bacterial trap #38 into starboard BioBox. bactrp-38_

R491-11

7 57 1526 240 423897 5087111 Going to the elevator!
  7 58 1526 238 423896 5087110 3897 7110 good fix
  7 58 1526 238 423896 5087110 3897 7110 good fix
  7 58 1526 240 423896 5087110 Going to the cage for tether management first.
  8 7 1520 226 423866 5087085 We found the cage.
  8 8 1522 239 423858 5087076 x=3863 y=7099 good fix on elevator
  8 10 1518 179 424092 5087574 We're now at the elevator to put the bacterial traps into the BioBox in the elevator and take the other bioboxes out of the elevator.
  8 15 1521 47 423860 5087081 Bacterial trap missed the box in the elevator. Still trying.
  8 28 1522 153 423862 5087095 3862 7095 good fix at elevator as we put the trap in the right box in the elevator this time.
  8 29 1521 181 423859 5087081 Transferring bacteria trap to elevator R491-43
8 29 1521 181 423859 5087081 The second bacterial trap is now entering the elevator.
  8 32 1521 171 423860 5087079 The third bacterial trap is now going in the elevator.
  8 33 1521 176 423858 5087095 3858 7095 good fix at elevator.
  8 35 1521 183 423863 5087099 Placing the fourth and final bacterial trap into the elevator.
  8 35 1521 160 423860 5087077 We're having trouble shutting the lid on the box in the elevator with the bacterial traps in it.
  8 45 1522 3 423857 5087073 We have closed the lid on the box in the elevator.
  8 45 1519 101 423858 5087074 Now we will try to remove the portable bioboxes from the elevator. Two will go on seafloor, two will be held in each of the arms.
  8 58 1518 140 423856 5087098 3856 7098 good fix
  9 3 1525 37 423854 5087081 Picking up two of the portable bioboxes - one in each arm - and carrying them to Nascent Vent.
  9 9 1526 64 423848 5086872 The two boxes left behind are close to the anchor of the elevator.
  9 10 1526 59 423852 5087073 Now we're going back to the cage to check the tether and such.
  9 17 1494 174 423935 5087512 We've found the cage, everything's okay, so we're returning to the bottom to head to Nascent.
  9 18 1522 0 423641 5087320 Moving the ship to get ready to move to Nascent.
  9 20 1522 6 423641 5087320 Going north to Nascent vent.
  9 26 1519 3 423873 5087139 On transit to Nascent, seeing lots of diffuse venting with bacterial mat. No sign of animal life.
  9 27 1518 6 423873 5087146 Now we see some tube worms.
  9 27 1520 4 423873 5087153 Very pretty diffuse flow. A little pit with mat and worms and snails.
  9 28 1521 1 423871 5087156 3871 7156 good fix We're still heading north. Saw the new worm, extensive venting.
  9 29 1520 4 423869 5087164 Now we're seeing pillow lavas with that rusty colored sediment/bacterial stuff on it.
  9 30 1521 2 423858 5087179 More rusty colored stuff on the pillow lavas. Some bacterial mat.
  9 31 1520 5 423863 5087180 3864 7180. good fix en route to Nascent.
  9 32 1520 356 423864 5087191 Funny pitted looking lavas - poxey area. They look like grazing spots except that they're single little circles with no animals or fecal trails.
  9 34 1521 4 423870 5087217 Trying to figure out what these little patches are - fecal patches?
  9 37 1518 356 423867 5087262 3867 7263 good fix en route to Nascent - 140 m away from Nascent.
  9 41 1520 10 423886 5087318 Pillow lavas with orangey stuff- no venting or animals visible.
  9 42 1520 7 423886 5087337 3886 3737 About 60 m from Nascent Vent.
  9 44 1520 73 423882 5087386 More poxey sort of areas on the pillow lavas
  9 44 1521 82 423909 5087757 Rattail.
  9 44 1521 78 423909 5087757 Rattail on the way to Nascent. R491-45
9 45 1520 99 424259 5087166 We are very close, or almost at, Nascent Vent. Looking for the MTR.
  9 46 1520 97 424264 5087173 Bag creatures, snow-looking stuff.
  9 48 1518 164 423908 5087390 3908 7391
  9 49 1520 173 423913 5087390 We have located the MTR.
  9 49 1520 171 423910 5087380 3910 7380 good fix at MTR at Nascent Vent.
  9 50 1521 119 423909 5087376 The bag creatures are super thick! We see snails, limpets, tube worms, etc.
  9 51 1521 127 423911 5087380 Nascent Vent with old MTR in it. R491-46
9 52 1521 122 423911 5087380 Putting down the two portable bioboxes to free up ROPOS's arms.
  9 53 1521 132 423914 5087375 The BioBox has slipped and fallen into the vent hole!
  9 56 1521 113 423904 5087389 Moving the BioBox out of the hole with the MTR.
  9 57 1521 135 423904 5087389 Dropping the other BioBox in the 7 function arm.
  10 2 1521 126 423908 5087368 Opening one of the bioboxes to get it ready for sampling- this BioBox has the rubber stopper popped out and floating about the box.
  10 3 1521 126 423908 5087368 Portable BioBox before it was filled with worms and such. R491-47
10 4 1521 126 423910 5087371 Cancelling opening the box because we seem to be kicking things up to much. Now attempting to get a port side gas tight bottle from Nascent Vent.
  10 4 1521 127 423910 5087371 3910 7381 good fix at Nascent. Positioning for this gas tight bottle. gtb-7_dfl_R491-1
10 8 1521 120 424284 5086718 Triggering the port side gas tight right near the MTR at Nascent Vent.
  10 10 1521 122 423909 5087369 Preparing to suction into Jar J3 over the tube worm bush. Flushing the ja r- lots of bag creatures in the flush jar.
  10 12 1521 124 423886 5087346 Beginning to suction right over the tube worms in the same vent as the MTR. SS-j3_bio_

R491-13

10 13 1521 121 423886 5087346 We are suctioning slowly in order to only get little stuff - not the actual worms.
  10 15 1521 125 423900 5087349 Photo
  10 18 1521 128 424287 5086715 Photo
  10 19 1521 123 423911 5087372 3912 7372
  10 26 1521 123 423914 5087379 3914 7380 good fix where we're suctioning.
  10 27 1521 124 423910 5087370 Suction over tube worm bush at Nascent vent. R491-48
10 31 1521 120 423908 5087370 BETA tape was 60 minutes, but it went to 84 minutes, so 24 minutes of the BETA tape are gone. Oops.
  10 35 1521 126 423908 5087376 Another view of the tube worm bush at Nascent vent. R491-49
10 46 1521 121 423965 5087790 Stopping suction sample after 3 1min 25 sec.
  10 48 1521 128 423907 5087370 37907 7370 good fix
  10 48 1521 128 423911 5087381 Begin sampling sJ4_bio_491-14 SS-j4_bio_

R491-14

10 53 1521 126 423911 5087381 Suction of gastropods near MTR at Nascent vent. R491-51
10 54 1521 126 423910 5087378 Still suctioning worms and gastropods at the MTR site at Nascent vent.
  10 58 1521 125 423910 5087379 Testing the Betacam to make sure error code was ok. Betacam still works.
  11 0 1521 125 423677 5087278 Stopping sample 491-14
  11 4 1521 121 423913 5087384 Grabbing external BioBox-box and moving it away from vent somewhat.
  11 6 1521 121 424287 5086716 Attempting to open the portable BioBox-box. Pulling on bungi cord. Pulling top open.
  11 9 1521 123 423956 5087788 Lid is open.
  11 10 1520 122 423770 5087694 Removing MTR4180 from vent and transferring to BioBox-box. MTR-4180_R491
11 11 1520 122 423901 5087384 Transfer complete.
  11 12 1521 126 423912 5087382 Attempting to grab tube worms.
  11 18 1520 127 423910 5087379 Portable BioBox box tipped over and was repositioned. MTR is still inside.
  11 20 1520 124 423910 5087379 Attempting to reopen the BioBox-box lid which closed on repositioning.
  11 22 1520 123 423912 5087381 Grabbing the BioBox-box with the 5 function arm. Attempting to open the lid once more.
  11 24 1520 122 423897 5087362 Still trying to open portable BioBox-box. Holding top open with 7 function and grabbing handle with 5 function. Box is open but pointed the wrong direction.
  11 26 1520 124 424912 5087076 Attempting to grab tube worm sample w/ 7 function.
  11 29 1520 116 423897 5087362 Worms grabbed. Bio_R491-16
11 29 1520 121 423897 5087362 Worms being transferred to portable BioBox-box. Held by 5 function arm. Transfer complete.
  11 32 1521 119 423897 5087362 Worm Grab-Nascent R491-52
11 32 1520 115 423897 5087362 Attempting to collect second clump of worms at same site.
  11 32 1520 121 424322 5088029 Nav is currently bad.
  11 36 1520 119 423897 5087362 Still attempting to collect second clump of worms.
  11 37 1520 119 423897 5087362 Restarting Kims VCR tape which was stopped for an unknown amount of time.
  11 43 1520 118 423893 5087358   R491-53
11 43 1520 115 423907 5087370 Second clump has been picked up by the arm and transferred to the portable BioBox-box.
  11 44 1520 121 424642 5086950 VCR tapes have been changed.
  11 52 1520 208 424467 5087140 Collecting a third clump at a nearby site after repositioning. This is a larger clump.
  11 54 1520 206 423911 5087381 Highlights on.
  11 54 1520 208 423911 5087381 Worm Grab-Nascent R491-54
11 54 1520 209 423911 5087381 still photo of worms. Photo
11 55 1520 205 423916 5087389 Collecting 4th grab of tube worms.
  11 56 1520 205 423911 5087372 Transferring a large clump to portable BioBox-box. Transfer is complete.
  11 59 1520 204 423911 5087372 Transfer complete.
  12 0 1520 209 424032 5087183 Attempting to grab handle with 7 function.
  12 4 1520 205 423909 5087365 Portable BioBox-box transferred between 5 and 7 function arms. Now attempting to close the lid with the 5 function arm.
  12 7 1520 208 424029 5087194 Closing the lid on the BioBox-box.
  12 7 1520 205 424940 5086954 Tube worm samples and MTR in the portable BioBox-box. R491-55
12 8 1520 208 423910 5087392 Transferring the BioBox-box from the 7 function back to the 5 function arm. Attempting to reattach the bungi w/ the 7 function arm. Bio-box is tipped 90 degrees.
  12 12 1519 207 423910 5087370 Grabbing the handle with the 7 function arm and returning the box to an upright position. The 5 function has let go of the handle. Setting the box down on the bottom.
  12 15 1519 210 424018 5087016 Positioning BioBox-box on the bottom.
  12 17 1520 220 423657 5086835 Nav is still bad.
  12 17 1520 229 425112 5087232 Holding the bio-box lid closed with the 5 function arm while using the 7 function to attempt to close the bungi latch. Latching complete but needs a small nudge to position the bungi completely on the latch. Bungi is now completely secure.
  12 23 1519 231 423910 5087385 Picking up the BioBox-box with the 5 function arm. Repositioning BioBox-box.
  12 25 1520 231 423910 5087383 Checking gauges.
  12 25 1520 232 423912 5087372 Opening the port side BioBox-box. Picking up MTR w/o black tape (# 3175m). Positioning for deployment.
  12 31 1519 90 423821 5087742 Deploying MTR.
  12 32 1519 59 423892 5087353 Positioning to pick up 2nd portable BioBox-box with 7 function arm. Box has been grabbed. Lifting and rotating box.
  12 35 1519 58 423898 5087375 Heading north to Mkr-N41.
  12 35 1519 49 423902 5087384 Leaving Nascent transiting to Mkr-N41.
  12 37 1518 6 423869 5087310 Nav is bad.
  12 41 1520 355 423905 5087427 Nav is showing us NW about 15 meters.
  12 42 1518 70 423911 5087422 good nav fix.
  12 42 1518 198 423910 5087420 Arriving at Mkr-N41.
  12 46 1520 103 424335 5086890 Bio-box on bottom.
  12 46 1520 101 423912 5087405 Pick up BioBox-box in 7 function arm and reposition nearer the marker.
  12 47 1520 107 423905 5087397 Bio-box slide down a pillow lava into a small depression. Attempting to open and reposition. No good nav. Positioning box. Lid is open.
  12 50 1520 104 423904 5087406 good fix.
  12 50 1520 103 423906 5087407 Grabbing MTR 4126. Into box. MTR-4126_dfl _R491-17
12 52 1520 101 423903 5087402 Beginning to collect worm sample at Mkr-N41.
  12 53 1520 92 423903 5087403 Large clump of worms collected and put into box. Bio_R491-18
12 54 1520 95 423904 5087408 Attempting to grab second clump of worms. Worms grabbed and put into the portable BioBox-box.
  12 55 1520 90 423904 5087409 good fix.
  12 55 1520 91 423904 5087409 2nd worm clump is in the box.
  12 56 1520 89 423906 5087411 good fix. Attempting to collect 3rd clump of worms at the same area.
  13 1 1520 90 423820 5087757 Third clump collected and transferred to the portable BioBox-box.
  13 2 1520 90 423904 5087409 good fix.
  13 3 1520 83 423899 5087409 Finished collecting sample. Will deploy the MTR-3041 in the same hole as the other one.
  13 4 1519 77 424085 5086794 MTR deployed and now attempting to close the lid on the portable BioBox-box.
  13 10 1520 173 424289 5086722 Still attempting to close the BioBox-box.
  13 15 1519 217 423907 5087407 good Fix. Still trying to close the lid.
  13 18 1520 23 423760 5087605 Picking up the box and repossessing with the 7 function arm.
  13 20 1520 23 423742 5087073 Repositioning box, still trying to close lid.
  13 22 1520 22 423906 5087405 Positioning 1st BioBox-box on top of the second to secure the lid. Using the 7 function to close the lid.
  13 25 1519 23 423904 5087402 Lid closed on second BioBox-box.
  13 25 1519 22 423904 5087402 Checking MTR position.
  13 25 1519 16 423991 5086488 MTR at N-41 R491-56
13 28 1519 15 423907 5087407 Still photo. good fix. Photo
13 31 1518 347 423906 5087405 Leaving Mkr-N41 transiting to oxide site 15m to the N.
  13 34 1519 10 423904 5087419 good fix.
  13 34 1519 14 423904 5087419 Positioning suction sampler to take oxide sample.
  13 37 1519 353 423899 5087420 Setting down BioBox-box in 5 function arm in order to grab the suction sampler handle. Grab complete.
  13 39 1519 1 423898 5087416 Flushing into J4 getting ready to sample FeO into J2.
  13 40 1519 359 423898 5087416 Steve's tape is running.
  13 42 1519 321 423899 5087414 good fix.
  13 43 1519 317 423900 5087413 Begin sampling FeO SS-j2_FeO
13 43 1519 321 423176 5087152 Still sampling FeO, s .
  13 44 1519 328 423898 5087412 Photo of FeO Photo
13 47 1519 285 423903 5087420 Repositioning to find more oxides.
  13 48 1519 294 423999 5087715 VCR tapes have been changed.
  13 49 1519 312 423903 5087418 good fix.
  13 49 1519 314 423904 5087415 Start sampling more oxides into J2. Mat appears to be very deep at the sampling spot.
  13 51 1519 320 424365 5088172 Possible precursor to red cherts. Need Silicon as well.
  13 52 1519 290 423904 5087418 Photo of white mat. Photo
13 53 1519 289 424878 5087155 Sampled some of the white mat as well.
  13 58 1519 288 424115 5087632 Still attempting to try to clear the clogged suction sampler.
  13 59 1519 292 424519 5087104 Switch to jar 4 and continuing to pump. SS-j4_FeO _R491-19b
14 0 1519 298 423901 5087397 Finished sampling FeO sample.
  14 1 1519 295 423531 5087297 Reposition to pick up the BioBox-box.
  14 2 1518 305 423531 5087297 photo Photo
14 2 1518 309 423531 5087297   Photo
14 3 1519 296 423902 5087419 Releasing s hose with the 5 function arm. Picking up the BioBox-box.
  14 4 1519 294 423884 5087775 Picking up BioBox-box.
  14 4 1519 291 423899 5087415 Returning to cage. Will then reposition ship.
  14 5 1519 302 423899 5087415 photo of FeO area. Photo
14 6 1518 179 423901 5087420 photo Photo
14 6 1517 188 423901 5087420   Photo
14 6 1517 201 423901 5087420   Photo
14 6 1516 223 423901 5087420   Photo
14 8 1492 24 423901 5087420 Heading back to the bottom.
  14 11 1519 359 423889 5087344 ROPOS is ready at the cage. Ship will move N about 81 m.
  14 12 1518 357 423889 5087344 Ship is starting to move.
  14 13 1518 356 423897 5087354 Transit from N41 North to old flow site. Approximately 81 m.
  14 15 1518 356 424614 5086896 Photos of mysterious black circles on lobate lavas - they look like grazing 2 photos
14 17 1518 357 423884 5087384 More photos of the 'pox' marks. Photo
14 19 1518 1 423891 5087397 'Pox' marks photo
14 22 1519 5 423890 5087419 photo of oxide Photo
14 24 1518 42 423894 5087444 good fix
  14 25 1517 27 423869 5087382 Contact with old lava.
  14 26 1518 41 423868 5087380 Crabs and clams.
  14 27 1518 30 423868 5087380 crabs and worms. Photo
14 30 1519 35 423835 5087342 No good fixes photo of BioBox-box Photo
14 32 1520 35 423834 5087362 old worms R491-57
14 34 1520 32 423847 5087359 photo of old worm site to be sampled Photo
14 36 1519 34 423868 5087463 sample of old tube worms. Bio_R491-20
14 38 1520 36 423840 5087337 Still collecting old tube worms sample. Sample placed in port BioBox-box on sub.
  14 42 1519 38 423907 5087448 Putting second clump of old worms into port BioBox-box on sub.
  14 44 1519 35 423855 5087404 Still sampling for old tube worms.
  14 53 1519 99 423835 5087390 Finishing stuffing the 'Old Flow' grab into the port BioBox - doing a little BioBox management.
  15 0 1519 101 423778 5087225 Worms in the BioBox! On to take a rock
  15 5 1519 33 423839 5087406 Going in to sample a rock for the rock guys.
  15 13 1519 83 423949 5087536 Putting the honking rock into the port BioBox. R491-58
15 16 1519 83 424134 5087869 good view of the spider crab.
  15 19 1519 85 423877 5087474 Hollow pillow(or lobate )where rock sample taken near old flow vent in association with the tube worm grab R491-59
15 20 1519 87 424110 5087884 Close-up view of hollow pillow (or lobate) near tube worm grab R491-60
15 21 1519 87 423700 5087141 Another shot of the LOBATE! flow that was sampled above. Cool crab and Nascent sample (in box) in view. R491-61
15 23 1519 86 423814 5087346 Crust of the lobate flows is about 10 cm.
  15 25 1517 104 423834 5087378 Completed sampling at 'Old Flow'. Now preparing to transit back to the elevator to drop of bioboxes.
  15 45 1518 222 423954 5087486 Looking for a basalt sample of new flow southwest of Nascent vent about 10 m.
  15 48 1516 142 423955 5087254 Lobate flows and some collapsed features. Bacterial mats in cracks between lobes. Beautiful features.
  15 52 1515 185 423906 5087295 Lava buttress.
  15 54 1508 170 423881 5087282 Still waiting for the ship to stop in order to take a rock sample.
  15 56 1518 184 423930 5087301 Lava pillar and collapsed lobates.
  15 57 1518 188 423886 5087184 Jumbled sheets on top of collapsed structure. Field of Pillars staring Mike Perfit and Kevin Costner.
  16 1 1517 356 424451 5086748 Lava pillar and arch.
  16 1 1518 360 424451 5086748 Lava pillar connected to arch Unknown fix/near Mkr-33 R491-64
16 7 1518 322 424152 5087643 collection of new lava flow near Mkr-33(10m) R491-65
16 10 1518 317 424647 5087044 Rock sample near Mkr-33 (10m) R491-67
16 7 1518 330 424027 5087484 Going in for a rock sample of new flow on a roof structure. Putting rock in starboard side of BioBox Rck_R491-22
16 10 1518 317 423903 5087223 x=42391, y=508728 - lat/long estimation for the rock sample (R491-22).
  16 12 1518 316 423898 5087246 Better lat/long for the rock sample (R491-22): 3902, 7224.
  16 14 1518 320 423936 5087307 Ship heading back to elevator, rock sampling finished.
  16 32 1492 266 423864 5087170 Ship moved. Moving back to the elevator to drop of the two portable bioboxes.
  16 46 1523 62 423866 5087100 At the elevator. Beginning to position the two portable bioboxes into the elevator.
  16 50 1519 43 423858 5087087 Tubeworm grab from N41 in portable BioBox is being transferred to the elevator.
  16 53 1519 131 423828 5087145 N41 tube worm sample going into elevator. R491-68
16 59 1520 286 423846 5087055 Nascent BioBox deposited in elevator. R491-69
17 0 1519 24 423844 5087054 TW sample of Nascent (R491-16) in left side of elevator.
  17 2 1519 91 423858 5087092 Closing the lid on the BioBox compartment of the elevator.
  17 6 1521 332 424401 5087492 Going to pick up another portable BioBox (on the seaflor at the base of the elevator) to take north to Milky area for sample of 'Old Worms'. First we are heading to Cloud for video/still camera mosaicing work. Still at the elevator doing rope managment.
  17 10 1516 246 423863 5087092 Save for ROPOS guys. Tangled launch line with the anchor. Top of the bridle. R491-70
17 10 1523 148 423551 5087340 The elevator launch line to tangled around the ropes and under the anchor. Working on untangling it.
  17 19 1521 114 424414 5086752 Removed the launch line from under the anchor. Heading to Cloud vent (N4).
  17 30 1524 317 423845 5087046 Just finished repositioning tubeworms in port side of BioBox. On our way to Cloud.
  17 43 1522 92 423885 5087118 Waiting for the ship to reposition so we can transit to Cloud.
  17 45 1519 91 423889 5087115 Collapsed area just before we reach Cloud - a ridge with a bit of venting, some gastropods and a dense aggregation of the unknown polynoid. Photo
17 47 1522 93 423886 5087066 We are at Mk-N6 (Cloud). Stirred up a lot of floc while landing ROPOS. Waiting for the floc to clear before we start taking pictures and survey the area. Kim wants video and still photo images to mosaic Cloud vent area. good fix for N6 at 3900, 7115.
  17 51 1523 268 423901 5087113 Trying to go to Mkr-N4 to begin photo imagery work - to the west.
  17 52 1523 306 423896 5087114 At Mkr-N4, good fix.
  17 55 1522 71 423897 5087118 Stopped to try and get a bunch of good fixes to locate precisely where we are.
  18 1 1522 68 423879 5087069 Starting at N4 we are going to survey all of Cloud with video, 35 mm still camera (mounted vertically) and imagenex from a depth of 1521m. We are going to take overlapping photos and since there is a 5 sec. lag between each photo, the pace will be slow.
  18 6 1522 78 423893 5087117 Lift off! Camera survey starting. Heading east. 3 photos
18 8 1523 93 423898 5087117 Aborting survey because we stirred up to much debris in the water column. Starting again.
  18 11 1522 86 423906 5087135 Back at Mkr N4, positioning to start survey again.
  18 20 1522 105 423775 5086584 Attempt #2 - starting survey from Mkr-N4 at a heading of 105 degrees for approximately 6.5 m to Mkr-N6.
  18 22 1522 104 423880 5087070 Photo survey. Imagenex head is about 2.5-3 m of the bottom. 5 photos
18 24 1522 112 423882 5087064 Still transiting to mkr N6 taking pictures. Imagenex now at 4 m. 3 photos
18 25 1521 101 423859 5087018 Imagenex up to 5 m - need to come back down.
  18 26 1521 120 423859 5087018 Imagenex still at 5 meters. Now down to 2.5 m on right and 5 m on left. Turning ROPOS around, heading back towards N4, heading 285.
  18 27 1522 277 423900 5087097 Transect from N6 back to N4. Heading staying roughly between 285-295. 12 photos
18 30 1520 294 423952 5087220 Still heading west. 2 photos
18 30 1520 280 423860 5086972 Worm Pillar. Near N4 & N6 R491-71
18 31 1518 323 423889 5087105 Moving 2 meters to the north, turning around to run a reciprocal course.
  18 32 1518 126 423890 5087110 See N4, set down briefly. Heading 105 and making a transect back towards N6. 5 photos
18 34 1520 102 423905 5087118 Got out of the venting area. We are going to fly back to N6, go to the eastern edge of the field and then will hop 2 m north, then transect west again.
  18 38 1520 275 423894 5087117 Trying to find mkr N6.
  18 39 1524 248 423904 5087109 good fix. Found N6. Hopping 2 m north.
  18 41 1523 282 423902 5087111 Heading 285 back towards N4. 9 photos
18 42 1520 294 423896 5087114 Swinging around, back to N6 (mkr 21). Hopped south and are going to do another east-west transect (N6 is just slightly to the northwest of where we are starting this transect).
  18 47 1525 283 423902 5087108 Beginning of the last line of transect. good fix
  18 48 1523 287 423948 5087533 Last transect heading west at 285. Crossing over worm pillar. Survey work 13 photos
19 3 1520 271 423742 5086943 worm moves while scientists wait R491-72
19 6 1520 272 423511 5086604 worm eats bag lunch R491-73
19 10 1510 271 424190 5087650 Moving ship to west.
  19 17 1462 188 424422 5087902 At cage. Preparing to go to Old Worm Site. Too rough to recover elevator. Will try later in the day.
  19 56 1502 357 423379 5087115 Start of Imagenex line W5. Starting at middle of line west of Mkr-33, proceeding north.
  22 47 1506 176 422412 5089376 22:16 finish north end of Imagenex line W5. 22:30 start north end of Imagenex line W6 heading south to latitude of the elevator for release
  1 19 1499 186 423306 5087087 No elevator recovery as previously planned. Moving ship towards

Mkr-N4.

  4 24 1530 93 423672 5088415 ON bottom again, very collapsed area, with large blocks of lava strewn around chaotically over rubble. A bit less floc material between flows here.
  4 27 1531 74 423662 5088434 further N, there was more continuous ropy sheets. Turning E it is more scrambled with collapse and rubble. Many of the walls seem to have fallen over or collapsed onto the floor.
  4 31 1529 59 423676 5088439 Typical view of chaotic terrain here. R491-74
4 31 1528 352 423675 5088443 good fix 3671 8442
  4 33 1530 322 423671 5088442 more to north and west hummocky terrain in sheet flows.
  4 35 1531 41 423657 5088465 featureless sheet flow in hummocky terrain, lots of floc along cracks R491-75
4 38 1527 149 423667 5088456 good fixes around this time. On boundary between sheets and collapse
  4 41 1528 122 423668 5088440 Into areas of collapse, good fixes. Very jumbled flows. spider crab.
  4 43 1528 1 423592 5088310 Folded sheets over a fairly large area. Giving up heading to old worms.
  4 51 1526 91 423711 5088440 On bottom again to E looking for old worms. just near contact. Old lavas are more rubble and covered in sed and sponges
  4 53 1527 134 423725 5088442 Older lavas R491-76
4 53 1526 132 423733 5088430 good fix, lavas are less coherent here, no floc, more sed and sponges. Some lobates as we go SE.
  4 57 1524 86 423744 5088369 rat tail in old lobates
  4 59 1525 89 423746 5088406 old lobates R491-77
5 4 1524 89 423758 5088411 Mostly lobates with some large collapse in lobates. Not much relief. some folded sheets.
  5 6 1524 96 423768 5088408 found site with some tube worms, a little floc along lavas. good fixes.
  5 7 1523 149 423785 5088410 old worm site R491-78
5 8 1526 130 423784 5088418 stopped to pick up worms and small rock. Little vent fish. Clams at base of wall in sed.
  5 10 1526 137 423788 5088412 putting box down 3787 8414 good fix for bio grab
  5 11 1526 147 423786 5088415 grabbing worms R491-79
5 13 1526 129 423784 5088419 Going in handheld BioBox. Sample of tubeworm grab. Bio_R491-23
5 16 1526 130 423786 5088417 OOPS tube worms went into stb. BioBox.
  5 22 1526 142 423786 5088417 Opening handheld BioBox now for sampling.
  5 26 1526 141 423788 5088410 second sample at old worm site. R491-80
5 26 1526 131 423785 5088421 sample was a tube worm grab at old worm site, put in handheld BioBox. Bio_R491-24
5 39 1526 90 423785 5088417 sampling the sheetflow substrate from the same locality as the tube worms. Fairly high sed cover here. very thin brittle glass hard to recover with arm. Rck_R491-25
5 44 1526 71 423784 5088419 sampling rock sheet flow R491-25 R491-81
5 45 1526 75 423784 5088417 two small pieces of the glass top of sheet flow are in with the tube worms.
  6 9 1526 119 423787 5088416 Picked up another large piece of old flow but BioBox fell over.
  6 32 1526 120 424627 5088470 still at same spot, having trouble closing lid on BioBox box. There is a bent hinge keeping it open.
  7 6 1527 101 423788 5088416 finally got the lid closed. Shrimp here too.
  7 2 1527 105 423786 5088418 Latched - finally. R491-82
7 9 1527 102 423002 5086798 Heading 31 to Whiteout. Whiteout is 160 km north of Old Worms.
  7 17 1527 116 423786 5088422 Picking up the portable BioBox with the 7-function arm. Heading to Whiteout.
  7 22 1528 309 423724 5088450 Ship is repositioning towards Whiteout.
  7 29 1528 312 423695 5088464 good fix.
  7 38 1526 1 423657 5088492 3657 8492 good fix
  7 42 1527 2 423533 5088229 Still looking for Whiteout Vent
  7 57 1528 73 423660 5088542 We're at Whiteout - which Maia says is equal to Magnesia from last year.
  8 2 1532 9 423663 5088542 Okay we are at Whiteout Vent. We can see the lava bridge.
  8 4 1532 18 423663 5088539 Flushing into bottle #4
  8 6 1532 16 423663 5088541 3662 8541 good fix at Whiteout/Magnesia Vent
  8 7 1532 15 423642 5088605 good fix 3661, 8548 at Magnesia/Whiteout sitting right in front of where we sampled
  8 10 1532 18 423051 5089138 Preparing to sample white bacterial mat/sulfur into suction bottle #2. SS-2_mat_

R491-26

8 14 1531 8 423668 5088554 We are suctioning the white stuff/orange stuff right near the vent.
  8 22 1532 58 423668 5088557 Still trying to suction at Whiteout/Magnesia
  8 25 1532 55 423668 5088558 Suction sample of bacterial mat at Whiteout/Magnesia R491-83
8 26 1532 57 423668 5088561 Still suctioning Bottle #2.
  8 30 1532 56 423666 5088555 Moving to bottle #3 to fill it with the same sort of mat/orange stuff.
  8 31 1532 58 423663 5088546 Beginning to suction Bottle #3 Sample R491-27 SS-3_mat_R491-
8 35 1532 58 423660 5088542 Still suctioning into Bottle #3.
  8 37 1532 57 423671 5088549 Done suctioning into Bottle #3. Flushing and moving on.
  8 40 1532 56 423667 5088557 We're going to suction oxide at 10 m south of here.
  8 46 1527 185 423655 5088543 Steve is waxing poetic about oxides.
  8 46 1527 201 423642 5088551 We are still heading south to look for Steve's oxides.
  8 47 1527 245 423637 5088550 These are pretty bad fixes.
  8 49 1533 157 423647 5088543 Beautiful curtain drape feature of the lavas.
  8 51 1526 28 423648 5088547 Going to do some tether management.
  8 54 1493 155 423660 5088525 Slight electrical fault - still looking for the tether.
  8 57 1490 245 423659 5088522 We can see the cage now.
  8 57 1490 197 423659 5088522 Heading back down to the bottom to go to Oxide.
  8 59 1527 174 423662 5088519 Collapsed lava lake with pillars.
  9 0 1529 176 423654 5088533 Decent ROPOS fix.
  9 1 1528 178 423660 5088548 Proceeding south to Oxide.
  9 4 1529 177 423662 5088505 Relatively good fixes.
  9 7 1534 178 423686 5088443 We se an ophiuroid amidst the oxide stuff.
  9 7 1534 195 423678 5088470 Oxide site R491-84
9 8 1534 186 423678 5088470 Sitting on some sheet flow right near the fluffy iron hydroxide orange stuff along fractures of the lava surface. Very thin glassy surface - it would break up very easily according to Steve. More little brittle stars.
  9 9 1534 184 423677 5088470 We are considering ourselves at Oxide.
  9 10 1533 169 423676 5088470 We are now looking for a place with shimmering water in order to do metal analysis on the hydroxy stuff and the water.
  9 17 1533 190 423667 5088460 iron oxide coating basalt mound
  9 17 1532 176 423667 5088460 small mound on covered with FeO R491-85
9 19 1533 153 423680 5088459 FeO sampling site R491-86
9 20 1533 158 423680 5088459 sampling iron oxide in jar 4 - contaminated sample since stuff from other flushes in the jar SS-4_FeO_

R491-28

9 22 1533 173 423679 5088458 Suction of FeO into flushing bottle R491-87
9 22 1533 170 423679 5088458 3679.1 8458 - OK fix
  9 24 1533 173 423687 5088432 Taking a look at Jar #4 to see what we got.
  9 25 1534 153 423713 5088570 Going to suction more oxides.
  9 26 1531 178 423666 5088465 x=3666 y=8465 good fix.
  9 29 1534 65 423022 5089140 Starting to suction again into Bottle #4.
  9 31 1534 64 423677 5088469 3677 8470 Okay fix
  9 32 1534 89 423671 5088461 3671 8461 good fix where we're trying to sit down and sample from.
  9 38 1534 129 423673 5088460 Still trying to suction the oxide stuff.
  9 48 1535 132 423667 5088444 We're trying to grab the suction hose.
  9 50 1535 134 423063 5089090 Still sampling. Checking out the wind velocity and gusts.
  9 57 1535 131 423055 5089095 Finishing up this suction of the oxide stuff.
  10 6 1490 184 423644 5088509 moving ship to west from Oxide (near Milky) to rejoin Imagenex line W4. We will do the northern end of W4 (going north), then move west and do line W7 (going south).
  10 28 1506 4 423429 5088546 Start of Imagenex line W4 (northern end). Ship heading north.
  11 11 1506 270 423428 5089203 End of Imagenex line W4 (northern end). Moving ship west to northern end of line W7.
  11 27 1506 179 423234 5089205 Start of Imagenex line W7 (northern end). Ship going south.
  14 45 1500 88 423247 5085989 End of line W7 (south end). Ship moving to south end of Imagenex line W6.
  15 5 1500 358 423311 5086038 Start Imagenex line W6 at 15:0 (at south end going north).
  16 22 1501 6 423305 5087098 End line W6 (south). Ship moving 60 m east to line W5 and will drive south.
  16 33 1498 189 423380 5087045 Start Imagenex line W5 (south end) ~16:27. Ship will be moving south along line.
  17 54 1498 191 423364 5086010 End of Imagenex line W5 (south end). End of dive (due to ground fault in gauge).
  18 9 1475 188 423054 5085770 ROV in the cage and coming up.
      Dive Summary: ROPOS set a new record of 41 hrs 34 min total wet time, 38.5 hrs on bottom. Dive was terminated by choice (science done, ground fault pending).
      Activities at Mkr-33, Cloud Vent (Mkr N6/21), Nascent Vent, Mkr-N41, Old Worm Site, Whiteout/Magnesia. Video/photo/Imagenex survey in area of Mkr-N4/Mkr-N6.
      Deployments: BioOsmo at Mkr-33, MTR at Cloud, MTR at Nascent, MTR at Mkr-N41. Recoveries: FeOsmo and bactraps at Mkr-33 taken to elevator, Bactraps at Cloud taken to elevator, MTR's at Nascent and Mkr-N41 taken to elevator.
      Sampling: Limpets and snails at Mkr-33, gastight at Cloud, Bacterial mat at Cloud, gastight at Nascent, suction sample over tubeworm bush, suction sample of bio at Nascent, tube worm grabs at Nascent
      Basalt sample (pillow crust) at Old Worms, basalt sample (sheet surface) near Mkr-33. Imagenex line north to area of Whiteout/Magnesia. Suction sample at Oxide area, then on with long Imagenex survey on western edge of '98 flow.



    Dive R492
      Dive Plan: To map and sample '98 lava flow, SRZ. Sample Dying Vent, if still in existence, and any new vents we might see. Also possible suction sample for Tunnicliffe of diatom/sediment on new lavas.
      ROPOS Configuration :Suction Sampler, 5 and 7 function arms with claws, cameras, and BioBox with a marker in each side and 4 rock samplers in a bag
      Note: Nav fixes not edited in the logs. All fixes were logged, regardless of accuracy. Use the dive plots to determine actual positions.
  UTC Hour Min Depth (m) Sub Hdng (deg) UTM X UTM Y Comments Frmgrbs, Photos, Samples
8 55 0 128 422710 5089068 ROPOS launched and in water. Moderate seas. Keith nervous. Snap load on down umbilical.
  8 59 32 148 422710 5089068 ROPOS out of cage.
10 37 1499 329 425223 5083490 ROPOS is at 150 m.
10 39 1496 311 422938 5085206 We are going to the bottom.
10 40 1527 171 424442 5085776 Bottom in sight.
10 41 1533 198 423629 5085815 We can se ophiouroids on pillow lavas.
10 45 1533 178 424126 5085844 took photo of bottom, pillows
10 49 1531 236 424210 5085780 Making traverses trying to find contacts between old and new lava. Initial bottom was old lava.
10 50 1531 307 424203 5085782 A number of holothorians heading NW back to line. Lobate flow. photo 3
10 52 1533 310 424186 5085799 Lots of cucumbers. A drain-out pit.
10 53 1530 255 423823 5086232 Collapsed lava pit
10 53 1529 251 423823 5086232 Lobate flow with holes drain out holes.
10 54 1529 252 424168 5085788 Going SW in more extensive drainout area. R492-1
10 55 1530 250 424168 5085788 Speed is only .5 knot. More holothorian.
10 55 1530 253 425264 5084278 Collapsed lava pit
10 55 1530 250 425264 5084278 photo of drain area. 2x photo counter advanced but no flash was seen. fish.
10 56 1530 252 424159 5085780 back to more solid lobate flows. R492-2
10 58 1530 250 424165 5085776 Ophiuroids. More solid lobate flow. Some pillows mixed with lobates. photo 6
10 59 1531 270 424142 5085771 Lobate lavas. Two flashes. Counter only advanced one
11 0 1531 273 424136 5085771 Fish and two camera flashes again.
11 1 1531 270 424135 5085769 Holothorians and fecal trails. photo 7
11 1 1531 273 424129 5085775 Holothorian. Start Highlight tape. Lobate flow with ophioids. photo 8
11 2 1530 271 424111 5085774 Double flash
11 3 1530 270 424111 5085774 photo 12
11 3 1530 271 424104 5085772 Young lava flows photo 13
11 3 1530 258 424104 5085772 contact with new flow . Clean looking lava. mats not present. less material photo 14
11 4 1530 257 424091 5085768 Pillow lavas with some brittle stars R492-5
11 3 1530 259 424098 5085771 younger lavas. Ophiods on with brittle stars. Density down from older flow. Lobate flow, flatter with small pockets of sediments. photo 15
11 4 1530 255 424078 5085762 Ophiods. R492-6
11 5 1529 257 424078 5085762 Drainout pit photo 16
11 5 1529 257 424078 5085762 Drain out area
11 5 1529 240 424070 5085759 Skate or ray swimming away R492-7
11 5 1529 244 424070 5085759 a ray going away. photo 17
11 5 1529 259 424062 5085755 young flow glassy especially on the fronts. speed .5 knot R492-8
11 6 1529 257 424044 5085744 young lobate flows. coming at us. flow direction was towards us. photo 18
11 6 1529 257 424034 5085739 Solid lobates close up
11 7 1529 256 424030 5085740 close up of lavas.
11 7 1529 260 424030 5085740 Close up of some lavas
11 8 1529 258 424013 5085734 thin lava about 1 meter thick. photo 19
11 9 1529 259 423996 5085728 so far we have come about 20 m along the 1.2 km line still in young lava, pillowy lobate, probably thin R492-9
11 10 1528 262 423980 5085723 edge of a drain out area
11 10 1528 255 423980 5085723 Edge of drained out pit
11 10 1528 255 423980 5085723 drain out
11 11 1529 260 423540 5085878 shrimp. a little yellow sed at the bottom of lobates R492-10
11 11 1528 257 423968 5085718 back to more solid flow. photo 20
11 11 1529 256 423963 5085716 small pockets of sediment but not as much as last year.
11 13 1529 258 423936 5085703 close up of lavas.
11 13 1529 256 424490 5086026 Broken up lavas
11 13 1529 258 424490 5086026 becoming more broken into drain photo 21
11 14 1528 256 424490 5086026 Skylight of drained out area R492-12
11 14 1528 256 424490 5086026 skylight couple meter thick
11 14 1529 256 424262 5085771 in a major collapse area R492-13
11 15 1530 255 423946 5085716 broken roof material photo 2
11 15 1528 257 423916 5085690 A fish
11 15 1528 258 423916 5085690 in drain out, broken material w/ fish
11 15 1529 256 423933 5085712 broken pohoi hoi R492-14
11 15 1530 257 424306 5085995 broken curtain folded photo 23
11 16 1530 258 423891 5085682 drain out area
11 16 1529 256 423886 5085686 drop of into a pit. shrimp. photo 24
11 17 1530 257 423870 5085678 drain out area photo 25
11 17 1530 253 423853 5085670 collapse sheets. More broken, sharp changes in lava morphology . complex flow
11 18 1530 256 423844 5085667 Jumbled ropy lava photo 26
11 18 1529 252 423829 5085789 jumbled flow with lots of collapse area
11 19 1529 257 423826 5085660 fish and complex lavas in R492-17
11 19 1530 256 423832 5085670 Rat tail fish
11 19 1530 248 423832 5085670 lava spire w/ glass photo 27
11 19 1529 265 423832 5085670 broken up area, jumbled flow. R492-18
11 20 1529 260 423826 5085667 sometimes coherent ropes, other times more broken up. going over ridges. photo 28
11 20 1530 252 423806 5085663 close up of jumbled flow
11 21 1529 256 423797 5085662 over a ridge into a deeper area.
11 21 1530 243 423740 5085939 we are in line with the deepest photo 29
11 22 1530 257 423777 5085660 complex terrain jumbled broken
11 23 1532 257 423761 5085658 mostly random chunks of angular lava, piled up
11 24 1532 259 423753 5085654 hydrothermal sediments
11 24 1530 257 423753 5085654 Scary looking rat tail
11 24 1529 260 423750 5085652 yellow sediment, over top of ridge, lineated flows photo 30
11 25 1531 258 423728 5085644 ridges are several meters high, last down drop was 4-5 m R492-19
11 25 1532 258 423727 5085642 lobate surface
11 26 1531 258 423721 5085638 jumbled again, don't see many animals in here
11 26 1530 257 423710 5085634 blocks of lava on ridge, on the other side drained out lobates with circular ?
11 27 1529 257 423696 5085629 lobates
11 27 1529 257 423696 5085629 Collapsed lava pits photo 31
11 27 1529 256 423696 5085629 back into lobate flows again photo 32
11 27 1530 257 423682 5085623 very glassy lobate R492-20
11 28 1529 261 423674 5085618 Window of old lava surrounded by new lava
11 28 1529 258 423682 5085623 window of older lava indicating thin ?
11 28 1528 262 423674 5085618 same R492-21
11 28 1527 264 423674 5085617 lobate photo 3
11 29 1524 245 423689 5085615 highlights off, lost controls, joystick is not functioning. photo 34
11 29 1522 253 423711 5085634 stopping the ship photo 35
11 45      Video off.
12 25 1496 298 422940 5084868 testing repairs that were made to the joystick
12 27 1525 260 422940 5084868 back on the bottom. Video back on.
12 28 1527 260 422407 5084350 back to the lobate flow
12 28 1528 264 423052 5084936 solid glassy lobate lavas.
12 29 1529 261 423532 5085556 good sub fix, to SW of ship
12 30 1529 259 423565 5085596 shallow drained out area, collapse material
12 31 1529 249 423023 5085025 collapse material
12 31 1529 261 422830 5084834 small spire, back on the solid lobate surface of the flow.
12 33 1524 259 423496 5085535 good fix photo 36
12 33 1529 259 423496 5085533 lobate lavas w/ some sediment , on glassy lobes. fish - lots of big ones
12 33 1529 259 423496 5085533 Pillow lavas
12 34 1530 260 423583 5085692 close up of lobate surface
12 34 1528 252 423481 5085530 somewhat more sediment, but not many organisms, shallow drain out area, back to lobate area R492-22
12 35 1529 258 423468 5085528 lobate surface photo 37
12 36 1530 260 423466 5085528 Lobate lavas
12 36 1530 258 423482 5085547 lot of small pockets of sediment, holothorian, more sediment photo 38
12 37 1529 261 423444 5085531 another holothorian R492-23
12 37 1529 261 423444 5085531 another holothorian
12 37 1530 261 423438 5085531 large pillow lavas
12 37 1530 256 423429 5085531 lobates w/ some pillow lavas
12 38 1531 261 423422 5085523 Cool lavas
12 39 1530 258 423413 5085521 appears to be an older surface underneath, back to solid flow photo 39
12 39 1531 255 423405 5085520 surface R492-24
12 41 1532 258 423408 5084952 more sediment, local pocket, lavas glassy, not a lot of biology
12 41 1533 254 423377 5085517 Lavas with sediment in cracks photo 40
12 41 1533 264 423344 5085738 surface
12 42 1532 257 423344 5085738 flatter with more sediment pockets, looking older, holothorian R492-26
12 42 1532 257 423536 5085638 sediment pocket photo 41
12 42 1532 260 423365 5085513 quick look at gauges
12 43 1532 268 423359 5085508 possible hydrothermal area, a call for stopping the ROV while looking at gauges, so as not to miss hydrothermal activity photo 42
12 44 1533 260 423355 5085508 possible bacterial mat, pockets
12 44 1533 258 423358 5085498 Little white patches of mat on lavas
12 44 1533 257 423349 5085504 A vent we've just found! photo 43
12 44 1532 257 423358 5085498 bacterial mat, swimming worm. stop the ship, warm water. R492-29
12 45 1534 244 423343 5085503 vent R492-30
12 45 1534 245 423343 5085503 Vent fish photo 43
12 45 1534 245 423343 5085503 photo of vent fish photo 45
12 45 1534 245 423343 5085503 Bacterial mat and flow R492-31
12 46 1534 245 423341 5085504 fixes good photo 46
12 46 1534 244 423342 5085503 bacterial mat on the edge of pit, warm water and worms R492-32
12 47 1534 247 423338 5085501 40m s of Mkr-113
12 48 1534 247 423340 5085504 good fix, highlights
12 48 1534 272 423275 5085430 bag creatures
12 49 1534 10 423337 5085506 highlights off for repair of joystick
12 50 1534 36 422850 5084915 surface near the venting area photo
12 51 1534 56 423341 5085504 worm dance
13 1 1534 54 423346 5085505 still repairing joystick photo 50
13 9 1534 226 423338 5085502 still fixing joystick,
13 10 1533 204 423343 5085504 video on, joystick fixed, good nav
13 10 1534 15 423344 5085505 Joystick Vent
13 10 1533 49 423344 5085505 vent has been named , 'joystick' vent
13 11 1535 53 423342 5085504 hole with lots of venting. R492-34
13 11 1535 50 423342 5085507 tube worms just below ROPOS, bag creature, scale worms, tube worms
13 13 1535 47 423338 5085502 vent is similar to those at the north end, lots of flock, temps are about 1.5 degrees too cold. photo 51
13 14 1535 48 423340 5085506 3 degree area, lots of white flock coming out
13 14 1534 45 423341 5085506 highlights on, going to do a short survey here
13 15 1535 46 423340 5085509 vent appears to be in new flow
13 15 1535 48 423341 5085505 looking down into deep pit, looks somewhat like whiteout vent, but not as large particles, lots of water
13 16 1534 49 423339 5085502 inside vent
13 17 1532 74 423341 5085508 Joystick Vent
13 16 1532 90 423337 5085499 trying heading 10 deg east of north to look for photo 53
13 17 1534 92 423341 5085508 worms and hole R492-37
13 18 1533 80 423339 5085508 Joystick Vent
13 17 1533 74 423341 5085508 roof collapsed into pit, ROPOS is facing NE, line of venting, grayish milky water photo 54
13 18 1533 112 423339 5085508 of bottom R492-38
13 19 1533 141 423336 5085512 Joystick Vent
13 19 1533 141 423336 5085512 lots of scale worms swimming in the water, flock from a small hole photo 5
13 20 1533 135 423337 5085512 Joystick Vent R492-39
13 20 1533 143 423337 5085512 continuing to follow pit to NE , we are looking to the SE photo 56
13 21 1534 120 423339 5085518 jumbled flow, R49240
13 21 1534 120 423339 5085518 Jumbled flow with bacterial mat near Joystick Vent
13 22 1531 74 424174 5085502 heading back to the main vent and maybe a little south photo 57
13 23 1530 168 423347 5085523 looks like a little fracture, NE trend, that has collapsed R492-41
13 25 1534 92 423339 5085508 picture of the hole
13 25 1534 98 423339 5085508 fixes good
13 25 1534 95 423340 5085504 edge of pit photo 58
13 28 1534 136 423327 5085489 Stirred up floc near Joystick Vent
13 28 1533 167 423327 5085489 still moving SW, lots of flock venting photo 59
13 29 1535 157 423337 5085495 crab, vent fish, material in water may be stirred up by ROPOS R492-44
13 30 1535 174 423336 5085492 highlights off
13 30 1534 172 423336 5085492 driving a little SW along the line
13 32 1531 72 423337 5085486 at the edge of the depression. looking around for anything else
13 34 1532 133 423339 5085477 venting appears to have run out, not the best fixes at this point.
13 35 1532 127 423342 5085467 moving a little south and west, then return to joystick vent
13 36 1534 196 423339 5085463 pillars in lobate flows, some with bacterial mat
13 37 1533 195 423324 5085455 Top of a pillar
13 37 1533 197 423324 5085455 photo of top of large pillar, staining on top, possible tube worms, confirmed tube worms.
13 38 1533 183 423320 5085462 Some sort of worm/mat stuff on top of a new lava pillar R492-45
13 39 1533 170 423322 5085455 view of top of pillar, probably to hard to sample on top of the pillar. decided to wait for a better sample photo 60
13 39 1533 169 423321 5085456 More gunk on top of this pillar R492-46
13 40 1532 189 423321 5085456 pillars conduits for vent fluids since it had tube worms on it
13 40 1530 185 423321 5085454 SW 5 m of joystick vent R492-47
13 42 1535 355 423308 5085463 may have stop soon due to weather, heading back to pit to attempt a sample
13 44 1534 18 422832 5085037 large spires near the pit
13 44 1530 54 422673 5084771 no good fixes now
13 47 1532 62 423327 5085506 back at the vent area
13 50 1534 40 423341 5085507 highlight on beta
13 50 1534 44 423341 5085507 Rock with tube worms at Joystick
13 50 1534 38 423340 5085507 Rock with tube worms at Joystick Vent
13 53 1534 45 423338 5085504 decided to suction worm first , into J1 64 micron R492-48
13 55 1535 40 423342 5085507 bag creatures at the joystick vent R492-49
13 56 1535 38 423339 5085505 suction sampling worms
13 58 1534 34 423271 5085640 suctioning tube worm photo 62
13 59 1535 39 423338 5085505 continuing to suction sample SS-j1_bio _R492-1
14 1 1535 29 423341 5085507 continuing to sample worms and bag creatures
14 3 1534 15 423337 5085501 ROPOS lifted off, ship is losing heading stop sampling
14 6 1533 255 423332 5085497 looking for a good place to put the marker
14 11 1527 92 423332 5085499 still looking around for the vent
14 14 1531 85 423345 5085515 Located sampling site.
14 15 1533 326 423342 5085510 sitting on the bottom, deploying the Mkr-42
14 17 1533 356 423321 5085488 marker 42deployed.
14 18 1532 360 423344 5085506 good fix at joystick vent , marker 42
14 19 1532 358 423343 5085506 Mkr-42 at Joystick Vent
14 20 1532 14 423343 5085505 going back to sample area to continue suction sampling in J1 R492-51
14 23 1534 104 423340 5085508 Sitting at the venting orifice where we got the odd-looking worms (nemerteans?) and getting ready to suction more for fauna.
14 25 1534 103 423340 5085509 good fix: 3340x 5508y. Suctioning Part Deux. R492-1.
14 26 1534 97 422935 5085145 More red worms on the rock below where we were suctioning. Trying to get gastropods, but failing, so going in for more of these worms.
14 37 1534 77 423339 5085503 scanning area, short camera survey R492-52
14 37 1535 68 422621 5084739 Joystick Vent
14 38 1535 68 423291 5085462 Joystick Vent
14 38 1534 59 423291 5085462 getting highlights of joystick vent R492-55
14 39 1535 83 423337 5085508 moving up on top to look for a rock sampling area R492-56
14 41 1534 72 423341 5085509 stopping highlights
14 43 1533 24 423344 5085510 VCR tape change
14 43 1532 20 423284 5085119 going to attempt a modified rock corer, hand rock corer, ROPOS-core. up on top, near marker
14 45 1533 25 423344 5085507 picking up yellow core sampler
14 47 1533 27 423339 5085503 Unused core with wax. Yellow
14 47 1533 27 423346 5085509 preparing to take core sample, grabbing sampler with 5 function arm, now grabbing with 7 function arm
14 52 1533 26 423341 5085504 Rock core success! Just went in for a second hit - got even more! Took sample a few meters southwest of marker 42 - heading 030. R49258
14 53 1533 31 423285 5085643 Core sample after collection. Yellow corer Joy Stick Vent Rck_core_

R492-2

14 55 1532 17 423346 5085513 x=3342, y=4405 - good fix for rock core R492-2.
14 57 1532 23 423344 5085507 Putting rock core in sample basket on front of BioBox. R492-59
14 58 1532 23 422968 5085238 The rock core R492-2 was orange.
14 58 1532 23 422968 5085238 Going in to suction sample for C. Moyer into jar #6. Note: two of the long, skinny nemertean looking worms got sucked into the flushing jar from the first suction sample (Jar J1, R492-1).
15 4 1534 51 423278 5085451 Suctioning bag creatures and mat for Moyer into Jar #6.
15 14 1534 42 423343 5085515 Still suctioning. A few drops of hydraulic fluid in view.
15 21 1534 35 423233 5085498 Finished suctioning jar #6, moving to jar #8. SS-6_mat_

R492-3

15 23 1534 40 423266 5085838 Positioning to suction the 'fuzzy rocks' into jar #8 for C. Moyer. Stopping for a moment to watch hydraulic fluid leak out of 5-function arm.
15 31 1533 330 423345 5085508 Starting to suction into Jar #8.
15 38 1532 91 423325 5085788 Finished suctioning some white fuzzy stuff of the rock; now looking around for another place to suction.
15 42 1534 125 423131 5085308 Suctioning more bags, mat and worms into bottle #8. SS-8_mat_

R492-4

15 47 1534 114 423338 5085511 Suction sample bottle #8 from Joystick vent (Mkr 42)
15 56 1534 124 423332 5085508 End of suctioning into Jar #8.
15 59 1533 149 423354 5085530 Heading back to the cage for tether management. R492-60
16 0 1535 263 423792 5085753 Heading southwest along original transect towards 'Dying Vent'. Lineated sheet flows. Fair amount of sediment in cracks.
16 2 1535 251 423291 5085408 Jumbled, folded flow now, moving into lineated, ropy sheet flows again.
16 5 1534 299 423281 5085722 A collapsed area with lobates on the floor. A cool pillar with square windows. A collapsed wall.
16 7 1533 209 423278 5085481 Wall with Lava Pillar just west of Joystick Vent.
16 7 1533 210 423278 5085481 Same collapsed area, wall with a lava pillar. Top of the pillar has bacterial mats. 63 photo

64 photo

16 11 1532 259 423275 5085479 Still in collapsed area with pillars and ridges. Floor is littered with collapsed plates and folded sheets. Photo of hole in the top of the pillar. R492-61
16 16 1532 260 423226 5085458 Short pillars with top. 65 photo

66 photo

16 16 1532 258 423226 5085458 Jumbled flow. Looks like short pillows on top of lobates. photo 68

photo 69

16 17 1533 262 423214 5085457 Lobate roof supported by a thin pillar - can see hole in top of pillar. R492-62
16 17 1533 259 423210 5085455 Lobate roof supported by thin pillar. SW(250) of Joystick photo 70
16 18 1532 258 423199 5085452 Ophuroids and fecal trails. Lobates on top of pillar. Holothurian and fecal trails. photo 71
16 19 1532 260 423193 5085451 Jumbled flow and lobates next to each other. R492-63
16 20 1533 259 423178 5085443 Well formed glassy lobates. Looks like a contact. We think we were on old lavas for a while and came onto new lavas. The new flow is probably getting thin in this area. Old lavas with lots of sponges, ophuroids, holothurian. photo 72

photo 73

16 22 1534 268 423162 5085445 Mixture of old and new lavas. Sea fan (gorgonian). Photo of lobate flow.
16 25 1533 255 423117 5085401 Lobate flow. Sea star and brittle stars. Old flow underneath and new bulbous, glassy flow on top. Photo of contact.
16 28 1534 256 423083 5085388 Lots of sponges, brittle stars, holothurians on older lobate flows. Sponge city"." Photo 75
16 29 1534 257 423020 5084913 Older flow. Observe sponges (white blobs) on the lava. S. west of Joystick. Photo
16 31 1534 258 423036 5085365 A little bit of bacterial mat in-between lobate flows. Tons of tiny sponges. Photo 77

Photo 78

16 33 1535 258 423039 5085379 Crab and clam site. R492-64
16 32 1533 257 422850 5084756 Tube worms and clams! Stopping to get a suction sample. x=3000, y=5350 approximate location.
16 47 1536 294 422625 5084986 Suction sampling into bottle #7 for clams and background fauna. R492-65
16 50 1536 290 423015 5085362 x=423016, y=5085362 - good fix for this sample location. Photo 80

Photo 81

16 57 1535 274 422970 5085316 Just suctioned another holothurian into bottle #7. SS7_bio_R492-5
17 2 1536 256 423013 5085361 Clams, tubeworms and collapsed lobate.
17 5 1535 270 422923 5085293 Clam sampling site, 'Coquille'. Temperature up by 0.2 degrees.
17 13 1535 286 423011 5085363 Finished suctioning into bottle #7. Going to take a look around this 'Coquille area'. Tube worm tufts and batches of clams in lobate depressions. On old lavas - holoturians too. photo 83
17 16 1536 179 422988 5085342 Large drainout area. Clams in cracks with tube worms. photo 84
17 17 1535 140 422984 5085345 Clams in crack at Coquille vent area. Photo 85

Photo 86

17 17 1535 214 422598 5084950 Tube worm clump Photo 87

Photo 88

17 19 1535 42 422979 5085326 Tube worm clumps. Coquilles Site R492-71
17 18 1535 216 422771 5085104 Coquilles area. R492-72
17 20 1534 46 422733 5085109 More tube worm tufts. R492-73
17 20 1535 72 422733 5085109 Tube worm site. Christian's clam area. Photo 89

Photo 90

17 21 1536 11 422709 5085088 Surveying around Coquilles Vent. Increasing hydrothermal activity at this site - bacteria, shimmering water, clams, snails, tube worm bushes, etc. Photo 93
17 25 1536 8 423043 5085390 Tons of limpets in with the tubeworms. R492-74
17 27 1536 7 422994 5085368 Maia's Sample-Coquille- 350 SW of Joystick.
17 28 1536 9 422992 5085367 x=2291, y=5365 is new location for Coquille vent area. Maia is about to sample a tube worm bush in this old venting area.
17 30 1536 23 422587 5085074 Sample collection at Coquille. R492-75
17 30 1536 24 422587 5085074 Sampling tube worm bush. Bio_R492-6
17 32 1536 303 422746 5085115 Tube worm grab into starboard BioBox. R492-77
17 45 1536 0 422903 5085268 Suction sample in the middle of a tube worm bush at Coquille. Into bottle J4.
17 54 1536 3 422746 5085164 Done with suctioning into J4. Photo 96

Photo 97

17 57 1535 354 422961 5085328 Going around the field to get an idea of the extent of venting - going to the west right now. SS-j4_bio

_R492-7

17 58 1533 120 423026 5085392 Heading southeast towards Dying Vent.
17 59 1536 140 423026 5085392 Still flying over lobates with TW bushes.
18 0 1534 137 422978 5085315 Clams, crab, still on old lava.
18 2 1535 149 422997 5085311 Crab photo Photo 98

Photo 99

18 4 1535 149 422492 5084940 Contact of old and new lavas.
18 5 1534 149 423019 5085328 good fix for the contact. Billowy, tubular new flow and older, flatter flow. Photo 10
18 7 1535 139 423022 5085323 Old and new lava jumbled together.
18 8 1536 140 423007 5085301 Contact photo. Photo 101
18 9 1534 116 423049 5085356 New lobate lavas. Photo 102
18 15 1534 113 423050 5085293 Still on new lavas - lobate flow. Some holothurians and sediment in the cracks. Photo 103
18 18 1534 130 423070 5085283 New tubular lobes. Photo 104
18 21 1532 119 423064 5085270 Sulfide staining in cracks. Lots on sponges. In a collapsed structure.
18 23 1532 116 423084 5085267 Lavas with some staining. Photo 105
18 24 1532 120 423080 5085320 Jumbled sheets, collapsed area, lava pillars with arches.
18 30 1534 110 423106 5085304 Sponges found on lava flow. Near dying vent where new and old ? Photo 106
18 31 1534 95 423299 5085477 New and old flow/Old with sponges. Near Dying Vent. Photo 107
18 28 1533 79 423091 5085280 Contact again. Old lavas covered with sponges and new lobate flows. Settling down to get a couple rock samples of new and old lava. R49278
18 32 1534 78 423097 5085292 Trying to sample lava with 7-function claw. Lava seems too friable? to pick up with claw. Got a piece of the new lava flow - put into the starboard BioBox. Fix is 3080, 5277. R492-79
18 42 1534 57 423094 5085289 Taking a rock core (black corer) of the old flow at the same contact point. The core is contaminated, so the sample should come from the rope side of the corer (no contamination on upper half). Photo 108

Photo 109

18 44 1534 55 423072 5085267 Black core sampler/Rope side before sampling Rck_R492-8
18 47 1534 52 422429 5084639 Forget the above contamination comment - ROPOS guys managed to swipe off the contamination (rock flecks from somewhere unknown). good fix, 3076,5272. Going in for the rock core. Rck_core_

R492-9

Photo 10

18 50 1534 54 423096 5085291 Black corer after cleaning. R492-80
18 51 1534 76 423078 5085273 Another good fix for contact/rock core location: 3093, 5284.
18 57 1535 77 423093 5085282 Sample rck_R492-9 is in the purse". Got a good bunch of glass." R492-81
19 4 1534 111 423075 5085264 Continuing traverse in SE direction at 0.5 kt.
19 6 1533 121 423088 5085243 Stopped while ship changes its hdg so as not to back over the cage's cable.
19 11 1532 123 423120 5085265 good fix, says Maia.
19 17 1533 129 423106 5085258 Ship hdging changed and now continuing along track.
19 19 1533 133 422824 5085068 Accumulation of yellow sediment in collapsed pit. Photo 111-112
19 20 1534 115 423105 5085233 Pillar holding up lava roof.
19 21 1534 104 422388 5085546 Lobate flow with sediment around base.
19 22 1532 109 423152 5085255 Good fix. R492-82
19 22 1534 116 423159 5085256 good fix. Photo 113
19 23 1537 110 423170 5085254 Jumbled sheet flow at bottom of ~4 m drainout depression.
19 24 1534 109 422930 5085065 bathtub rings on edge of drainout area
19 24 1534 112 422930 5085065 bathtub rings on side of lava drainout. Photo 14
19 26 1533 103 423200 5085233 Increasing amount of particulates in water column. R492-83
19 28 1534 100 423213 5085229 Crab on top of spire at edge of drainout. Photo 115

Photo 116

19 28 1533 108 422833 5084944 Very deep drainout (4m).
19 29 1537 107 423874 5085578 Bottom of 4m deep drainout. Photo 117
19 30 1535 111 423253 5085231 thin spire at bottom of 4m lava lake
19 30 1535 105 423253 5085231 Tall thin lava spire. Photo 118
19 31 1534 122 422874 5084938 Edge of drainout. R492-85
19 32 1534 128 423273 5085229 good fix. Some bacterial mat. Cloudy. Must be near a vent. Photo 119
19 33 1535 122 423507 5085304 spire with mat on it Photo 120
19 33 1535 122 423507 5085304 Bacterial mat on side of drainout. Photo 121
19 34 1535 80 423277 5085216 close-up on white stuff R492-86
19 34 1536 76 423274 5085212 Edge of drainout. Photo 122

Photo 123

19 35 1535 74 422937 5085160 limpets on top of pillar R492-87
19 37 1534 191 423198 5085121 chunks and tube worms Photo 124
19 37 1534 194 423198 5085121 weak venting and animals. R492-88
19 38 1534 162 423274 5085205 good fix: 3274, 5205. Looking around this new vent. Some reddish floc. R492-89
19 41 1533 211 423284 5085214 big clump of tube worms at Bag City Photo 126
19 41 1533 209 423284 5085214 Good fix: 3284, 5214. Photo 128
19 46 1535 220 423267 5085201 Deployed Mkr 36 at Bag City Vent R492-90
19 48 1535 206 423265 5085200 Tube worm grab at Bag City vent into port BioBox. Difficulty getting them all in!
19 54 1535 206 423281 5085209 good fix. Still stuffing worms.
19 59 1535 213 423279 5085208 Beta highlights video changed at 19:52. Vereena's video changed at 19:55. Still stuffing worms. Bio_R492-10
20 7 1535 216 423279 5085208 At last, the worms are stuffed. Removing some that are sticking out so as not to obscure the color video.
20 12 1535 211 423281 5085208 Taking gas tight bottle sample at Bag City Vent where tube worms were just sampled. gtb_dfl_R492-11
20 20 1535 221 423438 5085215 suction sample about the same spot as gtb 2
20 16 1535 214 423281 5085208 Suction sample of vent fluid in jar J3 in same clump of tube worms that were sampled here at Bag City. Maximum temperature (yes, we now have this capability) is 2C. Stopped sampling when intake and outlet were same temperature. SS-j3_dfl

_R492-12

20 25 1535 222 423401 5085180 sort of a focused flow R492-91
20 23 1535 222 423470 5085250 Nice view of tube worm bunch from where we just sampled. Finished with the fluid sample in J3, now we are going to look around for some iron oxides to sample.
  20 29 1536 179 423654 5085452 Trying to suction sample red oxides into bottle #4 (flushing jar); can't really reach it, just got a little bit - going to try another spot. R492-92
20 37 1530 327 423404 5085215 Looking around 'Bag City' - there don't seem to be any more red oxide patches around. Time out to do some tether management - going back to the cage. SS-j4_FeO

_R492-13

20 41 1520 107 423002 5085030 Going back to the bottom to continue our track heading southeast across new lavas.
20 42 1535 114 423010 5085066 Back to bottom to continue SE along traverse.
20 46 1534 127 423367 5085182 Contact between two lobate flows. Both appear to be old.
20 47 1536 118 423369 5085194 Lobate flow.
20 48 1536 116 423065 5084862 Pillows.
20 49 1536 112 423316 5085163 Pillow. Photo 131
20 56 1534 117 423464 5085170 No fixes but ship has moved ~20 m SE of Bag City.
20 57 1536 120 423258 5084999 New (1998) lava. R492-93
20 57 1536 122 423394 5084736 Pillowed 1998 lava. No fixes.
20 59 1535 134 423478 5085123 On 1998 lava but can still see windows of old lava as we proceed SE. R492-94
21 1 1537 118 423470 5085226 Definitely on older lava. (Bill says intermediate age) Photo 132
21 8 1539 111 424592 5085054 Sampled lava rubble. (intermediate age) x=423281 y=5085209
21 9 1539 102 424592 5085054 Rubbley basalt. Old flow?
21 15 1539 328 423693 5085125 Lost sample out of the 7-function claw. Couldn't put into BioBox for fear of losing of worms out of the left compartment and confusion with sample already in the right compartment. Doing a wax stab instead. Purple sampler, put in Perfit's purse. Rck_core

_R492-14 Photo 13

21 37 1514 154 422978 5084462 ROPOS returning to cage for recovery.
21 38 1490 171 422978 5084462 ROPOS's cage.
21 45 1373 131 423087 5084932 Winching cage to surface with ROPOS outside to give Craig some driving experience. R492-95
22 24 405 289 423645 5085308 2324 GMT ROPOS on deck R492-100
22 24 405 289 423645 5085308 Dive Summary: Dive R492 was a geology reconnaissance dive of the '98 lava flow on the SRZ, south of the area surveyed in '98. The eastern and western limits of the '98 flow were surveyed, and several targets were added to aid in improving the lava flow
       outline. Biological and suction samples were taken, as well as many rock samples. A large ventfield was discovered on the east side of the '98 flow in older lava. The vent was named Coquille. Dying Vent was not seen, but Bag City Vent was discovered.



   Dive R493
      Dive Plan: Dive R493 is an extension of Dive R492, which was halted to recover the elevator. Again the objective is to map the 1998 lave flow from the caldera down to 45deg 52min North.
       The earthquake swarms extended south to that location but the only seafloor information is from Dive R465 ('98), which mapped a lava flow at the site of the SeaBeam anomaly at 45deg 52min North.
      Vents discovered along the way will be sampled. On Dive R492 new vents were discovered at the western edge of the contact between old and new lavas.
      ROPOS Configuration :Suction Sampler, 5 and 7 function arms with claws, cameras, and BioBox
      Note: Nav fixes not edited in the logs. All fixes were logged, regardless of accuracy. Use the dive plots to determine actual positions.
  UTC Hour Min Depth (m) Sub Hdng (deg) UTM X UTM Y Comments Frmgrbs, Photos, Samples
3 30       ROPOS in water
6 4 1052 320 422617 5083763 ROPOS is continuing to go down. Started down around O3:30 UTC
6 35 1541 188 422747 5084862 Just above bottom. Lobate flows below.
6 38 1543 242 421952 5084933 lobate new flow, but some larger lobes appear to be older. This may be a function of their rougher texture that collects sed. more readily. Hard to tell. Probably all older flow. Larger lobes are transitional to pillows with good striations on surface.
6 41 1544 247 422736 5084866 good fix here in Older lavas. These all have brittle stars all over them, moderate sed between lobes and pillows.
6 40 1545 250 421952 5084933 Older Lava West of contact, close-up of surface showing typical sessile biota including echinoids R493-1
6 44 1543 83 422745 5084867 Mix of pillows and tubular flows that appear much glassier but are also old. Rat tail fish. Photo 1 old pillows Photo 1
6 45 1544 90 422777 5084887 Photo 2
6 45 1544 82 422777 5084887 Pillow in older lava R493-2
6 46 1544 81 422777 5084887 Older pillows. west of contact Pic 3
6 47 1543 78 422793 5084897 good fix. Still in old lavas
6 48 1543 78 422339 5085300 Brittle stars on pillows photo 4
6 53 1541 86 422789 5084891 continuing in mixed older pillows and tubular flows, lots of biology on surface, small amount of sed inter pillow. Photo 5
6 59 1540 80 422834 5084901 going east, a few bigger pillows, big fish. still in older lavas with brittle stars and sponges. Switched from local to UTC time on SIT overlay
7 2 1540 124 422851 5084883 Contact new lava flow R493-3
7 4 1540 150 422890 5084899 New Lava R493-4
7 3 1539 154 422890 5084899 Contact between new and old. Young flow is fairly sed free very tubular and glassy, a few brittle stars, slight sed in cracks. Stopping for a sample
7 9 1538 139 422894 5084894 Surface of young flow near the contact. Station here to get sample. R493-5
7 12 1541 139 422527 5084408 Right at contact, more massive old flows. Picture 8
7 21 1541 90 422890 5084909 Gorgonian on older flow R493-6
7 23 1541 67 422883 5084910 sample of old flow R493-7
7 34 1541 74 422882 5084905 x=42282 y=5084905 good fix. Can't sample glassy old lavas so we will take a core. Using orange core.
7 37 1541 46 422880 5084907 grabbing at contact W5 R493-8
7 37 1541 44 422880 5084907 stbd rock core (orange)-getting ready R493-9
7 39 1541 18 422879 5084904 Taking wax core R493-10
7 38 1541 45 422880 5084907 Taking a rock core with orange corer at ContactW5. got a few pieces of old lava x=422880, y=5084908 Rck_core

_R493-1

7 48 1540 40 422880 5084907 Heading east after sampling
7 49 1540 80 422886 5084910 photo
7 50 1540 79 422886 5084910 New lava R493-11
7 50 1540 78 422896 5084916 New lava - Beautiful lava drip feature R493-12
7 50 1540 81 422896 5084916 Drip R493-13
7 51 1540 357 422782 5084764 contact of new and old. sampling of same as drip sample Photo 15
7 52 1540 353 424147 5085837 picking up piece of rock R493-14
7 53 1540 352 422904 5084921 good fix while sampling
7 56 1540 17 422891 5084910 R493-15
7 57 1540 11 422891 5084911 small piece of new flow put in stb. bio box x=422899 y=5084917 Rck_R493-2
7 58 1540 1 422891 5084911 R493-16
7 59 1538 96 422891 5084911 starting to head east again in young flows. Photo 16
8 0 1538 96 422928 5084938 some lobates with collapse, meter or so thick here
8 1 1538 93 422912 5084897 back into smaller glassy tubes and lobes.
8 5 1537 102 422912 5084872 Going back to the bottom - sheet flows, glassy, drained out area.
8 5 1540 101 422905 5084877 Big crab and a big starfish
8 5 1540 101 422905 5084877 Crab and sea star R493-17
8 7 1540 98 422907 5084824 Picture of young lavas, beginning to see some sediments under the lobes Photo-18
8 8 1539 102 422910 5084813 Something's up with our headings? We're stopping.
8 10 1539 94 422935 5084879 Sediment in the bottom of the pits Photo-19
8 11 1538 89 422976 5084898 Pillow lavas and big fish Photo-20
8 11 1535 101 421318 5086936 Extensive drained out area
8 12 1536 99 421318 5086936 Exploded pillow
8 12 1537 94 425539 5084820 Picture of this exploded pillow Photo-21
8 14 1536 97 422856 5084742 Lobate flows. Having some trouble with navigation. Looks like there is more sediment. Collapsed area - debris on top and in hole.
8 15 1538 94 422856 5084742 Lots of broken up lavas. Very glassy. Looks like young lava - a lot of fragmented pieces of rock. Photo-2
8 16 1538 99 422988 5084874 Young lobate flows, a bit of sediment.
8 18 1537 95 423176 5085015 Heading across young lavas to the east
8 18 1538 92 423015 5084896 x=3015 y=4896. Crab on top of collapsed area. Photo-2
8 19 1538 106 423025 5084898 Lots more sediment on bottom of pits. Ropy lavas. Photo-24
8 20 1537 107 423019 5084867 More shallow collapse.
8 20 1539 106 423042 5084882 Chaotic jumbled folded area. Crab. Some thin plates that stand up vertical. Glassy. Photo-25
8 21 1539 104 423056 5084871 x=3056 y=4871 good fix on this line. Glassy flows.
8 22 1538 105 423068 5084862 Large drained out area - flat. Down in a collapse area. Lineated lava flow. Photo-26
8 22 1540 109 423059 5084828 Looks like flow is to the south. Lines heading south. Big broad plain.
8 23 1540 104 423100 5084854 Flat plain - sheet flow R493-18
8 23 1540 106 423090 5084854 Large flat area. First large lineated area we've seen like this. Photo-27
8 24 1540 107 423099 5084853 Extensive area of sheet flows. Photo-28
8 25 1539 109 423107 5084854 x=3114y=4855 good fix. Collapsed area. Glassy. Photo-29
8 26 1538 111 423135 5084821 Up on a more solid surface. Young lobate flows.
8 26 1538 110 423136 5084867 young lobate flows R493-19
8 26 1538 108 423136 5084867 x=3136 y=4867 good fix. Photo of crab. Extensive pockets of sediments. Back on the roof of a pit. Photo-30
8 27 1538 111 423147 5084867 3147 4867 good fix. Photo of skylight. Photo-31
8 28 1537 115 422990 5084680 More jumbled chaotic area.
8 29 1540 107 423156 5084856 Glassy jumbled flow. Photo-32
8 29 1541 107 423174 5084865 x=3174 y=4865 good fix. Photo-3
8 30 1541 110 423188 5084860 Mounds of jumbled sheets. Glassy. Some sponges - very small. Photo-34
8 31 1541 121 423194 5084854 More mounds of jumbled lavas. Slightly deeper. Photo-35
8 32 1542 107 423272 5084885 Still in young jumbled lavas Photo-36
8 33 1541 105 423218 5084860 x=3217.5 y=4859.7 good fix. Giant pillar, wall structure, about 4 m tall. Photos 37 - 40 Photos
8 34 1538 114 423209 5084854 Lots of collapsed areas, young lobate flows at bottom. More spires up ahead.
8 34 1538 103 423209 5084854 Picture of lava spire. Photo-41
8 34 1538 103 423209 5084854 Spires R49321
8 35 1537 110 423209 5084854 We're in an area where the eruption may have occurred. Deepest drainout area. Photo-42

Photo-43

8 35 1540 111 423218 5084859 Intact structures. More pits. Photo-44
8 36 1537 106 423165 5084764 No sign of any venting so far.
8 36 1538 115 423165 5084764 Jumbled sheet flow at bottom of pit area.
8 37 1539 112 423088 5084636 More jumbled lavas. Photo-45
8 38 1539 107 423284 5084848 Folded back piece of lava - very shiny.
8 38 1539 106 423291 5084844 Jumbled up crust is very thin.
8 39 1540 112 423293 5084841 Into flat area again - lineated lavas.
8 39 1540 106 423059 5084494 Jumbled lava. Spires. Photo-46
8 40 1538 110 423313 5084843 Series of intact areas with spires holding them up. Lobate flow on top.
8 41 1538 109 423291 5084792 Lobate lavas. Apparently out of collapsed drained out area. Photo-47
8 41 1538 108 423335 5084838 3335 4838 good fix.
0 0 0   0 0 Lobate flows, very glassy, very little life on them.
8 42 1538 111 423300 5084785 Photo of young lobate flows. Big rattail fish. Photo-48
8 43 1538 111 423356 5084839 Shallow collapsed pits. Jumbled flow.
8 44 1538 110 423365 5084840 A holothurian
8 44 1538 109 423373 5084839 Lobate flows. Surfaces have small pockets of sediment, some brittle stars Photo-49
8 45 1538 109 423383 5084838 Tops of the lobes look glassy.
8 46 1538 108 425253 5084725 Fragments of the glass in the pockets with sediment. Photo-50 - 51
8 46 1538 110 423392 5084830 Glass in pockets of lobate flow R493-22
8 47 1539 109 423360 5084774 Lobate flows, pockets of sediment with glass. A brittle star. Photo-52
8 48 1539 108 423363 5084774 Problem with the consoles.
8 49 1539 108 423221 5084598 We've lost console link-no telemetry
8 52 1539 108 423386 5084812 Looks like we've had some serious snap-loading on the umbilical causing a fiber to break.
8 54 1539 108 423536 5084972 Turned everything off to try restarting the whole thing.
9 1 1411 22 423536 5084972 Power is up again
9 5 1375 329 423436 5084849 They think it's a surface computer glitch that caused the problem.
9 6 1372 325 423438 5084850 The sub motor isn't starting at depth.
9 14 1320 295 423591 5084706 Going to bring the sub up to a shallower depth (50-70 m) to see if we can turn the motor on.
       Dive Summary: R493 was an extension of Dive R492. Collected a couple rock samples, but didn't go to any vents. ROPOS on bottom 0635 - 0848. At 0848 the sub lost telemetry due to snap-loading on the



    Dive R494
      Dive Plan: Dive R494 will start about 1 km south of the SeaBeam anomaly site surveyed on R465 in 9198 and move north to map the limits of the 1998 lava flow and sample the young and adjacent older lavas.
      Note: NO ACOUSTIC NAV THIS DIVE. NAV FIXES ON DIVE PLOT ARE SHIP AT STERN. X/Y ARE SHIP GPS.
  UTC Hour Min Depth (m) Sub Hdng (deg) UTM X UTM Y Comments Frmgrbs, Photos, Samples
3 12 738 258 423645 5085308 ROPOS in water at 0230 GMT. Marginal sea conditions. Biobox, 4 rock cores, Suction sampler and standard cameras on.
4 16 1717 228 422037 5078794 on bottom, old-looking sheet flow with a good amount of sediment. Flow may be as old as Bob.
4 19 1719 217 422037 5078794 some older looking lobates too. Skate in video on bottom. We are about 1km south of dive 465. Heading north
4 21 1722 3 422037 5078794 skate R494-1
4 21 1722 3 422037 5078794 Deep-Sea Skate R494-2
4 21 1719 6 422037 5078794 Yellow hydrothermal sed. around. Also a 0.5 m high mound of hydrothermal, yellowish color.
4 22 1721 6 422037 5078794 Sediment looks to have a hydrothermal component, mixed sheets and lobes. lots of hydrothermal deposits concentrated in mounds and edges of pillows.
4 28 1722 180 422037 5078794 Older folded sheet flows near where we landed. Lots of brittle stars, sponges. Taking first rock sample from here Photo 1
4 30 1722 183 422037 5078794 location of first rock sample R494-5
4 36 1723 165 422037 5078794 Nice sponge with rock core sampling R494-7
4 35 1722 168 422037 5078794 sheets are too brittle to sample with arm so they are taking a rock core
4 37 1722 174 422037 5078794 sponge at site one. R494-9
4 39 1723 179 422037 5078794 Rock core sample 1 R494-11
4 38 1723 172 422037 5078794 Core manipulation. Taking core. Far left core, purple core. (Photo2)  

Rck_core_494-1
4 45 1723 200 422037 5078794 going to suction the surface of the flow for sediment.
4 49 1722 199 422037 5078794 SS-j2_rck

_R494-2

4 50 1722 198 422037 5078794 sediment taken here is on top of lobate, relatively thin pelagic looking. sucked a brittle star to. Sucked into J2.
4 54 1722 200 422037 5078794 Background sample R494-12
4 57 1723 181 422037 5078794 Sea pen R494-13
4 56 1722 189 422037 5078794 Solitary soft coral, Gorgonia also an Anemone in the same area.
5 1 1723 177 422037 5078794 Moving a bit forward to continue sucking another sample from top of the lobate near the coral.
5 9 1723 170 422037 5078794 Finished sampling suction sampler, last suck was in hollow between lobates. some may have been hydrothermal yellowish material. Photo3 - Gorgonia sponge on lobates Photo 3
5 11 1723 128 422037 5078794 Background bottle R494-17
5 12 1723 61 422037 5078794 Looked like J3 was contaminated by sed. from J2.
5 15 1720 360 422037 5078794 Heading N, lobate lavas, crinoid and hydrothermal sed. Older area than anything in Caldera. Turning into jumbled and folded flows. Photo 5 - Hydro sed on older lavas and crinoid Photo 5
5 17 1720 339 422037 5078794 Big sponges on lobates, ropy lavas between lobates. Strange looking very flat ridge, could be a pressure ridge up to east. Photo 7
5 18 1720 352 422037 5078794 Lineated flows, rat tail. small fissures in lineated sheet flow.
5 19 1722 0 422037 5078794 Lobates with hydrothermal sed. between lobes. Dark crinoid. Sponges
5 21 1722 358 422042 5078807 Jumbled sheets with crinoid and sponges. Photo 8 - white sponge Photo-8
5 24 1721 3 422042 5078807 large flat blocks of tilted lava, lobes on other side of sheets toward the north.
5 26 1719 5 422042 5078807 More broken and tilted blocks of sheets, fairly thick, up to about 20cm thick
5 28 1721 359 422038 5078879 lobate over the sheet flow. Lobates are to the east. Photo - flat sheet Photo-8
5 30 1720 5 422040 5078901 Pillows and tubes, with sediment accumulated in lows. Pillows and lobes may be related. Both on top of sheets. pillows stick up higher than the lobates.
5 34 1722 2 422046 5078983 Stalked crinoid R494-18
5 34 1722 9 422046 5078937 old lobate filed, sediment infilling, crinoids, rattail. gorgonia. Photo - pile of lobes photo 10
5 38 1720 360 422047 5079038 in lobates but back into lineated sheets, massive with fractures, then back into lobates around the edge. Photo 12 - anemone. Photo 13 - gorgonia photo 12 photo 13
5 39 1719 6 422047 5079038 Looks like lobates were younger than the fissure. Photo - fissure Photo
5 40 1719 7 422047 5079038 Photo - in the fissure photo 15
5 41 1720 357 425922 5079394 Fissures in flat sheet flow R494-21
5 41 1719 2 425922 5079394 fissures run east of north maybe 20 degrees. huge sheetflow, lineated sheets. flat broad area. over high point and again the lobates lap up on it again. Photo - lapping lobates Photo 16
5 43 1721 4 422044 5079096 older lobates. typical pic. R494-22
5 43 1720 356 422044 5079096 moving laterally east in lobates.
5 44 1719 1 422043 5079103 Fissure in lobates, quite continuous with white staining on edges. Photo 17
5 45 1719 29 422043 5079103 back into sheets, thick flows that have fissures running NE.

Most lineations run east-west. Photo - lobates to sheets with fissures

Photo 18
5 46 1718 33 422043 5079103 fissure R494-24
5 47 1721 34 422043 5079103 Deep Crack R494-25
5 47 1719 28 422043 5079103 following fissure and stopping to get piece of thick massive sheet. Photos - fissure Photo 19 Photo 20
5 48 1722 1 422043 5079103 Sample of thick sheet flow along fissure R494-26
5 51 1721 353 422043 5079103 Slabby piece of thick sheet flow from fissure, aprox. 10 cm wide, put in STB BioBox. Rck_R494-3
5 53 1721 30 422048 5079201 Heading 020 along fissure, with both sheets and lobes are fissure. Photo 21
5 54 1720 20 422048 5079201 fissure narrows through lobates R494-27
5 55 1721 16 422048 5079214 fissure widens in lobates
5 56 1722 19 422048 5079214 Jumbled sheets with many animals photo 22
5 56 1722 17 422048 5079214 Jumbled sheets with stalked critters.
5 57 1722 19 422048 5079214 Lineated sheets, crinoid. Ropy sheets, back into rift
5 58 1722 20 422048 5079214 Flow in the crack R494-28
5 58 1722 23 422048 5079214 Eruptive fissure with new flow R494-29
5 59 1722 24 422048 5079214 New flow in fissure. Photos of new flow Photos 25?-27
5 59 1722 24 422048 5079214 New flow in fissure R494-31
6 0 1722 23 422048 5079214 Photo - fissure Photo 28
6 1 1722 22 422048 5079214 New lava 1.5 meters down, between thick sheet. R494-32
6 3 1720 203 422058 5079245 fissure looking south narrower fissure down a meter R494-34
6 3 1721 216 422058 5079245 Fresh lava in crack R494-35
6 3 1721 216 422058 5079245 Photo 31 - 33
6 4 1722 208 422058 5079245 Continuing down fissure R494-37
6 3 1722 222 422058 5079245 New lava up at level of older lobates. following the fissure to the south Photo 34 - 37
6 5 1721 197 422058 5079245 End of flow, fissure starts and then there appears to be a bit more in fissure Photo 39
6 6 1721 204 422058 5079245 Continuing down fissure with fresh lava R494-38
6 6 1722 200 422058 5079245 New flow continues to south in fissure. Photo - down in fissure, new but sed coated flow Photo 40
6 7 1723 203 422058 5079245 Fissure seems to get very narrow and flow dies out. End of tether, have to go back N.
6 12 1719 48 422058 5079245 Heading north again, back on fissure.
6 14 1724 36 422058 5079245 New flow in axis of fissure. Sampling R494-39
6 14 1724 43 422058 5079245 Taking a rock sample in the fissure. End of a tube. Very glassy.

Putting it in STB. BioBox with the slabby, sheet. Lava, toe.

Rck_R494-4
6 20 1723 44 422058 5079245 Fissured older pillow above the young flow. R494-40
6 21 1723 46 422058 5079245 sampling new flow. R494-41
6 23 1723 42 422058 5079245 Another sample from the same site Sample B is larger (sample B was changed to R494-5 Rck_494-5
6 24 1723 41 422058 5079245 Broken pillow R494-42
6 26 1723 30 422058 5079245 Last sample now be changed to Rck-494-5, BUT it is the same flow.
6 28 1724 10 422060 5079240 sample locale for older sample just outside of eruptive fissure. R494-43
6 29 1724 14 422060 5079240 Graben rocks R494-44
6 29 1724 10 422060 5079240 Sampling older lava just outside of eruptive fissure, slabby small plate. Appears to be difficult to sample, but they got a small piece and put it in the purse Rck-494-6
6 37 1723 20 421982 5079345 Heading N along the fissure again, lava almost to the top. Photo 42
6 38 1721 28 422060 5079242 Narrow fissure with lava in bottom. Fissure narrows to cm width Photo 45
6 38 1721 34 422060 5079242 Moving to west to see if there is another fissure. Lots of small cracks and fractures in Massive sheet but no eruptive fissure.
6 41 1723 80 422060 5079242 Complex terrain, with fissure cutting through it. Waiting for ship to move. Want to move at 030 heading.
6 44 1719 26 422060 5079242 extensive lineated sheet with fractures running 060.
6 47 1723 37 422060 5079242 Back along fissure, very narrow here, can't see any lava in it.
6 51 1723 22 422060 5079242 Back at the lava filled crack R494-47
6 51 1723 22 422060 5079242 Pillows in bottom of narrow fissure Photo 48
6 52 1722 37 422060 5079242 Following the fissure, blocks on top of lava in fissure. Pillows coming out of fissure, ERUPTION! Photo 49 - 52
6 53 1722 23 422060 5079242 young flow over older near fissure R494-49
6 54 1722 353 422060 5079242 Contact where lava has come out of crack R494-50
6 54 1722 345 422060 5079242 Near eruptive fissures, young flow on old. where lava erupted out of fissure. Young and old lavas have similar morphologies here. Photo 54 - 57
6 55 1721 25 422060 5079242 contact R494-51
6 55 1721 26 422060 5079242 Contact again R494-52
6 55 1722 31 422060 5079242 fissure eruption R494-53
6 56 1721 33 422060 5079242 Photo of east edge of fissure with lava just coming out. Photos 60's?
6 57 1720 21 422060 5079242 several fissure with lava in bottom. Very close.
6 58 1719 22 422060 5079242 R494-55
6 58 1720 24 422060 5079242 edge of fissure with lava R494-56
6 59 1723 28 422060 5079242 Photo of whole fissure photo 69
7 0 1723 32 423135 5079100 Narrow eruptive fissure , some bigger pillows. photo 70
7 1 1722 21 423135 5079100 contact of flows Photo 73
7 2 1724 30 421786 5079005 more of contact of young and old Photo 74
7 2 1723 61 421786 5079005 contact R494-57
7 3 1723 60 421786 5079005 Larger pile of pillows, harder to see the eruptive fissure. Fissure if only a few meters across. photo 75, 76
7 4 1724 58 421786 5079005 Primordial process of seeaflor spreading - "R. Embley 1999" Photo 78
7 6 1724 60 425906 5079838 skate R494-59
7 6 1724 60 425906 5079838 see a skate R494-58
7 6 1724 56 425906 5079838 Fissure seems wider and larger pillows
7 7 1724 58 425906 5079838 Can still see the edges of the flow. Photos - skate photos
7 8 1726 28 423231 5078522 Pillow in new flow. about a meter wide R49461
7 8 1726 28 423231 5078522 Large pillow of lava - over a meter R49462
7 9 1725 35 423231 5078522 Meter across pillows in new flow.
7 9 1724 30 423231 5078522 West contact Photo 86
7 10 1724 28 423231 5078522 new flow about 10m wide, covering the fissure.
7 11 1723 27 423231 5078522 edge of fissure R49463
7 12 1723 25 423231 5078522 Thicker flow R49464
7 12 1724 20 423231 5078522 widening out here. photo 89
7 14 1723 18 423231 5078522 contact showing that the flow is only one pillow thick, but spread out now. photo 90
7 15 1723 10 423231 5078522 East contact , could be 60 m wide here Photo 91
7 17 1723 3 423231 5078522 Stopping ship and going 010.
7 22 1716 267 423231 5078522 Now we're going to go due north.
7 25 1724 7 425904 5080697 Contact Photo-92
7 26 1724 3 425904 5080697 Moving over young lobate lava pillows
7 27 1723 9 425904 5080697 Beginning to see some hydrothermal staining
7 28 1724 14 425904 5080697 Young lobate lavas. Waiting for the ship to move. Photo-93
7 32 1727 7 426597 5081096 Picture of eastern side of the contact Photo-94
7 32 1726 13 426597 5081096 Contact R494-65
7 32 1726 14 426597 5081096 Another picture of the contact. Photo-95
7 33 1724 5 421811 5080068 Going northwest a bit to get to the top of the pile of the lava pillows. Pillows are a few meters thick.
7 34 1722 9 421811 5080068 We've come up about 5 m- degrees with SeaBeam data
7 35 1720 4 423246 5079378 Lobate flows - some hydrothermal staining. Can see some holes where flow was coming through.
7 36 1720 2 423246 5079378 Top of this pile of lavas - approximately 8 m. Photos 97 - 100
7 37 1720 13 423246 5079378 Some brittle stars apparent here.
7 37 1720 14 423246 5079378 Entering a flatter area here. Rattail. Photo-101
7 38 1720 13 423246 5079378 Flatter top area, even depth. Photo-102
7 39 1720 4 423246 5079378 Lots of holes where hydrothermal fluid was coming out.
7 41 1722 9 423349 5079440 Moving into larger pillow lavas on the edge of this. Photo-103
7 42 1722 10 423349 5079440 Crab on young pillow lavas Photo-104
7 45 1721 6 423326 5079486 Young lavas Photo-105
7 46 1720 12 423326 5079486 Smaller glassy lobe-like pillows. Morphology varies from large pillows at edge to flat lobate flow in the middle.
7 47 1719 12 422217 5079965 Curtain-draped sheet flow R494-66
7 47 1720 15 422207 5079951 Looks like we're in this east-west running channel, curtain draped lava flows. Photo-106
7 50 1720 10 422206 5079975 Brittle stars- looks like it's flattening out again.
7 52 1720 10 422211 5080020 Flatter lobes, more hydrothermal staining, more even surface. Photo-107
7 52 1719 8 422208 5080055 White colored scale-looking worms
7 53 1720 14 422212 5080056 These little wormy things are moving very fast- what are they? They're doing the scale worm dance. They're really pale because they're malnutritioned.
7 54 1720 10 422213 5080075 On the edge of something- a big deep hole- porthole to the subsurface. A big collapse about 5 m deep. Photos 108 and 109 Photos
7 54 1720 13 422009 5080464 Edge of a big collapse - about 5 meters deep R494-67
7 55 1719 11 422208 5080097 Looks sort of post-eruptive.
7 56 1719 18 422208 5080097 This is a pretty chaotic collapse - looking north to find the edge of it. Looks tectonic-structural trend.
7 57 1720 12 422208 5080097 Floor is covered with jumbled pahoehoe lavas.
7 57 1718 10 422196 5080116 We can see the other side of this feature - approximately 40 m wide. It's not a sheet flow. Photo-10
7 59 1720 33 422196 5080116 Picture of a gossamer-parachute like creature. Photo-1
7 59 1719 10 422196 5080116 Maybe this is the channel we saw last year? Continuing to lateral around here, to the right. Photo-12
8 1 1718 7 422196 5080116 Roof collapse R494-69
8 1 1718 11 422196 5080116 Rat tail. Edge of collapsed area again. Photo-14
8 1 1718 18 422196 5080116 Doesn't really look like a drainout, looks more like a bang." Overhung a lot on the edges. Continuing to the north."
8 3 1720 11 422196 5080116 Contact northern edge R494-70
8 2 1718 10 422196 5080116 Looks like the lava might be thinning out here? Maybe not. Holothurian. Contact. Photo-15
8 3 1721 14 422196 5080116 Sudden change to this contact- sudden depth change.
8 4 1721 12 422196 5080116 Going to go west to see if we can find a fissure going north from here. Photo-16
8 5 1720 14 422196 5080116 Picture of contact. Photos 17 and 18 Photos
8 6 1720 220 422196 5080116 Contact. Moving the ship 10 m to the west so we can go along this contact. Photo-19
8 8 1720 180 422196 5080116 Siting over older folded sheets.
8 10 1721 174 422196 5080116 Lots of brittle stars on the old lavas.
8 16 1720 191 421169 5080255 Back on the contact
8 17 1718 267 421169 5080255 Looking west along the contact: tubular-like protrusions finger-like extensions caressing the sheets. Photo-120
8 17 1719 266 421169 5080255 Young lobate lava interacting with older sheet flow R494-73
8 19 1720 256 421169 5080255 Edge of contact R494-74
8 19 1720 266 421169 5080255 Contrast of textures at the contact. Photo-121
8 20 1719 268 421169 5080255 A little extension of the flow to the north, northwest, maybe north.
8 21 1719 265 422122 5080370 Photo of young flow flowing around little remnant mound Photo-122
8 21 1719 265 422291 5080342 Picture of crab on new flow Photo-123
8 24 1720 266 422291 5080340 Still moving west following the contact - weaving in and out - no fissure. Photo-123
8 26 1720 266 422291 5080340 The older flows are changing now into more lobate-like pillow forms.
8 31 1719 270 422291 5080340 Moving the ship 20 m southwest.
8 38 1717 248 422291 5080340 Moving ship 20 m to bearing 25 - around northern end of SeaBeam anomaly lava flow. Still unclear if an eruptive fissure extends to the north from here. Trying to find out by going west first, then will go northeast.
8 45 1719 216 422291 5080340 Still looking at the contact-great contrast between old and new.
8 47 1721 171 422291 5080340 Having the ship move 10 m to the south, then continue 25.
8 49 1711 162 422291 5080340 Accidental photo - slippery popcorn hands photo. Photo-125
8 53 1713 184 422291 5080340 Another c*h shot ?? Photo-126
8 55 1720 180 422291 5080340 Glass on the old lava R494-75
8 55 1720 184 422291 5080340 Glass pieces on the old lava. Anemone as well. Pretty close to the contact.
8 56 1721 159 422291 5080340 Pieces of young lava, exploded pillows, lying on the surface of older lavas. Highlights on. Photo-127
8 58 1720 172 422291 5080340 Quite a bit of this fragment material. Going south.
8 58 1721 191 422291 5080340 Maybe these chunks are from when a pit collapsed. Crinoid. Photo-127
8 59 1722 171 422291 5080340 Contact with young lava, with pieces of glass on the old lava. could be due to a collapse. R494-76
9 0 1724 190 422291 5080340 Picture of contact, close up. Photo-142
9 0 1723 190 422291 5080340 Proceeding to the west. Highlights off.
9 1 1721 273 422291 5080340 Following the contact.
9 2 1721 276 422291 5080340 The fragments don't appear to be on the new lava, only the old flows.
9 3 1720 274 422291 5080340 Picture of contact. Photo-133
9 5 1720 275 422291 5080340 We haven't found any evidence of a northward fissure along this east-west contact. Looks like the contact is trending southerly.
9 8 1720 274 422291 5080340 Going back to the cage for tether management.
9 10 1696 94 422291 5080340 Back in the cage, now we're heading back to the bottom.
9 11 1717 37 422291 5080340 Now we're just going to follow the contact, but right now we're in the new lava. Heading north to look for the contact.
9 12 1720 2 422291 5080340 We're at the contact again. Starfish on the old lava. Heading west.
9 14 1720 276 422291 5080340 Continuing to follow the contact to the west.
9 14 1719 275 422291 5080340 We don't see any more of those glass fragments.
9 16 1720 277 422291 5080340 Approximately 60 m west of the ship's position.
9 21 1716 276 422291 5080340 Moving the ship 40 m to 340.
9 27 1716 344 422291 5080340 Crab. Heading north/northwest around 340.
9 28 1716 348 422291 5080340 A big sponge on the old lava.
9 29 1717 348 422291 5080340 Picture of old lava near contact Photo-134
9 29 1716 343 422291 5080340 Approximately 50 m ahead of the cage- the ROV is probably directly under the stern of the ship.
9 30 1714 345 422291 5080340 A the edge of a collapsed pit of the older lavas. Some sheet flows. Quite a bit of sediment here.
9 33 1715 345 422291 5080340 Lots of sediment here- lobate lavas under there. Kind of heading off axis so things are getting older and older.
9 34 1714 350 422291 5080340 We've found a fissure. Taking a look in the fissure. Looks deep - looks pretty old. Clean straight sides. Photo-135
9 35 1714 47 422291 5080340 Deep fissure R494-80
9 35 1716 44 422291 5080340 This is a very deep fissure.
9 36 1714 2 422291 5080340 A crinoid at the edge of the fissure, a crab, a starfish.
9 37 1713 30 422291 5080340 Still looking at the fissure.
9 38 1714 349 422291 5080340 Older lobate lobes, lots of sediment between the lobes. Some sponges and anemones on the lavas.
9 41 1712 346 422291 5080340 ROPOS is still right under the stern of the ship.
9 42 1713 343 422291 5080340 Older lavas turning more to pillows - still about the same age, though.
9 45 1713 356 422291 5080340 Looks like we see some of the glass fragments again on the old lavas. Hmmm. curious.
9 47 1712 356 422291 5080340 Still seeing those little pieces of glass on the old pillows and in the sediment pockets. Must be something new nearby.
9 49 1710 355 422291 5080340 Looks like there are even more little pieces of glass on the old flow now.
9 51 1709 0 422291 5080340 Fine particulate glass pieces on top of older lavas. Heavily sediment. Fresh glass shows up dark. Photo-136
9 51 1709 356 422291 5080340 Glass on older lava, heavily sediment. R494-82
9 53 1708 359 422291 5080340 Inside collapsed pit R494-83
9 53 1709 352 422291 5080340 Collapsed area with some pillars. Photo-137
9 54 1708 354 422291 5080340 Still seeing the fine particulate dusting of fresh glass on old lavas.
9 59 1707 1 422291 5080340 Flow is turning into a jumbled mess with collapses.
10 1 1707 1 422291 5080340 End of the 40m. Now we're going to go 50 m on a 045 course.
10 2 1708 48 422291 5080340 The cage depth has changed to 1675 m.
10 8 1707 44 422291 5080340 Looking for new lava.
10 10 1708 48 422291 5080340 We're in a jumbled zone. Hard to see if the glass deposits are still present.
10 14 1709 48 422291 5080340 Coming up on some pillars with intact roof.
10 16 1708 44 422032 5080676 Back into collapse, pillars, some crinoids. Photo of crinoid on top of a pillar. Photo-138
10 17 1707 47 422032 5080676 Echinoid on top of pillar R49485
10 18 1708 47 422032 5080676 pit with glass in it R494-86
10 19 1708 44 422032 5080676 Jumbled lava. Very irregular microtopography.
10 22 1708 44 422032 5080676 seem to be on a slope that's going to the south.
10 22 1708 52 422032 5080676 A neat white thing- a sponge?
10 22 1708 55 422032 5080676 A sponge of a different shape R494-87
10 23 1708 49 422032 5080676 Really rough topography here.
10 24 1708 46 422032 5080676 Spinous lava. Lots of sponges and such.
10 28 1707 54 422032 5080676 A pretty crinoid. A valve or two in a little pit- a large beautiful pink crinoid.
10 28 1708 46 422032 5080676 A valve in the small pit with an echinoid on the upper edge. R494-88
10 28 1707 42 422032 5080676 Out of the jumble into the lobate now.
10 32 1706 49 422032 5080676 We've found another narrow fissure. Looks deep.
10 32 1706 44 422032 5080676 Narrow fissure R494-90
10 32 1706 46 422032 5080676 The fissure is only about 20 cm wide. Fairly fresh breaking, but the lava is old.
10 33 1705 45 425427 5080885 ROV is lagging just a bit behind the stern of the ship.
10 34 1706 45 425427 5080885 Away from the fissure. In the older pillows and lobates.
10 36 1703 45 425427 5080885 We're going down slope.
10 37 1705 49 425427 5080885 A more collapsed area.
10 41 1705 46 422243 5080933 Going to keep on this course for 50 m (045).
10 43 1705 45 422268 5080947 Heavily sediment here.
10 47 1702 45 422253 5080978 Very few tectonic features here
10 47 1702 44 422253 5080978 no nav just ship positions
10 48 1703 51 422253 5080978 heavily sediment pahoehoe lava
10 49 1704 51 422326 5080989 jumbled flow, broken pieces of pahoehoe lava
10 51 1703 49 422646 5080494 Crab in defensive posture R494-91
10 51 1703 49 422646 5080494 crab large and fierce
10 52 1704 35 422360 5080912 ROPOS is attempting to grab the crab
10 55 1704 49 423344 5080451 crab leg collected into stbrd bio box Bio_R494-7
10 56 1704 49 425626 5081474 fish and crab heading north x=2455 y=0891 was position of crab leg sample above
10 59 1703 54 422389 5081094 pillow lava
11 2 1704 52 422423 5081094 New flow/old flow contact R494-95
11 2 1705 51 422423 5081094 contact with new lava x=2515y= 0950 all pillows
11 2 1704 53 422434 5081095 western contact, new flow R494-96
11 3 1703 92 422438 5081123 ROPOS is heading east to cross the flow of new lava
11 4 1703 86 422442 5081166 new lava photo 139
11 4 1703 93 422489 5080964 pit photo 140
11 4 1702 98 422492 5081128 more collapse photo 141
11 5 1702 95 422497 5081117 deep drain out pits in new lava
11 5 1703 99 422511 5081134 maybe older lava just below ? not sure photo 142
11 6 1702 90 422511 5081137 lots of big holes and drain pits
11 6 1702 98 422545 5081099 pits photo 143
11 7 1702 92 422545 5081099 large drain out photo 14
11 8 1703 87 422540 5081158 the flow is wide, probably continuous with the flow to the south
11 9 1704 90 422560 5081163 appear to be out of the drained out area, back to sheet flow
11 10 1703 88 422582 5081138 big hole
11 11 1704 83 422633 5080641 x=2603 y=0992 ship pos
11 11 1704 87 422666 5080685 ROPOS is a little south of the ship pos just given, flow of big collapse area
11 12 1707 87 422584 5081157 bottom of pit photo 145
11 12 1708 88 422584 5081157 up on the wall photo 146
11 13 1704 96 422598 5081013 east wall photo 147
11 14 1703 93 422422 5081492 flat plates, buckled up area photo 148
11 14 1704 92 422625 5081161 photo 149
11 16 1705 90 422734 5081035 pillows photo 150
11 17 1704 93 422672 5081114 contact on eastern edge photo 151
11 17 1704 91 422403 5082167 contact photo 152
11 17 1704 90 422403 5082167 Corresponding Eastern contact, after traverse across flow R494-97
11 18 1704 93 422670 5081166 turning North to follow the contact for a while
11 18 1704 10 422670 5081174 Eastern contact of new flow R494-98
11 18 1704 16 422670 5081174 contact photo 153
11 19 1704 16 422672 5081194 contact photo 154
11 25 1705 177 422740 5080848 trying to grab a rock for a rock sample
11 26 1705 176 422649 5081265 collecting piece of new lava at the eastern contact R494-99
11 27 1705 179 422734 5080842 rock is shaped like a lamb chop
11 28 1705 180 422736 5080849 rock broke off, only a small piece remains
11 29 1705 174 422672 5081148 might have lost one of the corers, putting the piece of rock into the bag Rck_R494-8
11 32 1705 172 422667 5081146 rock has been placed into the bag
11 35 1704 3 422658 5081274 starting north along the contact
11 37 1703 358 422707 5081032 x=2727 y=0994 ship position
11 36 1703 2 422658 5081274 "Island" of old flow surrounded by new flow. Photo - near east contact R494-100
11 42 1704 6 422813 5080746 large collapse area to the port
11 43 1704 6 423657 5080807 still on the eastern edge of a very large collapse area.

there are problems with the highlights tape

11 46 1703 1 422666 5081244 still parts of a big collapse area
11 47 1703 4 422949 5081647 still have a large collapse area to the west of ROPOS
11 49 1703 5 422677 5081256 x=2730 y=1180 ship's position may be out of the large collapse area
11 50 1705 355 422647 5081299 large crab
11 51 1703 358 422766 5080822 collapse area has ended
11 52 1703 5 422641 5081368 contact x=2729 y=1228 ship's position
11 54 1703 1 422760 5081306 chrinoid in the old flow , small sponge and stalk chrinoid
11 57 1702 1 422732 5081343 shallow collapse area, asking ship to turn to 045 to NE
11 58 1702 44 422756 5081345 ship's position 2732 1322
11 59 1701 50 422657 5081515 two stalk chrinoids, sea star, moderately heavy sediment
12 1 1701 42 422702 5081408 contact with the contact down in x=2741 y=1331 a topographic low
12 2 1704 49 422712 5081373 new flow into old fissure area R494-101
12 3 1702 47 422981 5080997 Hightlights on
12 4 1703 47 424598 5083037 asking to stop the ship
12 5 1702 44 422759 5080929 backed up to look again at the NE
12 5 1704 50 422594 5081820 contact and photo 15
12 6 1703 47 422695 5081482 photo 156
12 6 1703 46 422695 5081482 new VCR tapes
12 7 1702 47 422819 5080978 ROPOS turning to the south
12 7 1703 193 422694 5081496 following a fresh flow
12 8 1703 218 422694 5081496 highlights off
12 8 1703 184 421802 5080664 contact
12 10 1703 204 422682 5081502 asking the ship to move 20m bearing 045
12 13 1692 48 422645 5081522 in older lavas heading NE
12 14 1672 60 422710 5081561 back to cage
12 16 1693 33 422875 5080683 back on bottom on old flows heading to NE
12 18 1692 44 422062 5080713 collapse area on the stabrd (collapse pit or fracture)
12 19 1694 46 422062 5080713 debris falling downslope, debris apron in front of wall, crab
12 20 1700 45 422944 5081163 ship's position x=2842y= 1428
12 21 1700 45 422951 5081037 back up the other side of the wall, lots of mass wasting into the pit
12 22 1690 47 422859 5081365 less like a collapse looks more like a tectonic feature, rift zone
12 23 1688 45 422182 5080814 lots of brittle stars, bottom terrain is rugged, old lava
12 25 1688 45 422836 5081526 crevice cutting throughout the jumbled flow, faults appear to have a NE trend
12 26 1688 45 422835 5081612 area of old broken pillows and jumbled
12 27 1688 47 424419 5083009 anemone, crab lots of brittle stars in old jumbled lava
12 29 1688 45 422592 5082403 heading NE out of jumbled into lobate, back into jumbled
12 29 1689 47 422872 5081607 2934 1522 ship's position
12 30 1687 38 422866 5081648 cucumber, collapse pit full of sediment
12 31 1688 3 422852 5081743 lobate flows as we go upslope
12 33 1688 357 422872 5081681 shallow collapse area
12 34 1687 355 422813 5081688 deep drop of to the port
12 35 1688 359 422865 5081440 10 meters deep
12 36 1686 359 422810 5081684 deep depression full of jumbled blocks
12 36 1683 4 422686 5082140 pillows moderate sediment
12 38 1681 352 421233 5080454 nice large pillow structures
12 40 1672 6 422962 5081714 still in large pillows
12 43 1660 358 422864 5081802 nice lava tube
12 44 1657 356 422835 5081918 striations on pillows
12 45 1655 356 422929 5081831 2942 1762 ship's position, cage is at 1630m
12 47 1650 2 422868 5081817 continuing N across the old lava flows
12 49 1651 1 423799 5081461 rattail fish, still old lava
12 50 1650 4 424406 5083387 large chrinoid on the old lobate flows
12 51 1650 355 423048 5081343 deep fissure 7 or 8 meters deep to port
12 52 1649 357 423793 5081958 moving to port to find the other side
12 52 1651 265 422844 5081934 western wall, not w/ typical collapse pit. orientation is E-W

ROPOS will head North, 2937 1909 ship's position

12 55 1649 6 422928 5081953 still over large hole
12 56 1652 3 422857 5081954 deep area is channels
12 57 1649 360 422856 5081982 contact new lava dripping over
12 57 1651 1 422856 5081982 dripping lava photo 157
12 57 1650 6 422856 5081982 lava dripping over cliff R494-102
12 57 1650 3 423097 5081393 lava photo 158
12 58 1651 26 423097 5081393 dripping lava photo 159
12 58 1652 35 423097 5081393 new lava dripping over fissure in older lava R494-103
12 58 1652 38 423097 5081393 2940 1980 ships position, dripping lava photo 160
12 59 1652 42 422583 5082054 new lava drip into fissure R494-104
12 59 1652 27 422720 5081525 lava falls, lava stalactite
13 0 1652 22 422855 5081982 new lava drip into fissure R494-105
13 0 1652 40 422855 5081982 new lava drip R494-106
13 0 1652 24 423098 5081413 lots of little stalactites
13 1 1652 8 422857 5081983 new lava above drip R494-107
13 1 1652 6 422857 5081983 asking to head east to follow the flow
13 2 1649 323 422826 5081988 looks like flow just made it to the cliff, we are at the western edge of the flow
13 4 1648 267 422846 5082131 contact area now heading NE
13 4 1651 24 422887 5081979 highlights of lava stalactites
13 5 1650 76 422887 5081979 heading east, appears to be the edge of the flow contact is roughly east-west here
13 6 1650 88 422977 5082009 heading east to find the source of the flow, now at the edge on the east side
13 7 1648 94 422977 5082009 heading north along the eastern contact, ship pos 2945 1984
13 8 1649 90 422886 5082144 heading east in a thick part of the flow, contact is just to stbd, found a crack highlights on
13 10 1649 121 422886 5082144 fissure on southern edge of the flow photo 161
13 14 1650 198 423162 5081458 contact may be moving south at this point, contact irregular, general trend is hard to determine
13 15 1651 184 423162 5081458 highlights of, looking at a small group of pillows of the new lava flow on top of the old lava.
13 16 1650 225 423162 5081458 heading WSW, will follow the eastern contact to the N
13 19 1650 8 423162 5081458 photo ?
13 19 1650 106 423162 5081458 photo
13 19 1650 48 423162 5081458 lava contact R494-108
13 19 1649 130 423021 5082040 the source? photo 165
13 20 1650 20 423021 5082040 photo 16
13 20 1650 8 423021 5082040 flowing into fissure R494-109
13 21 1650 68 423080 5081712 very deep hole, lava dripping of the cliff
13 22 1651 24 423080 5081712 dripping photo 167
13 22 1650 28 423080 5081712 flow just made it to cliff, dripped over in a few spots
13 24 1648 355 423080 5081712 moving to west side of the flow
13 24 1648 282 423080 5081712 lava is very thin here, the western edge ends in large hole, really flat sheet flow on top
13 27 1649 282 422983 5082087 collapse structure in young lava
13 27 1648 275 422983 5082087 still moving west, lava looks young on top
13 28 1651 287 422869 5082054 moving ship over this position, highlights off
13 29 1650 275 422869 5082054 jumbled debris in the bottom of the collapse area.
13 31 1647 270 422869 5082054 changing heading to south along this fissure, waiting for the ship
13 33 1647 272 423064 5081534 fissure trend is NE-SW, asking ship to move 50m west
13 37 1647 279 422860 5082086 heading west to look at other side of the fissure
13 40 1648 269 423818 5081604 moving south, collapse area w/ large pillars.
13 41 1647 267 423057 5081531 large eruptive area, now the trend is N-S
13 42 1648 267 423057 5081531 2890 1988 ship's position
13 43 1647 213 423057 5081531 edge of the collapse area, asking to change heading to S over the new lava
13 45 1649 176 423632 5081521 changing direction to the west
13 46 1649 268 422990 5081694 over pillows, new lava
13 48 1650 270 422990 5081694 contact flow of new lava right up to old lava photo 168
13 48 1652 272 422990 5081694 no new lava up on top photo 170
13 49 1652 269 423557 5081497 lava ran up to the wall and was contained, new lava came into an old collapse area
13 50 1650 266 423557 5081497 looking at the top of the wall, all old lava up on top
13 51 1650 357 423557 5081497 turning North, contact with a wall
13 51 1650 1 422971 5081689 drip of new lava of the cliff photo 171
13 52 1649 4 422810 5082072 moving to North over new flow
13 54 1648 8 422810 5082072 highlights off, changing direction to NE
13 55 1647 50 422810 5082072 flow is getting flatter, small drain out collapse areas.
13 56 1648 48 422810 5082072 asking to move the ship 015, ROPOS is over the irregular collapse area we visited earlier
13 58 1648 48 422909 5082130 moving North heading 015
13 58 1647 16 422909 5082130 deep drain out area photo 172
13 59 1646 18 422909 5082130 very deep drain out area, 10m deep drain out, deepest we have seen
14 0 1646 23 422817 5082190 large rattail, broken flow, moving right looking for collapse area
14 1 1646 19 422817 5082190 lots of little windows of small collapse before the big collapse area
14 2 1648 16 422931 5082172 2911 2059 ship's position, over lobate new lava flow
14 3 1648 19 422867 5082138 changing direction to east to try to trace the collapse area
14 4 1648 22 422846 5082221 contact on east side
14 5 1648 18 422894 5082134 changing direction back to the NW
14 6 1646 6 423127 5081517 very jumbled area of the flow near the center
14 7 1646 2 422868 5082150 changing direction to the NE zigzag
14 7 1646 16 422862 5082153 over jumbled area
14 8 1646 27 422870 5082157 hydrothermal staining in the jumbled a like flow, scale worm
14 9 1646 22 423799 5083138 over pressure ridges, jumbled flows
14 9 1645 25 423572 5082976 2941 2170 ship's position
14 10 1646 27 423940 5083252 new VCR tapes
14 10 1645 26 423590 5082995 small pockets of white alteration
14 11 1648 295 424132 5083410 just alteration (white) not mat material in the jumbled flow
14 13 1639 355 422951 5082198 back into lobate, asking the ship to stop
14 16 1642 339 422912 5082165 2964 2238 ship's position, this is where the last core sample will be taken on the jumbled flow
14 19 1642 312 423500 5081650 two black strips on the core, 7 function arm removed the core,

5 function arm grabbing corer, 7 function re-grabbing corer

14 22 1642 273 422956 5082303 Core sample R494-111
14 22 1642 274 422956 5082303 looking at clean wax on the core before deploy
14 23 1642 247 422909 5082183 rock core sample in the jumbled new lava flow Rck_R494-9
14 26 1643 291 422957 5082297 2962 3337 ship's position for core sample
14 33 1642 281 423475 5081665 Core sample-black stripes-mashed on BioBox-new flow R494-112
14 34 1642 283 422956 5082296 core sample- position x=2965 y=2338 sample #494-9
14 38 1642 283 422960 5082240 asking the ship to move 015 about 30m
14 42 1637 3 422976 5082309 moving over jumbled flow from the new lava
14 44 1635 28 423032 5083037 possible iron staining on the jumbled flow
14 46 1635 22 422898 5082637 extensive iron staining in the jumbled flow
14 48 1634 15 422931 5082345 still over jumbled flow with light sediment
14 49 1632 11 422938 5082368 possible older lava?
14 51 1632 22 422947 5082375 2977 2301 ship's position, still over very confused terrain,

jumbled flow

14 53 1632 17 422976 5082395 heading NE another collapsed area w/ columns jumbled lava,

hole is about 10m deep.

14 54 1631 25 422975 5082397 Interior still plastic within lava lobe. R494-113
14 58 1631 14 423036 5082491 Very rugged terrain, some ophuroids.
14 59 1631 15 423041 5082502 A lot of topographic changes - jumbled flow now. Broken up flow with some intact pillows. Lots of exploded pillows. Very complex terrain.
15 1 1632 17 423053 5082511 Swimming brittle star.
15 1 1632 17 423053 5082511 Very thin crust on the surface of this flow - never had a chance to solidify into a thick pillow crust.
15 1 1632 17 423053 5082511 Collapsed pit with nice layering in the walls. Sheet flow over the top of the cliff.
15 6 1631 18 422995 5082491 Mysterious white swimming polychaetes again. Sheet to jumbled to pillow to sheet flow again - quick transitions.
15 8 1630 13 423049 5082548 Nice, glassy lobate flow with a few ophuroids.
15 9 1628 16 422995 5082520 Thin pillow lava shells with some exploded out.
15 9 1628 16 422995 5082520 Unknown seabug - crustacean (basalt flea) R494-114
15 9 1628 16 422995 5082520 Stopping the ship, about to change course. Weird white crustacean.
15 17 1629 7 423045 5082732 Unknown worm (disco worm) R494-115
15 17 1629 360 423338 5081918 It's a bug life. worm and crustacean R494-116
15 18 1629 358 423046 5082727 Great close up of unknown white 'disco' worm and it's crustacean buddy. Ship moved, now heading due north. Just waiting for some navigation.
15 22 1626 351 423173 5082760 Pillow flow, moving into lineated flow.
15 24 1627 343 423071 5082611 3034, 2510 - ships position at stern. Still waiting for nav and ship to move before heading north.
15 26 1627 349 423014 5082573 On the move again. Proceeding north. Glassy lobate flow.
15 30 1619 4 423185 5082791 Glassy lobate flow. We have commentary again. Swimming ophuroid. Lavas with yellowish sediment on them at the bases - is a product of hot rock/see a water interruption of new lavas. Photo 17
15 33 1616 4 423881 5083417 Contact of new pillows over old. R494-117
15 32 1617 360 424603 5083122 Pillows are becoming bigger and a bit broken up. CONTACT running north between old and young pillows. Very stark contrast between glassy, black young pillows and grayer older pillows.

3037, 5283 - ship's position at N-S contact.

Photo 178
15 36 1611 3 423403 5083047 Heading back into the new lava. Stopping the ship to head 350 - want to get back to the contact again.
15 38 1611 351 423335 5082995 Getting into shelly, drained out lobes. Another CONTACT - we are lateralling west facing north. Mixture of old and new flow - the new lava flow is getting thinner. Lots of broken pillows. Heading about 35. Photo 179
15 40 1608 342 423046 5082728 see a anemone on older pillow/lobe surrounded by new flow. R494-118
15 40 1608 346 423046 5082728 Beautiful huge pink anemone with smaller ones below.
15 41 1608 342 422969 5082673 Still a mixture of old and new lavas. Moving the ship again to heading 290 to keep up with the new flow. Nice view of a contact point again.
15 45 1606 352 423039 5082750 New flow contact (L) over older flow (R). Note the thin nature of the newer material (upper left) R494-119
15 49 1606 319 423039 5082750 Shallow, collapsed pit. Into drained out lavas. Still waiting for the ship to move.
15 51 1606 308 423039 5082750 Moving west at a heading of around 290. Drained out lobes with debris al over - exploded lobes, broken up. Getting into flatter, sheet flow rocks - approaching the source of the flow.
15 54 1605 301 423039 5082750 Hardly any intact lava, most of it is broken up due to drain out. Moving into glassy lobates again, but drain out area seems to be increasing. Photo of large drained out lobe. Photo 181
15 57 1602 296 423039 5082750 Going back to the cage to make sure everything is hunky dory. Then stopping the ship and going to head in a more northerly direction.
16 1 1609 341 423039 5082750 Point of contact. New flow surrounding older lobes. R494-121
16 1 1601 348 423039 5082750 Going to head 350 at half a knot. Back at the floor, on a contact - a bum shot, old lavas surrounded by a donut of new lava.
16 4 1605 349 422981 5082671 Contact again - 2998, 2686. Photo 182
16 7 1605 298 422651 5081720 Stopping the ship to head 30. Back on the new lavas consistently.
16 10 1604 301 423167 5081883 Still waiting for the ship to move.
16 13 1602 294 423211 5081875 We're moving. Heading 30. Nice collapsed pit.
16 16 1599 313 422975 5082624 CONTACT again. Nice large pillow. Looks like a major scarp.
16 18 1599 318 423000 5082804 Pink ophuroid. CONTACT again. Following the contact at a heading of around 30-310.
16 21 1599 310 422984 5082712 see a anemone on older pillow R494-122
16 21 1599 308 422984 5082712 Beautiful pink anemone on the side of a pillow. Stopping the ship for it to move 10m to the west but continuing on the same course.
16 24 1597 313 423453 5081438 Still waiting for the ship to move. Hanging out on the contact.
16 30 1598 305 423440 5081429 Ophuroids, a crinoid on ropy sheet flow.
16 32 1595 307 422915 5082724 Into more complex terrain now - jumbled, broken flow and a big drained out structure. Still no fixes from the southern net - using the stern of the ship for positions. Back into a stream of sheet flow, photo. Photo 183
16 35 1599 308 422668 5082716 Ropy sheet flow with sediment in groves, probably mostly pelagic in origin. Ship starting to move again at a heading of 30. Photo 184
16 37 1599 323 423732 5083623 sediment in the groves of the sheet flow. Photo 185
16 39 1597 310 423725 5083628 Moving from the sheet flow into more rugged terrain. Very sparse biology. A big push up structure with a large collapsed drained out area behind.
16 40 1595 317 423725 5083628 Climbing up a cliff with rubble talus at the bottom. Some yellowish sediment that may be hydrothermal in origin. Moved into very rough terrain - jumbled flow.
16 43 1593 313 423744 5083688 Traversing over very broken up lava, jumbled flow in a collapsed area.
16 47 0 0 0 0 Photos of the very broken up lava. Photo 188 of a big block with lots of sediment at the bottom. Rough terrain with many jagged blocks. (photos 186 - 189) Photos
16 47 0 0 0 0 Strange swimming white polychaete again. Big rattail. Still very jumbled, rough flow.
16 53 1592 316 422727 5082816 2704, 2831 - ships position at stern. Still traversing jumbled, broken up flow. Swimming polychaete again.
16 55 1592 316 422727 5082816 Lots of pushed up ridge structures. We are moving perpendicular to them.
16 56 1591 309 422727 5082816 Photo of rattail and jumbled lava. Photo 190
16 56 1592 308 422689 5082881 Rattail for scale - probably around 50-60 cm long. Lasers for scale.
16 58 1592 322 423227 5082929 Note: red laser points are 10 cm apart.
17 0 1593 307 423325 5082423 see a star (plump) on old lava flow R494123
17 0 1592 312 423325 5082423 Lobate flow for a few meters. Back into jumbled, broken ropy flow. A photo of a plump asteroid. Now ropy sheet flow again. Back up along a pressure ridge, into lobate flow. Photo 19

Photo 192

17 2 1592 316 422585 5082884 Broken, jumbled flow again.
17 4 1591 316 422585 5082884 Very broken up flow into lobates again. Probably nearing a contact point again because of lobates, slower flow.
17 6 1592 316 422569 5082920 large pit, sediment photo 193
17 7 1591 316 423190 5082442 more of the big hole photo 194
17 7 1591 306 423177 5082448 Overhanging rim. Still in lobate flows, with intermittent collapsed structures about 3 m deep. Photo 195
17 9 1591 319 422625 5082852 Into a ropy sheet flows.
17 11 1592 314 422625 5082852 Jumbled flow, brecia at the bottom of a push up feature. Photo of blocky, hackly lava. Photo 196
17 13 1593 312 422625 5082852 Had to reset the Imagenex.
17 15 1595 311 422625 5082852 A couple swimming polychaetes again. Still in jumbled, blocky flow. Very broken up.
17 17 1594 322 422388 5083018 On top of a hill/ridge structure. Big broken blocks.
17 19 1596 312 422388 5083018 Back into lobate flows.
17 21 1600 321 422388 5083018 Lobates mixed with broken up flow now. More continuous lobate flows again.
17 24 1600 317 422297 5083071 Into jumbled, broken, blocky flow again. Some old lava peeking through - new lava crust quite thin here. Photo 197
17 27 1601 277 422976 5082500 Heading west to try and find the contact. Pillow lavas.
17 30 1604 304 422391 5083043 Drain out structure with a small column supporting the roof. Still lobate surface with drained out areas. CONTACT point: 2184, 3139.
17 31 1604 324 422391 5083043 Stopping the ship. ROPOS is 60 m NE of the stern of the ship - where the above fix was from. Moving ship 50 m to the east, then starting on a heading of 045.
17 35 1598 56 422074 5085359 Bob thinks new flow is about 90 m wide. Waiting for the ship to move.
17 41 1598 45 422074 5085359 We're moving again - heading northeast. On old lavas now.
17 44 1598 48 422206 5083150 2206, 3159 - fix of stern of ship.
17 44 1597 44 422206 5083150 Crinoid and asteroid on old lava.
17 49 1593 43 422206 5083150 Still on the old lavas heading 045 - lots of holothurians. Edge of a collapsed pit, into the new lava again? 2282, 3286 fix.
17 52 1589 46 422276 5083225 Still in old pillow lavas - that jumbled bit of flow may have been a channel of new lava passing through the old flow.
17 53 1587 50 422316 5083267 Old lavas. Beautiful slender asteroid, crinoid, ophuroids. Photo 199
17 56 1584 45 422316 5083267 Sunken area with a wall of large pillows - coming up a slope. x=2404, y=3362 fix.
17 58 1578 48 422343 5083334 Still climbing up the wall. Highlights on. Nice big pillows with lots of biology. Come up about 9 meters now (18:01).
18 1 1568 45 422872 5082784 2527, 3478 fix. Tons of sponges on the old lava, some holothurians, an asteroid (18:02).
18 4 1567 36 422131 5084096 Stalkless crinoid on old lava flow R494-124
18 4 1567 38 422131 5084096 Photo of a stalkless crinoid. Still tons of sponges. Huge plump starfish (18:05). Photo 20
18 7 1563 46 423145 5082693 Highlights are off. Fix: 2642, 3602.
18 10 1559 35 422700 5083642 seem to have reached the top of the ridge/hill structure. There were tons of sponges and other biology on the slope, Fix: 2736, 3684.
18 18 1518 227 422825 5083759 We have been having some problems with the tether for the past 10 minutes or so. The ship is stopping so we can get back to the bottom.
18 23 1525 23 422709 5083710 Back at the cage.
18 27 1528 20 422709 5083710 Lost video on the sub. Is power down? The tether went again. Coming back up.
18 36 1528 20 422709 5083710 Dive Summary: ROPOS Dive R494 was a continuation of the two previous dives, which were ended early.
       The objective was to determine if the 1998 eruption was continuous between the northern, well-mapped area and the southern SeaBeam anomaly (visited last year on R465), and to map out the extent of the 1998 lavas.
      This dive started about 800 meters south of the southern SeaBeam anomaly (1200 m south of the R465 dive track) on Axial's South Rift
      The pre-1998 lavas were much older here, in general, than further north (near Bag City Vent), allowing the 1998 lavas to be easily distinguished. About 500 meters south of the southern SeaBeam anomaly ROPOS encountered a fissure with '98 lavas in the
      bottom. As ROPOS approached the anomaly, the lavas overflowed the fissure and spread outward. This was clearly the surface expression of the dike that fed the eruption. North of the southern SeaBeam
      encountered it again after we traversed back to the NE, about 700 meters NE of the north edge of the anomaly. The '98 lava here was ~200 m wide, but as we followed it north, it narrowed and eventually pinched out completely about 400 m further north.
      This '98 lava is probably connected to the southern SeaBeam anomaly. The '98 eruptive fissure along this part of the SRZ was further to the east than we had expected, based on bathymetry. For example, it is 350 meters east of the large cratered mound
      at 45 52.85'. ROPOS crossed the trend of the '98 eruptive fissure again, 600 meters further north and again young '98 lava. There was a big drained out lava lake in this area. '98 lava was followed another 200 - 300 meters along axis, and then ROPOS
      crossed another 200 - 300 meters of older lava, before reaching the eastern contact of more new lava. The sub then traversed to the NW and was in '98 lava for ~ 800 meters. Once at the western contact, ROPOS turned to traverse NE, but did not cross '98
      lava again. The traverse to the NE was never completed because ROPOS telemetry was lost and the dive ended prematurely. At the end of the dive, ROPOS was about 1000 meters NNE of the last crossing of '98 lava (and west of where it would be expected),
      and about 1150 meters south of the traverse on Dive R493 (and about 100 meters west of the '98 lava contact from Dive R493 if extended southward). In summary, the '98 eruption appears to be nearly continuous from its northern end, south to almost 1 km
      south of the southern SeaBeam anomaly. In this area between the two, the eruptive fissure changes orientation from north-south in the north



    Dive R495
      Dive Plan: 1) Fluid sampling of southern caldera/upper South Rift Zone vents - Mkr-108, Mkr-113, Castle, Joystick, Coquilles, Bag City. 2) Suction sampling: Mkr-113 Marcus/Moyer, Bag City Moyer/Juniper, Diatom mat on new lava - Tunnicliffe.
      3) Recover and deploy MTR's at Mkr-113 and Bag City. 4) Sulfide sampling at Castle. 5) Finish Imagenex survey, geology traverse south.
      ROPOS Configuration: Hot Fluid Sampler, Suction sampler (j1 - j4 and 1 - 4), Niskin, Imagenex, cameras and rock purse
      Note: Nav fixes not edited in the logs. All fixes were logged, regardless of accuracy. Use the dive plots to determine actual positions.
  UTC Hour Min Depth (m) Sub Hdng (deg) UTM X UTM Y Comments Frmgrbs, Photos, Samples
3 39 99 290 422709 5083710 ROPOS in water at 3:30, Julian Day 186.
4 52 1478 328 423814 5087055 Nearing bottom, water is murky.
4 56 1519 18 424638 5087317 On the bottom, lineated sheets and ropy sheets. old flows
5 0 1521 97 423812 5087127 Mkr-33 in view.
5 2 1522 241 423845 5087103 AT vent site. Lots of growth on the Osmo samplers already.
5 6 1523 191 423841 5087040 Mkr-33 site with gear R495-3
5 7 1523 202 423841 5087040 Mkr-33 vent site, deploying OsmoSampler Photo-1
5 13 1523 187 423824 5087152 osmoanalyzer Fe-analyzer Deployed at Mkr-33 R495-4
5 18 1523 193 423836 5087124 placement of osmo R495-5
5 21 1523 198 423821 5087152 Placement continued - osmo R495-6
5 21 1523 198 423821 5087152 Finishing positioning Osmo sampler just to right of bacteria traps under the lip of the sheet flow, in the concentrated fluid flow.
5 26 1523 187 423845 5087108 Placement continued R495-7
5 31 1523 185 423847 5087107 final osmo placement R495-8
5 27 1523 187 424648 5087324 Going to take a temp measurement with the fluid sampler tip. Temps. Max 15 C. Photo 2 of position of deployed Osmo. in vent at Mkr-33. Photo-2
5 32 1523 185 423870 5087044 Making a lateral video survey of area around Mkr-33. Highlights being taken to.
5 33 1523 179 423845 5087109 R495-9
5 33 1523 178 423845 5087109 R49510
5 34 1523 180 423845 5087109 Picture of fracture at Mkr-33 with the many interesting pieces of scientific equipment. Photo-3, 4
5 36 1523 184 424645 5087322 R495-12
5 37 1523 202 423846 5087103 R495-13
5 36 1523 178 424645 5087322 Photos of vent facing S. photo-6,7, 8
5 37 1522 220 423856 5087086 R495-14
5 37 1523 220 423856 5087086 turning to face the fracture, taking more photos Photo 9
5 38 1523 234 423855 5087078 R495-15
5 38 1523 236 423855 5087078 R495-16
5 38 1523 234 423855 5087078 one more photo of site and deployment. photo-10
5 39 1523 232 423936 5086880 R495-17
5 42 1522 228 423747 5087351 Need to reposition traps R495-18
5 48 1523 103 423833 5087055 Backside of Mkr-33 R495-19
5 49 1523 88 423851 5087102 R495-20
5 51 1524 36 424647 5087321 Tube worms galore R495-21
5 50 1524 40 423853 5087085 Moving to the S side of the sheet flow, where the slab has collapsed and there is new? venting. Tubeworms, snails, limpets, bacteria, bag creatures present. Possible that the slab of sheet dropped within the last year so this venting is a new expression.
5 52 1524 36 423846 5087110 Concentrated diffuse venting has worms and snails. Trying to get a temperature. Max temp around 14 C.
6 1 1523 184 423838 5087058 View of area around Mkr-33 photo-12
6 2 1523 197 423843 5087098 transect R495-22
6 2 1523 221 423713 5087595 R495-23
6 3 1522 216 423713 5087595 R495-24
6 3 1522 222 423713 5087595 R495-25
6 3 1522 217 423967 5086873 R495-26
6 7 1523 214 423718 5087595 Repositioning Bacterial traps 41 so that they are closer to venting.
6 9 1523 213 423848 5087109 Trap reposition of 41, 42 looks good! R495-27
6 9 1523 190 423847 5087113 Moving ship to Mkr-108.
6 16 1518 181 423968 5086640 lava spires R495-28
6 16 1519 179 423968 5086640 more lava pillars R495-29
6 18 1516 186 424779 5087025 A moving experience. over old collapse area, pillars galore.
6 19 1518 182 423964 5086598 White bacterial? stains on tops of pillars/ lobate crusts of roofs of drained out areas.
6 23 1517 175 423868 5086975 Continue in collapse area with many pillars. some seem to be aligned. May be 3-4 m deep? Altimeter is not on. Depth of collapse seems to be
6 27 1519 239 423788 5086921 Pillars and collapse area. Photo 15 is of a fallen pillar. Photo 14,15
6 29 1519 218 423766 5086905 roof over pillar R495-30
6 30 1518 216 423761 5086896 Roof over collapse R495-31
6 30 1517 213 423766 5086891 Still heading SW. Started Imagenex. Collapse region, with more uncollapsed roof. Not more than a meter or two deep here.
6 33 1517 212 423747 5086858 Turning on suction bottle to get a background temp.
6 36 1519 217 423732 5086821 Large coherent sheet flow on floor of collapse. Taking temp up in water column. Folded and jumbled sheets.
6 43 1519 274 423702 5086775 rumble-o-meter R495-32
6 40 1520 219 423719 5086780 Broken up sheets, chaotic area. Rumbleometer in sight. Sitting in folded sheets.
6 44 1520 132 423716 5086770 Fairly flat area of mostly folded sheet flows and jumbled sheets. Light sediment in-between folds.
6 48 1521 201 423784 5086704 Ropy sheets then into folded sheets and then jumbled sheets.
6 49 1522 204 423781 5086656 Some relief here. Pillars again with bacterial staining. Lots of white staining. May be venting. more activity. Photo 16
6 51 1515 183 423778 5086616 water definite cloudy here.
6 52 1518 186 423780 5086604 Pillars have staining on them but relatively little on the collapsed floor.
6 54 1520 230 423780 5086589 Mkr-108? R495-33
6 54 1520 230 423780 5086589 Top of pillar with some bacterial stains. R495-34
6 54 1518 223 423775 5086591 good fixes.
6 56 1509 350 423766 5086601 Tether management. We'll take a short break and then Andy will take over.
7 6 1499 124 423738 5086632 looking for Mkr-108, bearing 105, around 25m away
7 8 1523 100 423752 5086614 ropy sheet flow, possible venting to the left photo 17
7 8 1523 106 423758 5086612 staining of ropy sheets, with fracturing, mkr should be around south end of pillar photo 18
7 10 1519 39 423778 5086591 staining on pillar photo 19
7 10 1522 20 423752 5086608 tube worms visible, venting is apparent but no marker in sight, good fix
7 11 1523 38 423777 5086605 no marker visible, but according to fix should be around 20 meters away
7 13 1520 177 423407 5087266 staining visible on surrounding pillars
7 14 1519 182 423782 5086601 smaller pillars with visible venting
7 15 1519 250 423757 5086591 date is wrong on the overlay - it is one day behind
7 16 1519 296 423757 5086593 coming around to get on south side of pillar, lots of white staining but no apparent venting
7 16 1520 11 423772 5086587 no venting on south side of pillar
7 17 1519 47 423772 5086585 possible marker in distance, moving around to check it out
7 18 1520 6 423778 5086589 good fixes, lots of floc but no marker yet
7 20 1520 100 423786 5086592 good fixes
7 24 1518 251 423776 5086589 heading back to first place we saw venting, worms are visible on top of pillar
7 25 1520 230 423778 5086580 stopped on top of pillar, appears that there is a little bit of venting, very slow trickle of non shimmery water.
7 27 1519 318 423301 5087530 heading NW, 318.2 to the place we started looking for Mkr-108
7 29 1521 338 423764 5086599 low lying pillar with cracks leading up to it, but no shimmering water, continuing
7 32 1521 323 423756 5086603 good fix, has us right under cage
7 33 1520 6 423746 5086625 fix now has us north west of cage, with no pillars in sight
7 36 1520 270 423305 5087533 jagged, crumbly flow
7 37 1521 271 423738 5086591 good fix, due west of target by about 40 meters but no pillars in sight
7 38 1520 89 423726 5086587 heading straight east over jumbled ropy sheet flow
7 39 1521 86 423749 5086583 good fix
7 40 1520 86 423743 5086575 possible vent out of big hole, but we cant get to near it to check it out
7 44 1521 81 423771 5086586 good fix, and some vent coming out of the base of a pillar, we are going to continue the transect to the east and then come back if there is nothing better
7 47 1522 352 423773 5086605 venting coming out of hole with worms surrounding it. Dave has decided to sample here
7 49 1523 29 423312 5087530 we are 20 meters at 329 from the target but have decided to sample from what appears to be two holes
7 51 1523 73 423772 5086607 placing the temp probe inside one of the holes,
7 56 1524 136 423781 5086593 good fix, but the temp probe bumped into the side of the vent and now it has collapsed into a swirling mass of floc and shimmering water, the temperature did reach 9 C though.
8 7 1524 132 423771 5086608 temp is around 13.6 C for max
8 7 1524 128 423772 5086609 starting first sample, max 13.6 C HFS-17_dfl

_R495-1

8 9 1524 132 423789 5086580 the last was a false start, now we are really sampling!
8 11 1524 130 423771 5086608 Taking hfs at base of pillar near Mkr-108 R495-35
8 14 1524 131 423772 5086608 stopping sampling, 50ml sampled
8 16 1524 130 423751 5086609 starting to sample with gas piston 5 HFS-5_dfl

_R495-2

8 17 1524 129 423751 5086609 stopping sampling at 125ml
8 18 1524 128 423324 5087585 picture of sample site photo 20
8 18 1524 132 423981 5086592 starting sampling HFS-10_dfl

_R495-3

8 24 1524 130 423771 5086607 stopping sample with 60ml of fluid, this is the last fluid sample here, we are now heading south to slurp
8 27 1524 128 423774 5086605 Where we fluid sampled near Mkr-108 R495-36
8 28 1524 126 423774 5086607 leaving sampling site
8 29 1522 197 423752 5086602 saw 2 Alvin dive weights 1 m at 238 heading
8 32 1523 204 423769 5086563 heading over ropy sheet flow to get a suction sample
8 33 1525 220 423756 5086558 found a good pocket of sediment to sample, now attempting to pick up the suction sampler, good fix of x=3755 y=6560
8 36 1525 219 423757 5086560 good fix
8 47 1525 265 423293 5087520 people are now changing their minds whether they want samples here, we are moving into a better area to get suction samples
8 50 1526 211 423759 5086554 beginning suction sampling, new fix is x=3759 y=6555 SS-j1_sed

_R495-4

8 51 1526 211 423759 5086556 Taking sediment sample near Mkr-108 R495-37
8 55 1526 212 423760 5086555 stopping sample
8 58 1526 212 423759 5086555 suction is on SS-j4_sed

_R495-5

9 2 1526 211 423760 5086558 outlet temp probe on suction sampler is working but the inlet temp probe is broken off, we think it broke off sometime before now
9 5 1526 213 423758 5086558 done sampling here, going to move ship and then head over to Castle, which is 40 m SE
9 9 1500 15 423542 5087430 we are now up at 150m and there is definitely a plume, lot o' particles, Dave deduces that there must be more venting going on near Mkr-108 (which we never found) than we discovered
9 12 1519 141 423542 5087430 we are down right under the cage, and found the venting that we first discovered when we got here
9 13 1520 131 423790 5086551 ship moving 350m at heading 141
9 24 1522 131 423794 5086585 transit to castle photo 21
9 25 1519 137 423808 5086578 going over some very think orange sediment, good fixes
9 28 1522 153 423845 5086531 going over ropy sheet flow
9 29 1518 156 423848 5086513 going over a long network of collapsed lobate roof
9 30 1518 154 423858 5086498 good fixes
9 31 1519 156 423860 5086495 no more sign of collapsed lobates, all are intact
9 33 1520 161 423878 5086470 lot of collapsed lobate surfaces, held up by pillars
9 35 1519 159 423894 5086437 we are 185 m away from castle
9 36 1520 162 423898 5086427 beautiful skylight photo 2
9 36 1520 160 423898 5086427 Skylight with a basalt pillar supporting it R495-38
9 36 1520 158 423904 5086422 coming to the edge of a drain away area, lots of iron oxide sediment
9 45 1521 154 425173 5086358 a beautiful example of a lobate crust, it looks solid but it isn't. surprise!
9 46 1518 98 424003 5086307 lots of white staining on rock, there is a vent in site. we are officially at castle
9 47 1511 64 424011 5086310 Castle R495-40
9 47 1512 66 424011 5086310 4011 6310 this is a good fix
9 48 1512 49 424012 5086310 photo of castle photo 23
9 48 1512 55 425181 5086333 top of castle photo 24
9 48 1512 52 425181 5086333 Edge of Castle R495-41
9 49 1510 70 424013 5086310 top of castle photo 25
9 49 1512 117 424012 5086309 top of castle photo 26
9 49 1512 120 424012 5086309 SE view of Castle R495-43
9 49 1512 144 424012 5086314 top of castle photo 27
9 50 1514 151 424012 5086314 Another view of Castle R495-44
9 50 1513 158 424014 5086315 top of castle photo 28
9 50 1514 191 424013 5086315 top of castle photo 29
9 51 1514 219 424015 5086319 top of castle photo 30
9 51 1515 234 424003 5086317 A lower portion of Castle R495-46
9 51 1514 246 424003 5086317 side of castle photo 31
9 52 1512 281 424015 5086301 Castle again R495-47
9 52 1512 280 424015 5086301 bacteria side of castle photo 32
9 52 1513 220 424032 5086328 side of castle photo 3 and 34
9 54 1513 13 424013 5086305 Castle yet again R495-48
9 54 1514 12 424013 5086305 mat side of castle photo 35
9 54 1519 16 424013 5086305 Venting area on Castle R495-49
9 54 1520 20 424016 5086302 Another view of venting at Castle R495-50
9 55 1520 358 423982 5086306 parked in front of small anhydrite structure
9 55 1520 3 424023 5086305 Top of spire with venting at Castle R495-51
9 56 1519 16 424016 5086310 Protozoan mat at Castle - the blue goo R495-52
9 57 1519 12 424001 5086310 lots o' limpets and blue protozoan mat above anhydrite structure
9 58 1520 346 424002 5086310 three of Craig's traps are there but are completely covered in limpets!
9 58 1520 345 424002 5086310 Bacteria traps at Castle deployed in '98 R495-53
9 59 1521 348 425181 5086324 anhydrite structure photo 36
9 59 1520 344 425299 5086355 attempting to break of anhydrite structure for Steve
10 0 1520 348 425181 5086324 structure fell and we may try to pick it up after we fluid sample
10 1 1520 345 425182 5086332 Bacteria trap at Castle R49-554
10 2 1520 348 423999 5086310 fluid is really rushing out of the hole we made by knocking over the anhydrite structure, placing temp probe into hole
10 6 1521 350 425167 5086316 Temperature probe at Castle R495-55
10 7 1520 346 423576 5086341 max temp so far of 151 C, lost coms but now it is back
10 10 1520 348 424015 5086303 temp has now peaked at 175 C
10 12 1521 351 423978 5086313 temp increasing up to 255 C
10 15 1521 349 424526 5086299 new high is 270
10 16 1520 346 424016 5086309 starting fluid sampling at castle, t1 274 C, t2 17 5C, good fix at x= 4016 y= 6309 HFS-4_hfl

_R495-6

10 19 1521 348 424020 5086309 pump turned itself of and Dave is attempting to turn it on, which he succeeded at
10 20 1521 351 424019 5086310 stopped sampling, 460 ml
10 22 1521 352 424022 5086227 starting filtering for xrf HFS-2_hfl

_R495-7

10 27 1521 345 424016 5086309 Worms at Castle R495-56
10 27 1521 347 424016 5086309 sampling done at 507 ml
10 27 1521 347 424019 5086310 probe nozzle appears to have crud on it, so Dave is trying to blow the flow out in reverse to clean the tip off, it appears successful
10 31 1521 347 425189 5086335 starting sampling on bag 18 with filter HFS-18_hfl

_R495-8

10 34 1521 350 423998 5086310 sampling stopped, 3mins of sampling, around 375 ml
10 39 1521 349 424016 5086310 gas tight fired at 10:40, starboard gas tight gtb_hfl_R495-9
10 46 1521 350 424021 5086310 getting 5 function positioned to take a Niskin
10 52 1518 12 424202 5086836 Nisken collected 2m Niskin_R495-10
10 55 1515 311 424020 5086309 Steve and Bob highlight on
10 58 1513 162 424018 5086313 FeOxide chimney photo 37
10 58 1513 158 424018 5086313 Castle again R495-57
10 59 1513 163 424016 5086314 Grabbed a large sulfide sample R495-58
10 59 1513 164 425183 5086324 chimney spire broken of, taken to the bottom to subsample
11 2 1517 243 423999 5086320 ROPOS on the bottom near castle vent, trying to open the bag on the front of the fluid sampler with the probe. Bag is open, chimney is positioned above the bag. Pieces of the chimney are breaking off after hitting the fluid sampler and falling SF_R495-11
11 15 1518 261 424024 5086318 Moving to Flattop SE 5-10 m away.
11 17 1515 162 425505 5086968 Arrived at Flattop, Mkr-N5. Look
11 17 1512 158 425184 5086323 Mkr-N5, Flattop Photo 38
11 24 1512 97 424035 5086306 Attempting to collect a piece of FeO from the top of Flattop. Positioning sample over bag, opening the bag with the probe, putting FeO sample into bag. FeO_R495-12
11 31 1512 80 424036 5086306 Attempting to close the bag completely with the 5 function arm. Bag closed.
11 33 1512 91 424034 5086306 Just next to Flattop there was another small FeO spire. Just about 2m away, heading west.
11 36 1512 31 424042 5086291 ROPOS is moving back to the cage.
11 39 1519 232 425193 5086345 ROPOS is on the bottom, starting to move toward Mkr-113.
11 40 1520 231 424006 5086276 Moving over the old flow. Nav is reasonably good.
11 47 1520 232 423996 5086280 good fix
11 49 1521 232 425197 5086271 Partial collapse lobate area. May be young lava flow.
11 53 1523 236 423912 5086200 Iron staining, a few meters back we went through the contact.
11 59 1528 252 423550 5086856 Glassy flow, probably '98.
12 0 1527 249 423829 5086153 Close up of jumbled lava flow, now with hydrothermal staining. Some ropy flows that are now broken up. Also lots of Fe oxyhydoxide
12 1 1526 253 423800 5086133 Oxides Photo 40
12 1 1525 243 423794 5086128 The bottom Photo 41
12 2 1524 243 423783 5086121 Seeing some white mat. More white mat. Very broken up, drained out area.
12 3 1525 247 423772 5086111 Lava looks like '98 flow, infiltrated with FeOxides, some more white sulfide mat.
12 4 1524 243 423756 5086097 Patch of small tube worms
12 4 1524 243 423756 5086097 Jumbles lava, with tube worms, and mat. Photo 42
12 5 1526 248 423756 5086097 Large ropy sheet flows, lots of FeOxide sediments, some white mat.
12 6 1525 246 423756 5086097 Mat along the cracks
12 6 1526 248 423721 5086083 cracks, mat and (before) we saw small tube worms. photo 4
12 8 1527 246 423702 5086077 large ropes, FeOxide sediment low temp hydrothermal deposits. photo 45
12 9 1526 244 423684 5086062 Fe deposit photo 46
12 9 1526 245 423677 5086057 Heavy FeOxide sediment photo 47
12 10 1526 241 423671 5086052 heavy FeOxide sediment on the ropy flow. photo 48
12 10 1525 247 423671 5086052 iron oxide sediment on sheet flows R49560
12 10 1524 244 423665 5086047 Mound of sheet flow, lots of FeOxide sediment, some light in color suggesting recent activity. photo 49
12 11 1524 243 423654 5086038 Over main sheet flow.
12 12 1526 241 423650 5086035 Sheet flow with FeOxide. photo 50
12 12 1525 242 423645 5086030 push up area photo 51
12 13 1524 245 423624 5086014 Small collapse area. Now into a more solid lobate flow w/ drain outs.
12 15 1523 243 422920 5085314 Spires in photo 52
12 15 1522 244 423595 5086006 More spires in a collapsed area. photo 53
12 16 1524 245 423586 5085997 more spires , roof collapse, in young lava. photo 53
12 17 1523 246 423567 5085980 Debris of collapsed roof material. photo 5
12 17 1522 244 423564 5085977 Floor of collapse area.
12 18 1523 240 423557 5085970 Area of extensive drain out. Very broken up.
12 19 1524 244 423545 5085966 Spires. photo 56
12 20 1523 246 423534 5085961 Drain out area, 4-5 meter high spires.
12 20 1524 243 423529 5085956 natural bridge photo 57
12 21 1523 247 423517 5085947 lobate photo 58
12 22 1523 248 423511 5085943 Floating creature R49561
12 22 1522 243 423511 5085943 floating gelatinous creature. photo 59
12 25 1524 268 423463 5085921 photo 60
12 25 1524 268 423456 5085919 lobates photo 61
12 26 1523 269 422789 5085259 Ropy bottom
12 26 1524 266 423450 5085934 white mat
12 26 1525 270 423450 5085934 good fix.
12 27 1524 267 422467 5084937 FeOxide sediment on pahoehoe photo 62
12 28 1524 272 423419 5085909 Tube worms.
12 29 1524 274 423409 5085908 pillar with a lot of white staining photo 62
12 30 1524 272 423405 5085901 photo 64
12 31 1523 267 423398 5085903 on top with tube worms. photo 65
12 32 1523 271 423392 5085906 top surface with tube worms, bacterial mat , young lava, glassy. photo 6
12 33 1524 281 423392 5085906 Dead Tube worms near Mkr 13 R495-62
12 33 1522 273 423386 5085900 Spire covered with mat underneath.
12 34 1524 270 423394 5085879 Dead tube worms near Mkr-113 R495-63
12 34 1524 275 423386 5085895 Lots of stressed or dead worms, spread out in a crack.
12 36 1523 268 423596 5085540 Highlights on.
12 36 1524 270 423388 5085889 Area of warm water.
12 36 1524 265 423388 5085889 Tube worms. some alive near Mkr-113 R49565
12 37 1523 267 422765 5085284 Looking for Mkr-113
12 39 1524 2 423357 5085901 spire structure, looks like a house. photo 676
12 39 1524 360 423364 5085906 Window in lava wall R49566
12 39 1525 356 423365 5085908 same another view photo 68
12 40 1525 358 423364 5085910 interior of column photo 69
12 40 1524 360 423368 5085912 tube worms photo 70
12 40 1523 358 423370 5085914 same as above, worms photo 71
12 41 1523 2 423372 5085919 warm water w/ new worms.
12 41 1523 5 423372 5085926 arrive Mkr-13
12 41 1523 4 423372 5085926 same photo 72
12 41 1525 3 423372 5085926 same marker 113 photos73 and 74
12 42 1525 358 423372 5085930 Marker 113 R495-67
12 42 1526 9 423371 5085930 Bottom of 113 photo 76
12 43 1524 343 423372 5085931 Mkr-113 photo 7
12 44 1524 334 423374 5085933 Looking around at Mkr-113.
12 48 1525 209 423373 5085933 bacteria traps Mkr-113 R495-68
12 49 1525 204 423372 5085933 Really good fixes.
12 50 1525 215 423373 5085932 Bacteria traps mkr 113 R495-69
12 50 1525 212 423373 5085932 Looking for a good spot to sample.
12 50 1524 285 423372 5085932 New VCR tapes.
12 54 1524 222 423378 5085928 Still looking for a good spot to collect fluid samples.
12 58 1525 38 423370 5085933 Returned to Mkr-113 looking for a spot to sample water, up on top near a bacterial trap and tube worm area with good flow of water.
13 0 1525 41 423370 5085933 Looking for a max temp with the probe. good fixes.
13 3 1525 43 423370 5085932 bag 1 w/filter max t 20.3, T1 just lost coms. Pump is still on. Temp is now 21. T2=1.8 Starting again 13:07 HFS-11_dfl _R495-13
13 8 1525 43 423368 5085932 good fix. Still sampling bag w/filter. R495-13
13 11 1525 40 422723 5085298 Stopping max T was 2.6 C.
13 12 1525 41 423370 5085933 bacteria traps. mkr 113 R495-70
13 13 1525 44 423369 5085933 gas tight port side starting 13:14 done 13:14 gtb_dfl_R495-14
13 15 1525 40 423370 5085932 13:15 unfiltered bag 16 on 13:16:32, temp is going up 0.27 C, stopping 13:21:4 HFS-16_dfl _R495-15
13 22 1525 40 422430 5084988 ROPOS is lifting off in order to reposition for suction sampling.
13 25 1525 100 423371 5085933 ROPOS has settled back down. Starting to flush the suction sampler.
13 29 1525 91 423371 5085933 Suction sampler bottle 1 begin sampling mat near bacterial traps for Moyer. 13:32 stopping bottle 1 is full. SS-1_mat

_R495-16

13 32 1525 90 423370 5085933 Continuing to sample same mat area. pump on 13:34 . Hose has become disconnected from end of suction probe. 13:35 SS-2_mat

_R495-17

13 36 1525 90 423377 5085939 broken hose of slurp sampler R495-71
13 36 1525 87 423376 5085917 Laser dot on sampled area R495-72
13 45 1525 57 423371 5085934 Mkr-113 with filamentous bacteria growing on it R495-73
13 46 1525 37 422726 5085300 ROPOS is repositioning to pick up MTR
13 48 1527 48 423370 5085931 photo of tube worms on the MTR line photo
13 48 1527 54 423370 5085931 tube worms growing on line R495-74
13 49 1527 43 423369 5085930 Releasing SS, 5 function arm is picking up the VEMCO (no #) MTR.
13 51 1527 32 423369 5085930 Vemco MTR with tube worms on the line. Opening bag to deposit sample. Stuffing MTR and worms into the bag. MTR+bio

_R495-18

14 8 1527 29 423369 5085931 Opening the bag with the 5 function arm while bringing the lose, floating end of the MTR line in with the HFS probe. Not able to secure the line yet.
14 11 1527 29 422726 5085299 holding the MTR line and the suction sampler handle in the 5 function arm. This secures the line.
14 13 1527 32 423370 5085931 The bottom at the base of Mkr-113. photo
14 13 1526 350 423373 5085932 More bacteria traps, mkr 113 R495-75
14 13 1526 6 423370 5085930 ROPOS is moving. Doing a survey of the base of Mkr-113. Looking for bacteria traps.
14 14 1527 5 423372 5085931 bacteria traps. photo
14 15 1526 328 423370 5085929 Area around bacteria traps at mkr 113 R495-76
14 15 1526 308 423372 5085933 base of Mkr-113. photo
14 15 1526 304 423372 5085933 bacteria traps mkr-113 R495-77
14 15 1524 356 423372 5085933 ROPOS is moving back to the cage.
14 21 1524 186 423358 5085855 Leaving Mkr-113 Photo 82
14 22 1523 184 423355 5085850 Sub heading 185.
14 22 1522 175 423360 5085853 lot of diffuse venting on bottom , lots of staining. photo 83
14 24 1523 181 422792 5085287 White staining, diffuse venting. photo 84
14 24 1523 177 423363 5085843 Highlights on.
14 24 1524 182 423348 5085843 Lobate flow, with staining, mats and worms,
14 25 1525 179 423380 5085860 staining white, active vent sites. photo 85
14 26 1524 175 422602 5085096 White staining and Fe staining. Diffuse venting has been mostly continuous so far. photo 86
14 26 1524 174 422396 5084985 Lateral back to the right. No more staining.
14 27 1525 170 423361 5085803 lobates, not active for venting. photo 87
14 29 1525 182 423366 5085788 Traveling over lobates, no sign of active venting.
14 30 1526 183 423386 5085798 Lots of orange sediment collected in lobate cracks. Crab. Photo 8
14 31 1526 168 423373 5085762 Orange sediment indicates that there used to be active venting in between lobates. Possible that some of the holes are still active.
14 32 1526 173 423380 5085749 Lateraling to the right and orange sediment is decreasing.
14 39 1530 177 423357 5085636 More signs of venting with increased orange sediment in cracks. About 140 m from Joystick. Photo 89
14 41 1532 181 423485 5085150 collapse & pillars R495-78
14 41 1532 182 423485 5085150 Jumbled, broken flow with some pillars. Photo 90
14 43 1531 189 423349 5085571 Water continuously cloudy. Less staining in cracks.
14 44 1532 186 423348 5085559 Some white staining in cracks now. About 50 m from Joystick.
14 45 1531 183 423351 5085545 Photo 91
14 46 1530 191 423347 5085535 Thick white mat on the side of a ridge, broken/jumbled flow. Lots of milky water coming out - looks like what Easy/Milky/Magnesia looked like last year. Photos 92 - 94
14 50 1534 67 423354 5085520 We are at Joystick - positioning to sample.
14 55 1533 45 423310 5085484 Put new video tapes in.
14 58 1535 64 423321 5085460 Positioning to fluid sample. Temperature up to 7 degrees C.
15 3 1535 61 423380 5085501 Turning on piston #2 of the HFS. Temp. up to 9.6 degrees C. Pumping done at 15:09, 630 ml pumped. HFS-7_dfl _R495-19
15 9 1535 60 423326 5085469 Bag with .45 filter, HFS #14. Starting to pump at 15:1. Max temp. 8.7, but hanging around 6 degrees C. Stopping at 15:17, 643 ml was pumped. HFS-14_dfl _R495-20
15 18 1535 58 423301 5085430 3 micron/sterivex filter #12 of HFS selected. Started at 15:18. Lost computer connection at 15:21. Back on a minute later. Unsure of whether pumps continued to pump - turned off and back on to make sure. Stopping pumping at 15:33, pumped 150ml. HFS-12_dfl _R495-21
15 33 1535 43 422836 5085584 0.2 micron filter#6 of HFS, for FISH. Starting to pump at 15:35. Stopped pumping at 15:44, 1 L was pumped. Max temp 9 C HFS-6_dfl _R495-22
15 45 1534 46 422846 5085596 HFS # 24, gas piston starting. Stopped at 15:47, 150 ml pumped. HFS-24_dfl _R495-23
15 48 1534 46 422654 5084778 HFS # 15 with a 0.45 filter for lipids is starting. Max temp. 9.8 degrees C. Stopped at 15:58, 820 ml was pumped. HFS-15_dfl _R495-24
15 59 1534 46 423360 5085461 HFS #3 with a 0.45 filter for xrf. Starting at 16:01. Max. temp 10.1 degrees C. Stopped at 16:05, 570 ml pumped. HFS-3_dfl _R495-25
16 7 1534 44 423066 5085204 Finished sampling at Joystick (good fix: 423345, 5085486), going back to the cage before heading 250 to Coquille.
16 23 1529 251 423368 5085478 Better position on Joystick: 423345, 5085495.
16 25 1533 248 423337 5085464 Starting to move SW towards Coquille. Young ropy lava flows. Jumbled flow with lots of pillars - collapsed area. Photos97 - 99
16 28 1532 247 423353 5085491 Pillars and collapsed pit - only a 1-2 m drain out area. Photo 100
16 30 1532 246 423332 5085481 Lobate flows. Probably still young lavas, but some small sponges and ophuroids.
16 33 1533 247 423216 5085426 Photo 101
16 35 1533 248 423157 5085388 Glassy lobes with accumulated sediment in cracks. Highlights was just on for 2 minutes. Photo 102
16 37 1534 258 423113 5085376 First patches of tube worms - is this old lava? The tube worms look old. Clam shells. Bob thinks we just went over the contact a few minutes ago.
16 39 1535 269 423081 5085370 CONTACT with new lava again. Going back and forth between old and new lavas. Difficult to tell - confusing transitions between old and new. Photos 104 - 107
16 42 1535 274 423042 5085365 Some white mat in cracks, still complex terrain - old lavas with new down in the collapsed area?
16 43 1536 270 423025 5085362 Orange staining between lobate cracks, some old tube worms and patches of clams. Photos 108 - 110
16 46 1535 270 422580 5085452 Coquilles vent, blue protozoan mat. R49579
16 47 1535 309 425368 5085241 #2 R495-80
16 45 1535 270 423146 5085200 Are we at Coquille yet? Yes, we are there! Bush of new worms with an old bunch to the right. Lots of anemones, protozoan mat, tons of limpets. Mats of limpets.
16 52 1535 283 423538 5085831 #3 R495-81
16 53 1535 292 423641 5085489 #4 Limpet covered area at Coquilles R495-82
16 55 1536 336 422029 5087122 Fluid sampler probe being deployed at Coquilles R495-83
16 53 1535 292 423641 5085489 At Coquille - a small pit with TONS of limpets matting the basalt. Some new tube worms to - reinvigorated venting? Tried to fluid sample here but couldn't reach the flow, going to find another spot. Photo 114 - 115
17 2 1537 350 422970 5085359 Found a new area of flow - T= 5.8 C. A sunken pit surrounded by tons of limpets with a small bush of new tube worms in the middle. Trying to position the HFS intake in a good, warm stream of flow. Couldn't get it - moving again to another spot
17 1 1536 353 422932 5085326 Depression at Coquilles. R495-84
17 9 1536 63 423348 5085740 Tube worm bush with good flow. Temp around 19 degrees Celsius R495-85
17 16 1536 55 423074 5085445 Close up of tube worms and limpets Coquilles. R495-86
17 18 1536 54 422983 5085374 Close up view of tube worm with limpets at Coquilles R495-87
17 21 1536 54 422979 5085364 Sea anemone, blue protozoan patch and clams at Coquille. R495-88
17 9 1536 63 423350 5085764 At a new tube worm bush, again trying to fluid sample. Temp. up to 19 degrees C. HFS #19 with 0.45 micron filter for chem/sulfur. Starting to pump at 17:12. Fix for this sample: 2973, 5358. HFS-19_dfl _R495-26
17 24 1535 40 423094 5085459 1716-1723 - great close up highlights of Coquille vent area. Limpets (L. fucensis), anemones, tube worms, Provanna variabilis, protozoan mat, scale worms (L. piscesae and Branchinotogluma sp). Heading to Bag City venting area - heading 255 for about 300 m Photos 119 - 121
17 29 1534 113 422938 5085318 On the periphery of Coquille still. Waiting for the ship to move. Photo 122
17 30 1534 113 422970 5085324 Looks like new tube worms (reinvigorated venting) is restricted to center of Coquille field - mostly older worms on the periphery. Photo 123 - 126
17 35 1535 116 422986 5085301 Older tube worm bush R495-89
17 34 1533 98 422981 5085303 Beginning to move towards Bag City. Passing over old lobates with old tube worm bushes. Clams in cracks between lobates. Photo 128.
17 36 1534 100 423006 5085309 Good fixes.
17 39 1535 107 423031 5085295 Traversing over old lobate flows to Bag City. Some sparse clam shells.
17 41 1534 101 423047 5085300 Just crossed the CONTACT, into new lava now.
17 44 1533 101 423463 5085624 Older lava with sponges in between new lavas. Collapsed area, up onto the roof. Photo 129 - 130
17 46 1532 95 423264 5085438 Jumbled, broken lobates. Old lobates with quite a bit of sediment in cracks. Into cloudy water. Orange sediment getting thicker in-between lobates. Photo 131 - 133
17 48 1533 98 423133 5085271 Orange sediment in crevices. Approaching the venting area. Highlights on. Photo 134
17 50 1534 102 423174 5085256 Lava whorls and steep slope. Still 10m from Bag City. Photo 135 - 137
17 53 1532 109 423212 5085242 Photo 138
17 56 1534 94 422833 5084658 White bacterial mat on ridge structure. Tube worms on the roof of a collapsed pit. Lots of bag creatures I think. Looks like old worms. Bad fixes. Photo 140 - 141
18 2 1534 51 424587 5083247 Preparing for fluid sample with in a tube worm bush. R495-92
18 1 1530 88 423254 5085190 At Bag City, Mkr-36. Highlights off. Going in to fluid sample just next to Mkr-36. Photo 142
18 4 1534 63 422886 5084792 Probing temp. for fluid sampling. Temp max. is 2.7 degrees C.
18 22 1534 196 423163 5085082 HFS working in tube worm bush @ Bag City R495-93
18 16 1534 196 423039 5084456 Starting to pump into piston #20 of HFS. T1 hanging around 2 degrees C. Really steady temp at 2.6 degrees C. Stopping at 18:23, pumped 683 ml. Max temp was 23.2 degrees C. HFS-20_dfl _R495-27
18 23 1534 193 423163 5085082 Starting to pump #23, gas piston of HSF. Stopping sample at 128 ml, max temp. 23.4 degrees C. HFS-23_dfl _R495-28
18 25 1534 196 423163 5085082 Starting to pump HSF 0.45 micron filter #21 for xrf. Keeping the same position in tube worm bush for a HFS samples here. Finished at 1828, pumped 50 ml. Max temp 23.3 degrees C. HFS-21_dfl _R495-29
18 32 1534 196 423951 5085648 3 micron/sterivex Filter #13 of HFS started at 1830. Stopping pumping at 1839, filtered 1 l of water. Tmax was 23.4 degrees C. HFS-13_dfl _R495-30
18 40 1534 194 423412 5085338 Starting to pump bag #9 with a POC filter. HFS-9_dfl _R495-31
18 45 1534 196 423250 5085182 R495-30: 53 ml pumped, stopped at 18:45. Starting to pump 0.45 micron filter #7 (for lipids) of HFS at 18:45. Stopped sampling at 1854, 1 L, Max. T 23.2C. HFS-7_dfl _R495-32
18 55 1534 191 423108 5085049 HFS sampler #1, FISH filter at same place at Bag City. Started at 1856. Stopped sampling at 1905, 1 L, Tmax 23.4C

NOTE: Date on video overlay is wrong. Reads 07-04 and should read 07-05 (American date system).

HFS-1_dfl _R495-33
19 17 1534 193 423501 5085431 Northern transponder appears to have turned off by itself. Turned back on.
19 27 1534 194 423501 5085431 Vemco temp probe being dangled over tube worms R495-95
19 33 1534 190 423087 5083893 Lost T-bar and end of suction sampler (previously separated from hose) while manipulating rope on Vemco recovered at Mkr-113.
19 35 1534 172 423257 5085194 Deployed MTR at Bag City tube worm bush where fluid was sampled. Looking for end of suction sampler. Cannot retrieve it.

Photo of Bag City site. Good (awesome! even) fix of 3278, 5220 at Bag City site.

Photo 143
19 44 1526 183 423251 5085182 Leaving Bag City on 190 course for 80 m along line of depressions in lava surface. This line continues the line of vents further north. Doing tether management first.
19 50 1534 194 422428 5085029 Starting traverse in lobate lava. Lots of large drain structures. Asked bridge to move ship along the line.
20 4 1531 106 423784 5085655 going from uncollapsed roof to deep collapse area
20 4 1533 103 423233 5085212 moving ship to Bag City, then will start traverse to bearing 190 for 80 meters (along the apparent vent line that includes Mkr-113, joystick vent, and bag city). Jumbled sheet flow.
20 5 1533 117 423257 5085211 staining found en route R495-96
20 5 1531 121 423257 5085211 ROPOS in back in bag city. SE Mkr-36 at bag city.
20 7 1530 112 423207 5085282 whoops, nope we just went in circles back to Mkr-36, Bag Man City R495-97
20 7 1531 184 423230 5085172 Ship now starting the traverse at a bearing of 190. Lots of bags around bag city.
20 9 1533 189 423211 5085255 Still white staining between lobes. Small collapse pit.
20 10 1533 192 423262 5085149 Lobate surface with very large drainouts. White staining on rocks. Large narrow deep rift >10 m dep. White stain on both walls which are a few m apart. May be main eruptive area. Depth of vehicle 1534 m. Lots of particulates in the water column.
20 17 1536 190 423123 5084672 Still in narrow crevice. 8 m deep beneath vehicle at 1539 m depth. Water column is murky. East and west walls here have no evidence of venting.
20 20 1535 160 423258 5085076 Walls on both side are solid with no reentrance caused by drainouts. Clearly tectonic. Lots of centrimetric-size ruble. Some large sheets of lava have slide down into crevice without breaking up. Little white staining. x= 3246, y=5207 good fix
20 25 1540 176 423375 5085287 Eastern wall of crevice - broken tubes. Photo 161 - no strobe. Photo 160
20 26 1536 152 423230 5084991 Very tectonized on west wall. FeOxide sediment on ledges. Up on top at west side, se lobate flows passing into ropy and curtain drape sheet lava as we continue west. NO evidence of tectonism. Depth 1540m.
20 30 1540 195 423197 5084946 Continuing south. Sheet flows with pressure ridges forming jumbles of folded lavas. Proceeding back to east now.
20 31 1539 193 423187 5084934 Good fix. Lateraling east over ropy and curtain drape sheet flow. Whorls in lava. Only slightly broken up.
20 33 1538 195 423204 5084901 Intact ropy shell lava as we continue to lateral east.
20 34 1538 172 423012 5084314 At east edge of crevice. Lots of crabs. Good fix x=3231, y=4880 at 20:35.
20 37 1535 186 425255 5085415 Drainouts near top of crevice. Crevice bifurcates towards the north. Stopping ship to change course. x=3232, y=4843 good fix at 2038.
20 41 1538 84 423232 5084816 Good fix. Up on flat area to the east of the crevice. Jumbled sheets.
20 44 1537 130 423185 5084707 Jumbled sheets. Small white patches. FeOxide.
20 44 1536 100 423238 5084797 good fix. We are to far east. Going back to west over drainouts.
20 49 1536 187 423214 5084716 another collapsed area R495-99
20 48 1536 186 423204 5084720 Proceeding west. Lobate flows with some FeOxide patches. Changing ship's course back to 190.
20 53 1538 194 423285 5084728 more R495-100
20 54 1539 191 423198 5084685 more of the pillar R495-101
20 51 1537 194 423191 5084691 Still traversing lobate lava. Some red staining on broken edges and between lobes. Dead worms. Reached large drainout/collapse. Crabs.
20 56 1538 194 423194 5084670 more pillar R495-102
20 55 1538 191 423006 5084062 Layering on west wall of a N-S elongated collapse structure. Crabs. 8 m dep. 3194, 4670 good fix.
20 57 1538 192 423192 5084658 lobe on pillar R495-104
20 58 1537 192 423191 5084653 Still in collapse. >10 m dep. Lateraling to west. good drainouts in wall. Murky water.
21 0 1536 194 423217 5085350 tube worms R495-105
21 3 1538 192 423176 5084624 crab grab R495-106
21 0 1536 194 423217 5085350 Vent field. Dead/dying tube worms being eaten by crabs. In crevice. Broken of lobes. Stopping ship.
21 7 1538 160 423145 5084590 3165, 4617 good fix at newly named Crevice Vent. Looking around the area.
21 11 1538 104 424114 5085211 subsurface worms (deceased) R495-107
21 12 1538 94 424044 5085479 some severely confused worms R495-108
21 13 1538 95 424044 5085479 ? R495-109
21 19 1538 3 423183 5084625 into the tunnel R495110
21 21 1538 7 423181 5084631 tube worm patch R495-111
21 22 1538 1 423181 5084631 vent fish R495-112
21 22 1538 1 423244 5084794 vent fish in a subtly different pose R495-113
21 23 1538 0 423759 5085070 white polynoid included R495-114
21 18 1537 94 423553 5084023 Survey of tube worm area. Leave tube worm area quickly to east. Large patches of tube worms to the north.

3181, 4631 good fix at 221.

21 38 1538 30 423178 5084652 good Fix, sampling rock from Crevice Vent. Rck_R495-34
22 4 1538 14 423176 5084651 FeOxide and basalt glass beside small tube worm bush in jar J3. Very little sample but enough for SEM. Saw basalt piece that looks suspiciously like the one we just sampled. May be hole in the purse. SS-j3_FeO _R495-35
22 15 1538 202 423161 5084637 let the vacuuming begin R495-117
22 18 1538 202 422982 5084340 J2 jar of suction sampler after brief tube worm shake down R495-118
22 15 1538 203 423158 5084634 Suction sample (with broken hose tip) of small patch of dead tube worms in interstice of lava lobes taken for biology. Lots of FeOxide among tubes, though. SS-j2_bio _R495-36
22 25 1538 106 423178 5084820 hostile (and stupid, to) crab R495-119
22 29 1538 103 423152 5084632 Took Vemco out of the bag and held it in the port claw for the rest of the dive so as not to lose it because of the hole in the purse.
22 34 1539 187 423140 5084606 more tube worms on the way south again R495-121
22 34 1538 187 423157 5084624 more structures and a crab, to R495-122
22 35 1538 190 423021 5084511 etc. R495-123
22 32 1537 157 423149 5084622 Continuing southward traverse. Initially passing over Crevice Vent. Lots of tube worm bushes. Depression here is ~6m dep.
22 35 1539 191 423021 5084511 A few tube worms on east wall but essentially out of the field.
22 36 1538 191 423141 5084796 top of .? R495-124
22 36 1538 191 423141 5084796 On west wall. No obvious hydrothermal activity but water is murky. Crevice is about 6 m deep.
22 37 1540 192 423180 5084675 R49-5125
22 38 1539 191 423180 5084675 fissure? R495-126
22 39 1539 188 423176 5084235 more fissure R495-127
22 37 1540 190 423180 5084675 Broken lava, drainouts. Crevice disappears and then reappears.
22 41 1540 196 423083 5084571 some sort of feature R495-128
22 41 1539 193 423196 5084236 hmmm fissure seems to have turned into an inverse fissure R495-129
22 39 1538 190 423026 5084729 Broken lava lobes on walls. Crevice only 2 or 3 m dep. Fresh looking pillows in bottom. Is this an eruptive center? Looks in places a lot like the SW Rift on Hawaii.
22 43 1540 191 423204 5084648 Solid lobate surface. Very glassy surface. Looks like 1998 flow. No ROPOS fixes.
22 45 1543 189 423139 5084576 R495-130
22 45 1544 185 423190 5084611 R495-131
22 46 1541 173 423234 5084624 top of 12 - 13 deep fissure R495-132
22 44 1542 182 423058 5084513 Depression ~4 m deep. Then another depression 12 m deep as we lateral to the east. No ROPOS fixes but we are getting cage fixes.
22 48 1542 185 423004 5084622 Bottom of depression filed with ruble. What else would you expect?
22 49 1543 184 423110 5084499 Depression is about 5 m wide here and 16-20 m dep. Drainout on west wall.
22 51 1543 180 422640 5084416 a former vent? R495-134
22 51 1543 187 422868 5084475 Depression still about 5 m wide and 14 m dep. Stopping ship to take a good look at the wall.
22 55 1544 182 423212 5084512 current venting here to R495-135
22 55 1544 182 423212 5084512 Venting on east wall. Small tube worm bushes.
22 56 1546 154 423163 5083996 dead worm pile R495-136
22 56 1546 163 423163 5083996 Highlight film on. Bag creatures sited in ropy sheet flow.
22 58 1542 82 423048 5084509 Highlight video off.
23 2 1528 57 423236 5083897 Not getting good navigation. Might head back to cage. We have

a cage fix now.

23 6 1494 175 423120 5084352 Heading back to the cage and the cage is in view. Just got a new cage fix. The above fix is good.
23 8 1494 171 423312 5083583 Cage fix with two tranponders. We are going to head south and apparently will have no navigation.
23 11 1515 94 423119 5084352 We will head west now and we are going to look at the fissure below. Is it tectonic or eruptive? We will look for newer sheet flows on top and if it has older lavas at depth.
23 14 1547 214 422849 5084565 Jumbled lavas near fissure, glassy with some hydrothermal

sediment.

23 16 1543 85 422966 5084677 Crossing the fissure, maybe. There is some question if the lavas are draping over. R495137
23 18 1543 84 423104 5084355 Tube worms near drop off.
23 21 1540 273 423119 5084352 Heading west to find big fissure. If we don't find it, we will do a traverse to the southwest. Small groups of tube worms.
23 22 1544 274 423071 5084280 Tube worms at the bottom of a 5 meter deep hole.
23 23 1544 267 423094 5084345 good fix with 3 transponders with north net.
23 24 1544 287 423270 5084979 Continuing to the west to find big fissure. Jumbled sheet flows.
23 25 1543 284 423119 5084351 Drain out 6 meters dep. Not sure if this is the fissure.
23 27 1541 271 423119 5084351 Back on lobate flows after we passed the drain out feature.
23 27 1543 270 423119 5084351 Staining and tube worms.
23 29 1539 277 423119 5084351 P code took a hit. Now moving to the traverse at 270, 60 meters range.
23 33 1542 270 423119 5084351 P code back, on bottom again and heading west.
23 34 1541 273 423114 5084443 Going west to the contact and then will angle to the southeast and cross it again.
23 35 1544 275 423108 5084360 Heading due west across giant ropy sheet flows with push up structures.
23 39 1547 280 423042 5084366 Lineated flow with brittle stars.
23 39 1547 268 423066 5084361 lineated and ropy flows in big flat area R495-138
23 41 1545 269 423042 5084366 North to northwest lineation on the sheet flows.
23 42 1544 271 423042 5084366 At the edge of drain out oriented 270.
23 44 1543 267 423001 5084369 Glass lobate flows very similar to those mapped as the 1998 flows.
23 46 1544 267 423001 5084369 Flows becoming more pillow like so we might be reaching the end of the flow.
23 47 1544 267 423001 5084369 Some infilling with iron oxyhydroxide between pillows.
23 49 1543 270 423001 5084369 Have moved 250 m west so far. Last sighting of the contact was 50 meters north.
23 50 1542 268 423578 5084718 loads of cracked pillows R495-140
23 51 1544 268 423578 5084718 another one R49-5141
23 51 1544 270 423578 5084718 Small drainback in rock. R495-142
23 51 1544 270 423445 5084429 Just crossed a hole several meters dep.
23 52 1544 265 423433 5084433 Crossing another collapse area with spires.
23 53 1544 271 423452 5084166 Drain out 10 meters across. Drain back features on pillar.
23 55 1544 272 423452 5084166 Drain out might have been caused by flow to the south.
23 56 1544 269 423411 5084057 Collapse area with alot of finely broken ruble.
23 57 1545 278 423310 5084343 R495-144
23 57 1545 275 423310 5084343 Entering large pillow lavas.
23 58 1545 278 423310 5084343 R495-145
23 58 1546 277 422783 5084585 Holothurian sited and in patches of old lava. At contact.
23 59 1546 282 422787 5084442 contact at west R495-146
0 0 1546 279 422787 5084442 Ophiris colonizing new lava.
0 0 1546 278 422680 5084320 Collapsed stuff R495-147
0 2 1547 278 422656 5084333 A rare couple of ROV fixes.
0 4 1544 273 422664 5084274 Sheet flow at the bottom of a drain out feature.
0 5 1546 278 422569 5084305 possible young jumbled sheets to west of what we thought was the contact R495-148
0 5 1546 278 422569 5084305 Large jumbled piles of lava, all of it young. Lineation perpendicular to our track.
0 7 1546 278 422568 5084329 Still in young looking sheets. Evidence of N->S flow.
0 11 1546 277 422517 5084341 Getting some ROV fixes, now over lobate flows. Very glassy could be 1998 lavas.
0 13 1547 275 422705 5084505 Little sediment, alot of brittle stars seen, an all lobate surface.
0 14 1548 279 422478 5084345 Transition to pillow lavas.
0 14 1548 280 422461 5084342 Contact, now into older lavas, continuing west.
0 18 1549 279 422426 5084354 Photo 172, there are no strobes. More sediment over the old lavas than the young ones seen earlier.
0 19 1549 278 422481 5084418 Heading 60 meters west and then will traverse at 125 for 20 meters.
0 22 1549 277 422405 5084356 Almost 10 meters west of contact in old lavas.
0 25 1549 275 422519 5083551 The ship is stopping. We are about to change heading to 125. 10 meters west of contact.
0 28 1547 137 422479 5083403 Stern fix was recorded, now heading at 125.
0 32 1550 120 422410 5084309 Ropos fix is good. We are probably 50 m from the contact. Holothurian.
0 33 1550 126 422788 5083237 Contact is actually right here and now in the youngest lavas, - pillow basalts.
0 35 1549 120 422458 5084296 Heading up hill, another contact to an even younger lava. x=2465 y=4294 ROV fix.
0 37 1548 127 422475 5083852 Altered pillows surrounded by newest (1998?) lobates.
0 39 1547 126 422509 5084273 ROV fix is good. Very shiny lobates and pillows.
0 41 1548 127 422434 5084304 Right over a drop of. R495-149
0 42 1549 128 422697 5083877 Jumbled sheet flow.
0 43 1548 119 422250 5084044 Down in a depression.
0 49 1549 104 422680 5084286 lineated sheet flow with sediment in cracks.
0 52 1551 123 422680 5084286 Might be in intermediate lavas again.
0 54 1549 113 422680 5084286 Crab seen
0 54 1549 115 422680 5084286 Drop ofd, drain back features.
0 55 1548 127 421699 5084246 Drainback features on wall of collapse pit.
0 59 1548 120 422796 5083988 lava pillar and roof in drainback feature. R495-150
1 6 1549 127 422862 5084036 Jumbled sheet flows.
1 7 1549 118 422877 5084023 Into lobates, collapsed lobates and glassy lobes.
1 8 1549 119 422914 5084010 Another collapse structure then into lobate flows.
1 10 1551 127 422653 5084171 Very jumbled flows thought to be of intermediate age.
1 14 1551 120 423107 5083994 More coherent sheet flows, past area of fissures. We didn't sew fissures but saw alot of broken up ruble.
1 16 1549 121 423035 5083964 Screens have gone black.
1 22 1549 121 423035 5083964 ROPOS is in the cage.
1 27 1377 322 423035 5083964 Brief picture before it went dark again.
1 31 1331 38 423035 5083964 Video back, looks like end of dive.
1 38 1367 206 423035 5083964 ROPOS out of cage and heading back down.
1 49 1554 145 423035 5083964 Bottom in view.
1 56 1556 136 423035 5083964 Kipuka of older sponge-covered lava amidst younger lava R495-151
1 56 1556 136 423035 5083964 Older lava with many sponges surrounded by newer lava, about 10 m down the track from where we left the bottom.
1 58 1557 133 423035 5083964 Screen went black again.
2 2 1557 133 423035 5083964 ROPOS back in cage.
2 9 1557 133 423035 5083964 Dive is now coming up. Aborted due to telemetry problems
3 5 1557 133 423035 5083964 ROPOS on deck, due to more telemetry? problems.
       Dive Summary: Deployed OsmoSampler Mkr-33. HFS sampling and suction sampling at Mkr-108. HFS sampling, gastight and nisken at Castle. FeOxide sample at Mkr-N5. HFS, gastight, suction samples and Vemco recovered at Mkr-113.
      Collected 7 HFS samples at Joystick. HFS sample at Coquille. Collected 7 HFS samples at Bag City also. Gathered rock and suction samples at Crevice. A background water sample was collected on the ROPOS ascent - 1300 m depth.
      The balance of the dive was given over to geologic mapping A couple of new diffuse vents were discovered. It is believed that we were actually observing lavas from three separate eruptions. The ages of



    Dive R496
      Dive Plan: Rumbleometer recovery. Tube worm grab and bacterial trap recovery from Mkr-133 with portable BioBox sitting at Mkr-113
      ROPOS Configuration: All the bells and whistles necessary to recover the rumbleometer.
      Note: Nav fixes not edited in the logs. All fixes were logged, regardless of accuracy. Use the dive plots to determine actual positions.
  UTC Hour Min Depth (m) Sub Hdng (deg) UTM X UTM Y Comments Frmgrbs, Photos, Samples
18 18      ROPOS in the water.
       Ballast is a little light. Coming back up to adjust it
18 38      ROPOS back on deck. Time is 1859 GMT (UTC)
19 17 8 28 423035 5083964 ROPOS in water loaded for bear at 19:15.
       19:21 electrical power to lab lost. ROPOS at 286m. Everything shut down. Back up and running at 19:44. No apparent damage.
20 49 1492 154 423650 5086742 Cage stopped at 1492 m depth. We have come to wreak havoc.
20 51 1516 163 423650 5086742 ROPOS on bottom. Moving ship over top of rumbleometer. Starting videos.
21 0 1518 174 423709 5086781 Rumbleometer in sight.
21 1 1519 118 423713 5086765 3712, 6769 good fix at rumbleometer.
21 1 1519 117 423713 5086765 first contact with rumble-o-meter R496-4
21 1 1519 112 423713 5086765 another one R496-5
21 2 1520 106 423713 5086766 rumble-o-meter with fish, hold the tartar R496-6
21 4 1519 173 423723 5086733 Anchor attached last year in sight.
21 5 1519 20 423716 5086754 good fix over anchor.
21 8 1519 83 423639 5087271 one for the photo album R496-7
21 13 1520 111 423708 5086742 R496-8
21 16 1521 158 423745 5087474 R496-9
21 16 1521 164 423695 5086761 R496-10
21 18 1521 173 423710 5086772 R496-11
21 18 1521 172 423710 5086772 Line connected to free leg.
21 18 1522 171 423705 5086768 R496-12
21 22 1521 200 423709 5086771 R49613
21 37 1522 191 423696 5086779 R496-14
21 40 1522 175 423708 5086772 R496-15
21 48 1521 179 423706 5086769 threaded the needle R496-16
21 54 1522 149 424490 5086986 why ask Y"?" R496-17
21 57 1522 148 423704 5086772 Give a man enough ROPOS . R496-18
21 56 1522 144 423701 5086775 During the past half hour have managed, with difficulty, to get the large yellow cable around the leg of the rumbleometer.
21 57 1522 150 423617 5086954 ….and he'll probably hang himself R496-19
22 0 1522 146 424285 5087797 the missing link R496-20
22 1 1522 150 423638 5087267 woo hoo ho! R496-21
22 1 1522 150 423638 5087267 Snap hook attached to end of yellow cable.
22 3 1522 147 423744 5087475 R496-22
22 6 1511 310 424494 5086982 Returning to cage unreeling gray line.
22 7 1502 220 423694 5086786 ROPOS is in its cage.
22 24 1451 231 424331 5087472 OK a little brinkmanship R496-23
22 23 1451 239 423724 5086754 Continue to raise cage in order to get gray line out to double red tape marks. Line accidentally in the cutter but got out OK.
22 34 1451 311 423717 5086767 hooked to the bottom of the cage R496-24
22 34 1451 314 423667 5086915 Cage end of line drooped attempting to snap hook to bridle.
22 48 1451 360 423722 5086766 OK this time for sure R496-25
22 49 1451 5 423722 5086767 Snap hook recovered with difficulty and attached to ring on bridle.
22 50 1452 6 424269 5087996 Keith S. asks to move the ship 20 meters at 10 degrees
22 55 1451 320 423728 5086765 waiting for the ship to move
22 58 1448 270 423668 5086704 reeling in cage at 4 meters/min
23 4 1435 336 424482 5088083 Hook came of off where it was hooked to the cage.
23 6 1435 348 423703 5087207 The hook with a safety clip was somehow twisted, causing the catch to open, and the hook fell off. Now, we have to go back to the seafloor, try to pick up the hook on the end of the line and re-attach it to the chain beneath the cage. Cage now descending.
23 10      Visible particle plume while cage descends, at 1470 m
23 14 1492 358 423734 5086750 Near the bottom, ROPOS ready to come out of cage, when we saw the spectra line floating up in the water. The line is buoyant, so one end is on the rumbleometer, and the other is on the hook on the seafloor, with a loop floating up in the water column.
23 18 1492 272 423492 5087295 A-l ROPOS telemetry has died. Network down.
23 21 1492 272 423386 5087692 asked the ship to move 40 meters west
23 43 1401 22 423703 5086779 Still attempting to get vehicle telemetry back up. Vehicle is in cage, and line is not attached.
23 46 1401 63 423708 5086797 Bill is working the cube. The telemetry is back up. Could there be a connection?
23 55 1478 127 423451 5087613 Saw the spectra line again.
23 56 1472 115 424308 5088104 Asking the ship to move 20 meters West. Stern of ship is currently about 10 meters W of rumbleometer.
23 58 1473 284 421212 5086968 Situation: Hook was dropped 30 meters brng 010 from the rumbleometer, with line floating in between. Plan :Come down W of instrument, drive up to it, grab line loosely in the claw and drive up, letting the line slip until the hook is within reach.
0 5 1517 121 423710 5086686 We are back on the seafloor, looking for the rumbleometer. R496-26
0 6 1519 119 423694 5086769 Nav puts us 24 meters W of Rumble
0 9 1522 211 423712 5086775 Back at rumble coming at it from the North. R496-27
0 12 1520 180 423715 5086754 Grabbing the line attached to the rumbleometer R496-28
0 14 1506 127 423862 5086426 line is slipping through the claw as we pull it up
0 14 1496 126 423700 5086759 line slipping through the claw R496-29
0 22 1463 127 423696 5086776 Recovering dropped line and hook. Tense moment. Halibut for diner. Jell-O for desert.
0 24 1453 122 423694 5086777 Ten meter mark just slipped through claw.
0 25 1449 124 423696 5086777 Another marker in claw, 3 meters from the last one.
0 28 1438 124 424251 5087395 Nearing end of line.
0 30 1428 124 424048 5087934 R496-30
0 30 1428 125 424048 5087934 At the end of the line. Preparing to grab the hook end.
0 32 1430 115 423701 5086763 What is it? R496-31
0 34 1429 126 423705 5086764 It was an unusual jellyfish that we were looking at from one end and couldn't identify it at first. It was black in color.
0 37 1428 134 423708 5086764 He's grabbed the hook end.
0 39 1427 127 423709 5086762 The hook is in both hands, just handed of to the (left?) hand.
0 39 1427 131 423709 5086761 Hand of off hook from 7-function to 5 function.
0 44 1431 99 423769 5086919 Ropos back in the cage.
0 45 1431 135 423608 5086909 Drooped the hook. Puled out of the arm by a big surge.
0 48 1430 33 423642 5087482 Moving the ship 64 meters. Will try to retrieve the hook.
1 1 1434 319 423726 5086750 At location of hook drop.
1 7 1490 300 423697 5087462 ROPOS is out of the cage for hook recovery, take 3.
1 9 1519 354 423731 5086758 We have a good fix on ROPOS.
1 11 1521 248 423732 5086746 Rumble-o-meter back in sight.
1 12 1519 298 424492 5088003 Line in the claw one more time.
1 15 1492 306 423645 5087284 Pulling line through claw as before.
1 16 1479 293 423722 5086762 Recovering line and hook for second time. R496-32
1 21 1438 300 424479 5086938 Nearing end of line again.
1 22 1428 304 423744 5086709 At the end of the line. Preparing to grab the hook.
1 25 1434 299 423685 5086923 Both claws on the hook once again.
1 26 1432 304 423716 5086752 Hand of off hook.
1 33 1440 326 423725 5086762 Ropos back in cage.
1 58 1406 244 423747 5086756 Hook re-attached to cage, pulled with the winch, tension went up, then slack, then lifting bridle released from cage. Now we are going down to look at the rumbleometer.
2 0 1406 242 424139 5086273 Moving the stern of the ship to about 25 m west of the rumbleometer.
2 20 1406 168 423679 5086757 P-code of, so ship position not stable enough to go out of cage. Waiting to se if P-code comes back on.
2 45 1406 282 423688 5086754 P-code is back, so we can venture out of the cage.
3 6 1522 125 423627 5087288 Rumble base. Where is the rest? Stay tuned. R496-33
3 4 1517 129 423687 5086768 On the bottom. Collapse area, pillars. Found the weight, lost the handle. The Rumbleometer is FREE! The weight doesn't show much effect of the flow on it. Mostly it is sitting on top of the flow. Back edge appears to be overlain by the flow.
3 9 1516 140 423622 5087270 Rubble on top of weight may have been from breaking it away from the lava. Found the line that now holds the Rumbleometer.
3 12 1481 113 424468 5086951 Going up the rumbleometer line. it is hanging in the water sideways.
3 14 1466 210 424216 5088122 Yes! Rumbleometer floating in water column from anchor. R496-34
3 17 1470 138 423714 5086741 Survey of it to see what lines are where. Too late to cut it, because of darkness approaching. Will try to release it tomorrow AM.
4 25 1518 96 423780 5087057 On the bottom, in lobate flows that look fairly young. Close to Mkr-33.
4 27 1519 71 423802 5087066 Collapse area in lobates. Flat sheets now with staining on fractures.
4 29 1520 117 425114 5087076 At Mkr-33. Going to pick up BioBox.
4 39 1525 272 423854 5087040 picking up BioBox that is located near the elevator debris.
4 45 1525 274 424398 5087491 Picked up box, tried Wallace maneuver now heading to mkr-113. Will be doing an Imagenex line during transit.
4 48 1525 274 423865 5087082 Testing Imagenex to see if it will work with BioBox in the arm. Resting BioBox on frame.
4 59 1504 255 424373 5087504 Moving ship to north end of Imagenex line W1 from Mkr-33 site. We will do this line south, then go over to Mkr-113 to collect a bio sample, and then will resume the Imagenex survey.
5 20 1496 348 423710 5087682 We're actually going to be starting Imagenex line W2 from the north instead of W1. We'll do W1 later.
6 23 1499 182 423554 5086727 At 05:37 we started at the north end of Imagenex line W2, southbound.
7 15 1499 217 423555 5085892 End Imagenex line W2 (south end). Ship will now go over to Mkr-113 to collect a bio sample into the portable bio box.
7 42 1521 21 423326 5085385 ROPOS on the bottom near Mkr-113 (not there yet)
7 46 1522 86 423356 5085936 We've spotted the Mkr-113.
7 47 1524 154 422686 5084942 ROPOS on the bottom at Mkr-113.
7 49 1524 154 423380 5085929 Placing the portable BioBox near Mkr-113 in order to put samples in it.
7 50 1524 156 423362 5085932 One of the corks in the BioBox is rolling around in the bottom of the BioBox, we think.
7 52 1524 153 423371 5085939 we can see a group of new tube worms right in front of us, as well as Craig's bacterial traps.
7 53 1524 146 423369 5085937 We're trying to open the portable BioBox now
7 54 1524 145 423411 5086201 We have opened the BioBox.
7 54 1524 148 422799 5085391 The cork from the center of the BioBox is indeed floating about the BioBox.
7 56 1522 152 423377 5085937 We can se some of the blue protozoan mat, as well as a ton of limpets and maybe some snails and other gastropods.
7 56 1522 217 423378 5085941 Mkr-113 R496-35
7 56 1522 204 423378 5085941 Mkr-113. Highlights on. Photo-1 - 2
7 58 1524 210 423388 5086328 We are now sitting right near the marker, to pick up trap # 20 and 21.
7 58 1524 212 423808 5085957 Highlights off.
7 58 1524 210 423388 5086328 Bacteria traps at Mkr-113.deployed in 98 R496-37
7 59 1524 213 423384 5085946 Picking up traps. They are covered in polynoids, limpets, and other worms. Bactrp-20_496-1

Bactrp-21_496-2

8 0 1524 211 423292 5085628 Grabbing traps at Mkr-113- they're anaerobic! R496-38
8 3 1524 157 423380 5085940 Placing the traps in the portable BioBox.
8 3 1524 156 422896 5085766 The limpets seem to be settled only around the black area on the bacterial traps.
8 4 1524 158 425309 5085954 The traps are in the box.
8 5 1524 157 423666 5085590 Heading back over to the exact same area to take a good tube worm grab.
8 6 1523 195 423370 5085933 Location where bacteria traps used to be R496-40
8 6 1524 214 423372 5085933 Mkr-113 tube worms R496-41
8 7 1524 203 423377 5085934 Getting ready to grab tube worms at Mkr-113 R496-42
8 7 1524 204 422654 5085400 Preparing to take the tube worm grab.
8 8 1524 202 423373 5085930 3373 5930 good Fix.
8 8 1524 203 423373 5085930 We've taken a grab Bio_496-3
8 8 1524 201 423373 5085930 Tube worm grab at Mkr-113 R496-43
8 11 1524 130 423371 5085934 We have placed the tube worms in the BioBox.
8 10 1524 132 423371 5085932 Placing tube worms in portable BioBox on top of bacteria traps at Mkr-113 R496-44
8 11 1524 121 423371 5085934 We are going back for more worms, but they belong to the same sample number, R496-3.
8 12 1521 340 423372 5085934 We are approaching from the other direction this time for the tube worm grab.
8 13 1524 333 423371 5085930 Grabbing again at Mkr-113.
8 15 1524 8 422477 5085322 Placing this second tube worm grab in the portable BioBox.
8 16 1524 5 423462 5085601 Going back for a third grab. but if there aren't enough, we'll move a bit to get more.
8 17 1524 282 423376 5085934 Jean thinks she sees a sea spider (a pycnogonid).
8 17 1524 282 423376 5085934 Third tube worm grab at Mkr-113 with a sea spider nearby R496-45
8 18 1524 279 423379 5085930 We just got the third grab, about a foot or two along the crack, facing 280.
8 19 1524 318 423371 5085932 placing third grab in BioBox and Jean says she is very content!
8 20 1524 318 423371 5085932 We're closing the portable BioBox.
8 21 1524 356 423371 5085933 We took a total of three tube worm grabs from Mkr-113 - we are now latching closed the portable BioBox.
8 25 1524 352 423378 5085931 The portable BioBox is closed. I think that's a record.
8 26 1524 57 423372 5085933 The box is indeed closed - with a twist.
8 27 1524 60 423371 5085931 Time for Imagenex. Bill is now in charge.
8 28 1524 57 423369 5085931 We're stowing the BioBox away before we begin Imagenex.
8 42 1501 189 423373 5085922 ROPOS driving south on extension of W5 (south of Mkr-113)
8 43 1501 183 423372 5085888 Now moving ship west 120 m to southern end of Imagenex line W3.
9 3 1499 5 423488 5085926 0900 - Start line W3 from southern end going north.
10 38 1496 85 423490 5087405 End of southern part of Imagenex line W3. Ship moving 120 m east to line W1.
10 53 1496 180 423613 5087127 Start of Imagenex line W1 (southern part), driving south.
12 52 1498 272 423604 5085904 End of Imagenex line W1 (south end). Ship moving 180 m west to south end of line W4.
13 5 1498 3 423430 5085900 Begin Imagenex line W4 (south end) heading north.
14 33 1501 218 423432 5087130 End of Imagenex line W4 (south end). Ship now moving over to Rumbleometer site to release it from its anchor.
14 52 1452 147 423468 5087042 The Cage R496-47
15 36 1458 99 422762 5087918 Ship stopped. Heading down towards the rumbleometer. Have to do some BioBox management before we cut the cord and release the rumbleometer. Start taping.
15 39 1471 131 424122 5086416 Arrived at the rumblometer. Highlights on.
15 40 1464 135 423708 5086739 Rumbleometer hanging in the deep blue sea. R496-48
15 41 1463 149 423700 5086743 rumbleometer photo 3
15 41 1461 155 423700 5086743 rumblometer photo 4
15 41 1463 156 423706 5086738 another rumbleometer photo 5
15 42 1462 175 423703 5086757 Rumbleometer again. Photo 6
15 43 1465 129 423699 5086757 Trying to figure out which is the main cord connecting the rumbleometer to the seaflor. Decided it is the vertical cord - will cut it about 15-20 meters up from the bottom in the water column. Photo 7
15 48 1519 108 423726 5086620 Bottom is in site - see the anchor.
15 52 1522 112 423695 5086753 Biobox management - transferring the BioBox from the 7-function to the 5-function arm. Back to the 7 and Grabbing the BioBox on the handle with the 5.
16 2 1514 69 423709 5086752 Moving up the rope, positioning to cut it.
16 4 1512 302 425289 5086874 Attempting to cut the rope. Ned to go back to the cage for tether management first.
16 13 1510 62 423710 5086764 Cut the rope! The rumbleometer is released.
16 13 1509 104 423518 5087228 Cutting the cord. The rumbleometer is on its way to the surface R496-50
16 15 1489 282 423683 5086734 Going back to the cage.
16 17 1492 233 423683 5086734 In the cage. Coming up.
17 8 1 156 424216 5087322 ROPOS on deck at 17:05
       Dive Summary: THE RUMBLEOMETER WAS FREED FROM THE 1998 LAVA FLOW!! Also recovered bactraps and tube worms from Mkr-113 and placed them in BioBox.



    Dive R497
      Dive Plan: This dive is at the extensometer site on the north rift zone of Axial. The elevator was deployed with extensometer#4 in one tube and 3 empty tubes. ROPOS will first take #4 out of the elevator and deploy it, then will recover the other four
      extensometers that were deployed in '98 and place them in the elevator, where they will be recovered at some point during, or after, the dive. Two Imagenex lines will be run after the extensometer work, then on to CASM
      At CASM site for sampling and observations: tube worm grab; suction samples of mats, animals, FeO (if any present) and vent fluid. Collect GTBs; recover Vemco and HOBO - all at CASM. Deploy MTR and sample sulfides at CASM as well.
      Note: Nav fixes not edited in the logs. All fixes were logged, regardless of accuracy. Use the dive plots to determine actual positions. Only positions on NRZ are acoustic nav. All transit and CASM positions are ship at stern.
  UTC Hour Min Depth (m) Sub Hdng (deg) UTM X UTM Y Comments Frmgrbs, Photos, Samples
17 32 1 158 424216 5087322 Elevator with 4 extensometers aboard into the water at 10:04. Didn't sink. Have to recover to add more weight.
17 32 1 158 424216 5087322 10:50. Elevator back on deck. Weights had fallen of.
17 32 1 158 424216 5087322 11:55. Elevator back into the briney. There is one extensometer onboard. Idea is to take that one down and deploy, recover others to surface for refurbishing and redeployment.
0 38 0 0 422909 5096312 Dive commenced at 0100
1 57 1570 184 420888 5096765 Screen picture was not updating. We'll retry on the logger data station.
1 58 1569 204 420888 5096765 Ropos out of cage, picture taken on frame grab.
1 59 1568 136 420888 5096765 R497-7
1 59 1566 69 420888 5096765 R497-8
2 0 1568 41 420888 5096765 hosers in action R497-9
2 5 1590 22 420886 5096774 Line freed from near Niskin pull ring.
2 6 1594 258 421704 5099332 Bottom in sight. Video started.
2 7 1598 261 421704 5099332 Rat-tail fish, and quite alot of sediment kicked up when we reached the bottom.
2 9 1598 256 420865 5096821 Elevator is 52 meters away, bearing 121. The fix is good.
2 10 1598 254 420867 5096818 Marker was replaced on top of the BioBox.
2 13 1598 252 420874 5096818 Marker 35 is floating from the BioBox. One end is inside the BioBox. Now we are trying to grab the marker.
2 17 1598 296 420858 5096844 50 m bearing 122 to elevator.
2 18 1597 118 420858 5096844 We are now moving with Mkr-35 in the claw. Lobate flows. Now 40 m bearing 137 to elevator. good fix.
2 20 1596 140 420908 5096807 15 m bearing 070 to elevator.
2 21 1593 165 420919 5096794 At elevator.
2 22 1597 168 420923 5096784 Dropped marker. Will pick it up later for the transit to CASM.
2 26 1597 167 420926 5096780 claw released Mkr-35.
2 30 1597 158 420897 5096792 Trying to sample a rock at this site. Several previous attempts have failed.
2 32 1595 147 420852 5096774 Failed rock sampling, now rising up to take extensometer out of tube and deploy it.
2 34 1591 179 420891 5096808 photo #10 taken of line grab.
2 35 1590 156 420900 5096813 Photo#1 of extensometer being removed from the tube on the elevator.
2 38 1597 11 420873 5096817 Getting ready to grab the extensometer by it's base, extensometer on bottom.
2 40 1598 130 420880 5096828 We have the extensometer by the base and are moving it. We passed a rat-tailed fish on the way.
2 42 1593 279 418878 5095751 Heading to 9E5 target with extensometer in hand.
2 43 1592 294 420914 5096763 Three transponder cage fix, range 342 m bearing 283 degrees. No P-code. Target is 99E5.
2 50 1597 282 420903 5096793 Crossing lobate flows, rat-tailed fish in the distance, heading for 99E5.
2 52 1597 288 419971 5096996 Eel-like fish. R497-10
2 51 1596 286 420903 5096793 Fish is under a ledge and the ledge just collapsed on it. We are trying to get it out to identify it while we are waiting on the ship.
2 54 1596 294 420046 5097164 Going over a jumbled ridge with sponges, might be older than lobates seen earlier.
2 55 1596 292 420046 5097164 Partially collapsed lobates, probably of the same age as the ridge seen earlier.
2 56 1594 288 420870 5096793 good ROPOS fix.
3 0 1595 289 420867 5096786 Lobate flows in this area.
3 3 1595 282 420846 5096814 heading to west edge of target 99-5 to deploy. In moderate sediment - lobates. some collapse in larger lobes.
3 10 1594 285 420809 5096818 continuing in lobates toward target.
3 15 1595 276 420724 5096841 Fairly low relief area of discrete lobates and tubes. Moderately sediment.
3 25 1594 268 420605 5096853 Looking around in the lobates with light sed cover to deploy on a flat spot. An anemone on the wall of a collapse pit.
3 27 1600 261 420611 5096856 Landing on lobates, light sed cover, few sponges .Target E-5.
3 29 1600 235 420588 5096865 good location, deploying 99-E5. Photo 12-14
3 30 1599 187 420589 5096867 Extensometer deployment R497-11
3 31 1596 214 420620 5096874 Top end R497-12
3 31 1598 184 420620 5096874 Deployed extensometer at x=420590 y=5096865 Photo-15
3 32 1593 129 420575 5096909 moving to E-4.
3 35 1593 122 420676 5096870 Small collapse channels in lobates.
3 39 1593 129 420688 5096824 Moved into more jumbled flows that are lightly sediment. Unusual white animal.
3 40 1597 170 420695 5096817
 3 40 1597 184 420686 5096812 Sponge? R497-14
3 41 1597 164 420682 5096833 Close up of sponge R497-16
3 41 1597 168 420682 5096833 Strange white creature on lavas. R497-15
3 41 1597 170 420688 5096817 Just heard that the elevator is back on the surface!
4 16 1498 196 420728 5096810 cage starboard side R497-21
4 17 1498 202 420718 5096836 cage starboard side - 2 R497-22
4 22 1498 209 419941 5097056 cage front R497-23
4 59 1399 193 420704 5096782 Well, the elevator didn't work out as planed. At least it didn't sprout wings and fly. We are now moving south to CASM vent field for a while, maybe some high temperature fluids!
5 21 1379 190 420667 5096298 R497-34
5 21 1378 191 420673 5096270 cage close, top half (previous frame is bottom half) to be stitched together in post processing. for ropos guys. R497-35
6 24 1374 195 420638 5095228 About 60 meters from CASM. Yippee!
       NO ACOUSTIC NAV. GPS SHIP POSITION AT STERN (CASM)
7 20 1546 300 420638 5095228 About 35 m of the bottom, leaving the cage at 1545. We're facing west as we go down.
7 21 1574 269 420638 5095228 Bottom in sight.
7 23 1573 240 420638 5095228 Turning to look east to se if we can see the fissure.
7 24 1573 95 420638 5095228 We're going to pick up and drive 20 m to the west now.
7 26 1575 277 420638 5095228 Flat lobates with skylights, many sponges but not much sediment.
7 27 1575 270 420638 5095228 Lobates have some yellow staining in hollows. Surfaces are very glassy, Lavas look younger right here, hot many sponges compared to other. Very distinct contacts with little kapukas of older lava.
7 29 1572 267 420638 5095228 Contact lava R497-36
7 29 1574 272 420638 5095228 Mixed young and old lavas. photo-17
7 33 1573 273 420638 5095228 White bacterial mat and tube worms.
7 33 1572 269 420638 5095228 Scattered tube worms
7 33 1573 267 420638 5095228 A little venting near some tube worms. CASM R497-37
7 33 1573 271 420638 5095228 Scattered tube worms. Photo-18
7 33 1571 271 420638 5095228 More extensive fissure near the wall. tube worm patch R497-38
7 34 1572 272 420638 5095228 Tube worm patch- looks young and springy in the middle, old on the outside. Photo-19
7 34 1573 291 420638 5095228 The tube worms and palm worms are covered in limpets.
7 34 1573 279 420638 5095228 Closer view of the tube worm bush. palm worms etc . water sample R497-39
7 36 1574 290 420638 5095228 Preparing to suction diffuse flow into jar J3. Ss-J3_dfl_ R497-1
7 40 1574 284 420638 5095228 Positioning the suction tube and preparing to sample this fluid.
7 42 1574 285 420638 5095228 Ship heading is 25 and we've driven 50 m since the point we set down.
7 42 1574 284 420638 5095228 The stern of the ship might be right over where this vent is.
7 45 1574 288 420638 5095228 We're going to let it pump for 3 or 4 minutes, temperature is jumping between 1 and 16 C.
7 47 1574 284 420638 5095228 Taking water sample over palm worms. near fissure R497-40
7 48 1574 287 420638 5095228 We stopped pumping.
7 48 1574 284 420638 5095228 We are done with this sample- we are rotating the jar out of position.
7 48 1574 286 420638 5095228 Photo of nameless vent we just took a fluid sample from. Photo-20
7 51 1574 284 420638 5095228 we're picking up and continuing west to the fissure.
7 52 1573 269 420638 5095228 More scattered tube worms, approaching the edge of the fissure. Se some bacterial mat and dead tube worms, limpets.
7 53 1572 264 420638 5095228 More venting near fissure R497-41
7 53 1571 272 420638 5095228 Moving the ship 30 m to the west.
7 54 1571 270 420638 5095228 Looks the fissure runs 020.
7 55 1572 281 420638 5095228 SiTting on the edge of the fissure waiting for the ship to move. Traces of venting, worms, etc.
7 56 1572 280 420638 5095228 The ship has caught up with us so we're going across to the other side then drive north.
7 58 1573 2 420638 5095228 Proceeding north, we're at the bottom of the fissure.
8 1 1572 68 420638 5095228 Up on the western edge of the fissure.
8 3 1572 42 420638 5095228 Moving the ship 30 m to the west.
8 6 1571 6 420638 5095228 Keeping our head at 020.
8 9 1572 19 420638 5095228 The sonar isn't being very helpful, so I think we're a little lost.
8 9 1572 9 420638 5095228 We're going to run north for 20 m, then go west to locate the fissure again. We just went in a nice little circle.
8 10 1573 10 420638 5095228 Intense diffuse venting- lots of worms and limpets. Photo-21
8 10 1573 14 420638 5095228 Moving west again.
8 12 1572 18 420638 5095228 We're going north again.
8 13 1570 17 420638 5095228 We see the chimneys! These are the lamphere chimneys, we think. We're of on the west side of the fissure still.
8 14 1571 88 420638 5095228 Lamphere chimney R497-43
8 14 1570 94 420638 5095228 We see the chain that Verena put on a chimney in 1983. We can see lava lapping up on the bottom of this chimney.
8 15 1573 75 420638 5095228 Base of Lamphere chimney R497-44
8 15 1573 69 420638 5095228 Photo of this sulfide structure with the chain on it. There's a little chimney, some venting, on this structure. Photo-2
8 16 1572 265 420638 5095228 To the west we go.
8 16 1571 273 420638 5095228 We're at the fissure again- looking for T&S.
8 18 1572 27 420638 5095228 A little bit of sulfide on the wall - we're right on the rim.
8 19 1573 21 420638 5095228 We're lost.
8 19 1574 22 420638 5095228 Moving the ship 30 m to the north.
8 21 1581 21 420638 5095228 We're at the bottom of the fissure, sort of.
8 22 1579 11 420638 5095228 Metaliferous sediment, clams, crabs.
8 26 1570 46 420638 5095228 What's the funny white-shaped donut looking thing?
8 27 1568 23 420638 5095228 Going a little bit further north, Steve thinks we're cutting through the caldera wall. So we're turning around and going back.
8 29 1577 194 420638 5095228 Metaliferous sediment again.
8 30 1574 156 420638 5095228 Old sulfide - bizarre old sulfide.
8 31 1573 128 420638 5095228 Some brecias on this old sulfide. Photo-23
8 31 1573 125 420638 5095228 red stuff on edge of wall R497-46
8 33 1579 193 420638 5095228 Climbing back up the wall to check the tether.
8 34 1578 203 420638 5095228 Returning to the cage for tether management. The tether is caught on something.
8 36 1543 150 420638 5095228 Keith had to go southwest to get back to his cage. The tether is ok.
8 37 1546 141 420638 5095228 Going back down.
8 39 1571 132 420638 5095228 We're going to go southeast now from the cage.
8 40 1572 131 420638 5095228 Course 130 to attempt to find the fissure again.
8 43 1574 125 420638 5095228 Lava contact Photo-24
8 43 1574 126 420638 5095228 Contact new lava R497-47
8 44 1575 133 420638 5095228 new lava down in the fissure?
8 46 1576 77 420638 5095228 Lateralling to the north to get some more tether out.
8 47 1573 82 420638 5095228 There are a few signs of hydrothermal venting here.
8 47 1571 81 420638 5095228 Moving the ship 40 m to the east.
8 48 1574 92 420638 5095228 Looks like there might be some hydrothermal venting? Maybe it's just staining. Quite glassy.
8 56 1576 87 420638 5095228 Accidental photo Photo-25
8 58 1552 234 420638 5095228 We're going to move the ship back to where we first were when we saw the lamphere chimneys.
9 0 1543 263 420638 5095228 We're moving the ship south 30 m.
9 6 1548 270 420638 5095228 Going back down to the bottom again to look for this sight.
9 7 1575 270 420638 5095228 It looks like we're in the right terrain this time.
9 9 1572 276 420638 5095228 Moving ship 30 m to the west - we think we've got it. Lots of dead worms, maybe some are alive.
9 9 1572 277 420638 5095228 We're at the fissure waiting for the ship.
9 11 1573 273 420638 5095228 We see some live tube worms, some dead.
9 12 1572 275 420638 5095228 Going into the fissure and we're going to run north 020.
9 14 1580 3 420638 5095228 We're down in the deepest part of the fissure. Tube worms, metaliferous sediments. Need to move the ship another 10 m to the west.
9 16 1582 13 420638 5095228 A plump holothurian crawling about the tube worms
9 18 1581 14 420638 5095228 The ship is in the correct position, we are proceeding north.
9 19 1583 13 420638 5095228 We see some clams.
9 20 1586 12 420638 5095228 The wall is starting to pinch in.
9 22 1582 24 420638 5095228 We have the east wall in site.
9 22 1579 17 420638 5095228 Looks like we're back in the caldera, looking at the brecias again. There is speculation that we're back where we were before, which is too far north.
9 25 1581 196 420638 5095228 Going back to the cage - saw the clams again.
9 26 1583 188 420638 5095228 Actually we're going back to the position of the cage.
9 27 1580 211 420638 5095228 Octopus, fish. a lot of predators R49748
9 27 1580 208 420638 5095228 Looking at some octopus, fish, sulfide, hydrothermal, etc. Photo-26
9 27 1581 223 420638 5095228 Closer view of octopus and rattail R497-50
9 28 1581 220 420638 5095228 Octopus! R497-52
9 28 1581 221 420638 5095228 We're looking at a chimney!
9 28 1579 216 420638 5095228 Sulfide chimney R497-53
9 28 1579 216 420638 5095228 Sulfide chimney R497-53
9 28 1579 228 420638 5095228 Photo of baby crab on top of a chimney Photo-27
9 29 1581 231 420638 5095228 Little black things on the chimney - snails or something.
9 30 1581 230 420638 5095228 Photo of sulfide chimney. Photo-28
9 30 1581 230 420638 5095228 Bottom of sulfide chimney R497-54
9 31 1581 230 420638 5095228 We're going to try to grab this little spire now. Can see nice shimmery water. He got a little piece of it into the port side of the BioBox. Sf_R497-2
9 35 1581 230 420638 5095228 Unsuccessful attempt to grab some more of the sulfide.
9 36 1581 231 420638 5095228 Looking at a sweet looking crab.
9 36 1581 230 420638 5095228 Crab on top of sulfide chimney R497-55
9 36 1581 231 420638 5095228 Crab on the chimney R497-56
9 37 1581 232 420638 5095228 Grabbing the top of the chimney with a crab on top of it.
9 38 1581 236 420638 5095228 The crab is attacking ROPOS!
9 38 1581 236 420638 5095228 Crab getting friendly with ROPOS R497-57
9 39 1581 233 420638 5095228 The crab is attacking the Imagenex now.
9 39 1581 236 420638 5095228 We see some black smoke now that we've broken of the top of this chimney.
9 40 1581 237 420638 5095228 Actually not true black smoke - but there is clear fluid coming out.
9 41 1581 235 420638 5095228 Put the crab and sulfide in the port BioBox Sf&Bio_R497-3
9 43 1581 235 420638 5095228 Going to look around a bit more.
9 44 1580 282 420638 5095228 Huge field of tube worms. Beautiful.
9 45 1580 333 420638 5095228 Huge lush tube worm field.
9 45 1580 333 420638 5095228 Tons of tube worms R497-58
9 46 1580 15 420638 5095228 This is T&S.
9 46 1581 22 420638 5095228 We've found the HOBO at T&S.
9 47 1581 60 420638 5095228 Moving the ship 20 m to the south.
9 50 1583 359 420638 5095228 Looking for the MTR.
9 50 1584 357 420638 5095228 We found the MTR.
9 51 1583 353 420638 5095228 Sampling site near MTR R497-59
9 55 1584 352 420638 5095228 Using Jar J4 for this water sample. SS-j4_dfl _R497-4
10 1 1584 313 420638 5095228 Preparing to do this suction sample- probing for temperature.
10 3 1584 317 420638 5095228 Temperature isn't so high, going to try a little bit away.
10 8 1584 286 420638 5095228 Sampling right near this MTR. Starting the pump. Approximately 25 C or so, jumping around. Sample R497-4.
10 10 1584 284 420638 5095228 Water sample at T&S near MTR R49760
10 12 1584 285 420638 5095228 Still pumping.
10 15 1584 283 420638 5095228 Sample is complete.
10 16 1584 284 420638 5095228 Going to do the port side gastight bottle. Gtb_R497-5
10 23 1584 286 420638 5095228 We fired it.
10 24 1584 285 420638 5095228 Trying to pick up some sulfide for Steve- it's breaking a lot.
10 24 1584 287 420638 5095228 Sulfide sample from T&S - placed it in the port side BioBox. Also taking the other MTR out of the BioBox. Sf_R497-6
10 27 1584 285 420638 5095228 Placing this MTR near some flow, but not to hot.
10 28 1584 284 420638 5095228 Deploying the MTR#3017m at T&S
10 32 1584 287 420638 5095228 Picking up the old VEMCO and putting it in the starboard side of the BioBox. VEMCO_R497-7
10 34 1584 283 420638 5095228 That was VEMCO 98-13-214
10 34 1584 284 420638 5095228 Now we're doing a tube worm grab right near where the VEMCO was.
10 35 1584 284 420638 5095228 Actually, I take it back, we're going to suction particles over the tube worms here first. SS-j1_bio _R497-8
10 39 1584 288 420638 5095228 Probing the temperature over these tube worms before we suction sample.
10 39 1584 288 420638 5095228 suction of particles over tube worms R497-61
10 39 1584 287 420638 5095228 This is log file number 4 for this suction sample of particles over the tube worms at T&S.
10 42 1584 289 420638 5095228 We are suctioning.
10 43 1584 286 420638 5095228 The max temp was around 10 C. Still suctioning.
10 49 1584 287 420638 5095228 Collecting tube worm clump, putting it in stbrd bio-box. Bio_497-9
10 54 1584 287 420638 5095228 collecting second clump, still the same sample number, also put into the stbd bio-box.
10 56 1584 287 420638 5095228 continuing to sample SS_497-8, more particles. pump on 1/2 speed at 10:58
10 59 1584 288 420638 5095228 rustling gently at the worm grab site to continue the particle sampling with the suction sampler.
11 6 1584 286 420638 5095228 Stopping the suction sample and temp log #4 (J1 was the ss)
11 10 1584 283 420638 5095228 probe-casm R497-62
11 8 1584 283 420638 5095228 Repositioning the MTR into the same spot that the worm grab was taken. Bottom of MTR is being moved into the flow.
11 13 1584 283 420638 5095228 Positioning ss probe to get temp over MTR, max temp 17.9 C.
11 16 1584 286 420638 5095228 positioning to ss bottle 1, getting ready to sample mat for Moyer
11 20 1584 276 420638 5095228 begin pumping sample of mat, Tmax so far = 5.4 deg C. SS-1_mat _R497-10
11 24 1584 275 420638 5095228 Continuing to ss mat material.
11 28 1584 275 420638 5095228 continuing mat sampling, temp is 5 C.
11 31 1584 274 420638 5095228 suction sample white fur R497-63
11 32 1584 278 420638 5095228 max T is up to 6.1 deg during sampling of mat
11 32 1584 275 420638 5095228 pump of sample is finished for mat. move to flushing jar. flush ss.
11 35 1584 275 420638 5095228 tapes changed about 1128
11 36 1584 279 420638 5095228 moving to the HOBO sampler to check out the flow.
11 39 1581 38 420638 5095228 worms and vent water R497-65
11 40 1580 60 420638 5095228 tube worms and vent R497-66
11 40 1580 112 420638 5095228 clasp of vent R497-67
11 41 1579 121 420638 5095228 smashed the top of the chimney with the s probe, temp spike to 28 deg C.
11 42 1581 122 420638 5095228 positioning 7 function arm for a gas tight sample near the top of the chimney strbd gas tight
11 43 1581 120 420638 5095228 stbd gas tight. Gtb_dfl_R497-11
11 45 1579 65 420638 5095228 moving away from the chimney to find a sulfide sample, found FeO pagodas
11 46 1580 339 420638 5095228 sulfide sample area R497-68
11 46 1581 313 420638 5095228 Attempting to collect small turret of FeO from near where the first was collected. lots of debris stirred up. sample fell. trying another piece, no good. third try. sample fell away. giving up on this area. One more try before we leave.
12 1 1582 280 420638 5095228 Steve's highlight tape was changed.
12 4 1582 282 420638 5095228 Attempting to grab an FeO sample at the base of the T&S spire. The sample has lots of tube worms on it. Into port bio-box. Sf_R497-12
12 7 1582 292 420638 5095228 sulfide sample and tube worms R497-69
12 8 1582 290 420638 5095228 More FeO added, same sample number, more tube worms. Second grab last piece.
12 9 1582 299 420638 5095228 Stop Steve's video.
12 10 1580 284 420638 5095228 tube worms! R497-70
12 11 1581 255 420638 5095228 tube worms R497-71
12 11 1581 253 420638 5095228 tube worms. photo 30
12 18 1582 247 420638 5095228 fluid sample in tube worms R497-72
12 13 1581 248 420638 5095228 fluid sample over the wormsTmax= 29.9 C. bottle#2 w/green mesh. starting sample 1215, temp taken a dive. fluctuating temps. Stop the pump, checking nozzle, pumping restarted Tmax=38.5 C, Texit=27.3 C steady. Logging temp log #6 for fluid. Texit=27.1C SS-j2_dfl _R497-13
12 20 1582 248 420638 5095228 still sampling
12 23 1582 249 420638 5095228 still steady at 28 C stop sampling pump and stop temp log # 6. Highlights on.
12 25 1582 247 420638 5095228 video survey of lush tube worm area where the was sample was taken.
12 26 1582 245 420638 5095228 tube worms R497-74
12 27 1582 245 420638 5095228 tube worms R497-75
12 28 1582 246 420638 5095228 stopping highlights. positioning for ss J2. begin sampling 1231, 10 micron mesh for larvae intake temp 7.5 C SS-j2_bio _R497-14
12 33 1582 243 420638 5095228 Vareena's highlights are running.
12 40 1582 245 420638 5095228 start Kim's highlights tape
12 45 1582 243 420638 5095228 tube and palm worms R497-76
12 46 1582 243 420638 5095228 stopping the fluid sample. rotating to jar number 3
12 48 1582 242 420638 5095228 begin sampling at 1249 sampling material on the outer surface of the tube worms. SS-3_bio _R497-15
12 56 1582 245 420638 5095228 still suction sampling worms and their close associates.
13 2 1582 242 420638 5095228 end of sample.
13 2 1582 243 420638 5095228 move to flushing jar. flush suction sampler.
13 4 1582 243 420638 5095228 Kim's video off.
13 5 1582 248 420638 5095228 Kim's highlights back on. Beta cam highlight on. Tube worm fields being surveyed.
13 10 1580 48 420638 5095228 ROPOS is positioning to collect the HOBO sampler using the 7 function arm. Probe is now free at 1313. ROPOS is setting down on the bottom in order to store the hobo in the port BioBox. Highlights off. HOBO_

R497-16

13 16 1583 132 420638 5095228 Attempting to place the hobo in the port bio-box. draped the hobo to the bottom. ROPOS is moving to collect the hobo a second time. Repositioned to collect it again. hobo is in the port bio-box. box is closed.
13 29 1583 331 420638 5095228 ROPOS is releasing the ss probe. Positioning the 5 function arm to grab the ring.
13 33 1583 311 420638 5095228 change VCR tapes and stop Kim's highlights
13 34 1583 311 420638 5095228 ROPOS is moving to the top of T&S to sample with the Niskin. The 5 function arm has grabbed the ring. 1336 sample collected. top of the vent. Niskin was about 6 inches above the outlet. Niskin_dfl

_R497-17

13 43 1584 274 420638 5095228 ROPOS is moving back to the cage. End of sampling.
13 46 1556 120 420638 5095228 ROPOS has returned to cage.
13 57 1394 346 420638 5095229 ROPOS and ship are moving back toward the extensometer site.
13 58 1402 16 420638 5095229 VCR's stopped for transit.
14 3 1398 72 420638 5095229 Spiny jelly R497-78
14 3 1398 72 420638 5095229 Spiny jellyfish R497-79
16 24 0 0 421566 5097898 We're back at the NRZ and will deploy the elevator now (again). We're going to navigate it to the bottom. Elevator over the side now.
16 28 0 0 421038 5096877 Elevator back in the water at 1624, going back down to the extensometer site.
17 11 1399 60 420918 5096724 42083 509670 Elevator position.
17 24 1577 70 420947 5096732 Moving to 98E3
17 27 1591 94 420962 5096727 98E3 in view and located
17 29 1593 321 420973 5096724 98E3 is located on top of pedestal of lava
17 34 1593 311 420972 5096726 98E3 collected by ROPOS/all checks out/moving to then elevator-distance 80 m.
17 37 1593 314 420977 5096745 ROPOS stopped for a fix: 3 transponders woohoo
17 48 1593 298 420866 5096811 We have found the elevator/98E3 is being placed in the tube.
17 49 1590 316 420731 5097981 The score stands at 1-0 Chadwick/98E3 recovered
17 53 1593 132 421477 5097119 Moving now to collect Rock sample.
18 3 1596 116 420898 5096759 Rock sample collected 420898/5096759 Rck_R497-10
18 6 1594 117 420898 5096760 Moving the ship(stern) 50 m to 98E4
18 9 1593 274 420898 5096760 ROPOS on the bottom going between 98E3 and 98E4
18 34 1591 319 420793 5096742 ROPOS on the move. Looking for 98E4
18 41 1594 32 420742 5096794 98E4 located and Power outage. Shut down?
18 45 1597 318 420737 5096807 Sub telemetry lost/Sub is coming up slowly/ Dive R497 comes to an end
19 40 1597 318 420715 5096806 ROPOS on deck.
       Dive Summary: The dive began with the elevator deployment. Got to the bottom. Removed one extensometer from the elevator and deployed it at position 99E5. When we were heading to recover one of the 98 extensometers Frank noticed that the elevator was
        was floating behind the ship. We recovered the elevator and proceeded to CASM Vent Field. 17 samples were taken t CASM (suctions for animals and fluids), and tube worm grabs. After many hours at CASM we returned to the NRZ extensometer site.
      The elevator was redeployed and one extensometer was placed in the tube. We lost power to the sub again and the dive was aborted.



    Dive R498
      Dive Plan: Short dive to recover the remaining 3 extensometers with the elevator (elevator prematurely surfaced on Dive R497).
      Note: Nav fixes not edited in the logs. All fixes were logged, regardless of accuracy. Use the dive plots to determine actual positions.
  UTC Hour Min Depth (m) Sub Hdng (deg) UTM X UTM Y Comments Frmgrbs, Photos, Samples
20 15       ROPOS launched.
23 29 1579 346 420752 5096803 the cage is at 1570
23 32 1594 243 420790 5096800 ROPOS on bottom, 1594, have 3-transponder fix, need to head SE to start target
23 37 1595 254 420773 5096774 looking for first target R498-1
23 40 1593 289 420732 5096844 Extensometer in sight, number 5 on top floatation, 98E4
23 43 1597 206 420735 5096832 base of extensometer designated 98E4 getting ready to pick it up for transport to elevator. R498-2
23 46 1597 209 420770 5096790 Extensometer is in the starboard arm
23 53 1596 164 420785 5096800 moving ship position and sub to elevator, taking first extensometer
23 58 1594 118 420843 5096786 Depth relatively constant en route to elevator, terrain mostly lobate flows.
0 0 1591 147 420867 5096776 Arrived at the elevator R498-3
0 1 1589 159 420846 5096822 extensometer 98E4 into elevator R498-4
0 2 1590 174 420871 5096759 top of extensometer sinking into tube R498-5
0 3 1593 140 420882 5096770 at elevator
0 4 1591 197 420878 5096768 Elevator with extensometer R498-6
0 4 1591 222 420884 5096771 range 145 meters at 103 degrees to next target, extensometer 98E2
0 19 1597 122 420988 5096748 40 meters to the next site.
0 24 1590 90 420996 5096730 Approaching extensometer e2.
0 25 1589 119 420996 5096730 Frame grab of extensometer E2. R498-7
0 26 1591 145 423284 5095772 Base of 98E2 before pick up R498-8
0 26 1592 200 423284 5095772 1998 E2 extensometer R498-9
0 27 1593 229 423284 5095772 R498-10
0 27 1593 228 423284 5095772 Might be slightly tilted to the NW (98E2).
0 27 1593 229 421037 5096733 R498-11
0 28 1593 226 421033 5096735 R498-12
0 29 1592 234 421032 5096734 extensometer 98e2 in the claw and now being carried to the elevator.
0 36 1581 329 420965 5096793 The elevator is at 80m bearing 254.
0 41 1590 266 420911 5096783 Good fix, 30 m bearing 254 to elevator.
0 43 1594 254 420911 5096798 Mkr-35 in sight, where the elevator used to be.
0 44 1596 265 420916 5096785 Swimming crinoid in video. We are preparing to pick up

Mkr-35.

0 48 1595 296 420916 5096783 Mkr-35 in the grasp and we are heading for the elevator

32 meters away.

0 51 1588 237 420916 5096782 We have a good ROPOS fix, the elevator is 30 meters away.
1 1 1593 302 420898 5096759 Rat-tailed fish sighted.
1 2 1594 273 420879 5096779 Release of the elevator seen. Now the elevator is in view.
1 7 1590 212 420889 5096760 Mkr-35 dropped into elevator tube.
1 9 1590 161 420887 5096763 Extensometer 98e2 dropped into elevator tube. Now heading to pick up 98e1.
1 11 1592 138 420884 5096765 25 m bearing 102 to the next target.
1 47 1591 201 421205 5096707 Starfish on rock. good nav fix.
1 50 1592 39 421202 5096709 Nav says we are on top of 98e1b. We don't see it. good fix.
1 55 1593 175 421202 5096688 good nav fix, crab seen, Holothurian seen, no extensometer seen
1 58 1593 80 421245 5096629 1998 E1 extensometer R498-14
1 59 1594 97 421223 5096680 R498-15
1 58 1593 85 421206 5096673 extensometer located, 98e1 and is at an angle. It is located in a very rough area.
2 1 1594 97 421223 5096682 extensometer was inclined toward 023 degrees. We are in the process of grabbing the extensometer.
2 3 1594 93 421227 5096676 Many barnacles seen on rock, also on extensometer. Note that

the float is al the way to the bottom.

2 5 1594 113 421215 5096676 P code lost. Elevator 30 m away.
2 6 1593 109 421214 5096677 extensometer in grasp and we are heading towards the elevator.
2 8 1586 80 421182 5096756 Bearing 280 at 30 meters to the elevator.
2 23 1591 272 420917 5096760 Elevator in sight
2 24 1592 255 420892 5096760 Back at elevator with last extensometer R498-16
2 24 1592 249 420892 5096760 Chicken in sight R498-17
2 25 1590 82 420883 5096760 extensometer (last) going into tube R498-18
2 31 1569 131 420876 5096769 tether is tangled, trying to get it untangled
2 35 1588 146 420876 5096774 tether is ok now, back at elevator with extensometer
2 35 1590 136 424253 5096253 R498-19
2 37 1590 91 421424 5097219 last extensometer not quite in the tube R498-20
2 37 1592 42 420880 5096764 R498-22
2 37 1592 42 420880 5096764 rubber chicken on elevator R498-21
2 37 1592 92 420865 5096770 R498-23
2 38 1593 156 420865 5096770 honey bear on elevator R498-24
2 48 1596 138 420860 5096818 Elevator is not released. Rope pulled off pin. Pin is still in place.
2 53 1596 152 420863 5096768 pin held in by tie-wrap, trying to pull it out. R498-26
2 56 1596 147 420880 5096764 Now the elevator is released and on the way up.
3 3 0 0 421030 5096532 ROPOS on way to surface, at 1540 meters, 23/min
3 59 0 0 420874 5096849 03:49 UTC Elevator on board
3 59 0 0 420874 5096849 ROPOS on deck at 0414 UTC
       Dive Summary: Recovered the extensometers that were deployed in '98. Three extensometers were placed in the elevator (one was placed on the previous dive). Elevator has all four '98 extensometers in tow.



    Dive R499
      Dive Plan: Fluid sample northern new lava area at Magnesia, N41, Oxide (near N41), Nascent, Cloud, Mkr-33. Suction sample at Magnesia, OldWorms and Mkr-33. Imagenex. Deploy Osmo at Magnesia
      Note: Nav fixes not edited in the logs. All fixes were logged, regardless of accuracy. Use the dive plots to determine actual positions.
  UTC Hour Min Depth (m) Sub Hdng (deg) UTM X UTM Y Comments Frmgrbs, Photos, Samples
3 59 0 0 420874 5096849 ROPOS in the water at 15:09 UTC
16 27 1526 87 421434 5084283 On the bottom. Lava pillar. Resetting still camera count to zero.
16 30 1523 87 423372 5088972 Just hanging out for a few minutes while we wait for nav.
16 30 1523 87 423372 5088972 Lots of floc in the water - did ROPOS stir some up or is it snow output from Magnesia vent? Still waiting for nav, disregard fixes.
16 30 1523 87 423372 5088972 White spire in the distance - looks like it is hydrothermal in origin. Multiple pillars. We are not at Magnesia yet, we're waiting for a good fix. Looks like there might be some white spots, some venting. Photo 1 - 4
16 40 1527 85 423306 5088132 More pillars, covered on top with sediment. Is it hydrothermal in origin? Photo 5
16 43 1525 91 423674 5088571 good ROPOS fix.
16 44 1526 179 423819 5088308 More pillars. Not getting video input to the frame grabber. Lots of floc in the water and fall out on the ground. Photo 7 - 8
16 46 1528 187 423897 5088183 At Magnesia vent. Tons of floc coming out of the pit.
16 46 1530 162 423678 5088534 Frame grab video back on. Still no good nav.
16 48 1530 164 423676 5088138 Video highlights on. Moving into position to fluid sample.
16 49 1528 120 423670 5088545 good ROPOS fix: 3669, 8545. Accidental photo. Photo 8
16 59 1531 353 423669 5088550 Probing for temperature at Magnesia. Note: Imagenex is not getting data. Maximum temp. at 7 degrees C.
17 7 1531 357 423674 5088535 Locked the arm for fluid sampling - up to 7.3 degrees C. Starting to suction at 17:08 into filter #3 for xrf of HFS. HFS-3_dfl

_R499-1

17 13 1531 359 423666 5088550 Finished pumping R49-1 at 17:13, 50 ml was pumped. Starting to pump into piston #4. Stopping at 17:19, 60 ml pumped. HFS-4_dfl

_R499-2

17 19 1531 359 423670 5088548 The max. temp on the last sample (R49-2) was 7.4 degrees C. Starting to pump gas piston #5. Stopped at 17:22. HFS-5_dfl

_R499-3

17 23 1531 357 423670 5088537 Starting to pump bag #18 of HFS at 17:26. This is the last fluid sample at Magnesia. Stopped pumping at 17:31, pumped 613 ml. Few seconds of highlights at 17:32. HFS-18_dfl

_R499-4

17 40 1531 357 423678 5088536 Spent the last 5 minutes panning around looking for animals to suction. We could only find a couple scale worms. We are going to deploy the Osmo first and then go for a suction sample.
17 45 1531 5 423669 5088545 Deploying the Osmo sampler.
17 52 1531 18 423668 5088544 Shut off the sub aux. power to try and get imagenex working. It's working now.
17 54 1530 17 423667 5088547 Still trying to deploy the Osmo. Grabbing the t-handle and placing the intake down into the pit opening.
18 1 1531 22 423668 5088545 Dropping the Osmo intake into the pit.
18 12 1531 335 423665 5088552 The intake tip is in place for the Osmo, now need to position the main body.
18 14 1531 335 423675 5088528 Still at Magnesia. Tripping the Niskin bottle at 18:17. Niskin_dfl

_R499-5

18 22 1530 5 423668 5088546 Osmo sampler Red at Magnesia R499-1
18 22 1530 26 423669 5088545 Photo of Osmo position. Photo 9
18 25 1530 216 423668 5088554 Red Osmo sampler at Magnesia R499-2
18 24 1528 179 423669 5088548 VHS tapes changed. Still at Magnesia. Photo 10
18 30 1531 24 423194 5088810 Area shot R499-3
18 30 1531 14 423194 5088810 Venting fluid at Magnesia R499-4
18 33 1531 350 423669 5088549 R499-5
18 33 1531 348 423669 5088549 Red Osmo sampler at Magnesia R499-6
18 34 1531 346 423669 5088554 Red osmo sampler at Magnesia R499-7
18 36 1531 354 423675 5088523 Repositioning for suction sampling of scale worms.
18 39 1532 43 423669 5088544 Highlights have been off for awhile.
18 41 1527 325 423658 5088538 Susan-san says a good fix.
18 49 1529 210 423657 5088548 Still trying to find some polynoids to suction for Jean.
18 55 1497 286 423661 5088551 Suction sampling abandoned as visibility was poor.
18 58 1498 42 423661 5088551 Back to cage. Power problems with sub but not lethal.
19 14 1501 152 423680 5088495 On our way to Old Worms. ROPOS at cage as ship moved.
19 17 1503 124 423694 5088492 We were in a dense plume. Took highlight video. Now getting out of plume - going from snow to fog"."
19 27 1504 360 423788 5088439 smoke plume R499-8
19 27 1504 46 423777 5088438 Still in fog" = buoyant plume of fine particulates near Old Worms."
19 29 1521 212 423791 5088447 On the bottom in worms so must be at Old Worms site.
19 30 1524 188 423807 5088481 water and worms R499-9
19 30 1525 187 423791 5088448 R499-10
19 30 1524 186 423791 5088448 Photos of sponges on a pillar. Photos 1 & 12
19 31 1523 148 423796 5088439 Photo of drainout and tube worms. Photo 13
19 33 1524 174 423794 5088432 Photo of lobate lava, worms and crab.
19 33 1523 151 423796 5088428 Last was photo 14 - forgot to enter to right. Photo 14
19 36 1525 188 423798 5088428 Worms are (barely) alive. Not much venting seen yet.
19 38 1524 261 423799 5088422 Worms, crab (maybe). Photo 15
19 39 1524 266 423792 5088422 More worms. Photo 16
19 39 1525 234 423792 5088424 Appear to at place where we sampled on an earlier dive.
19 40 1524 313 423780 5088421 Diffuse vent, sponges. Photo 17
19 45 1526 88 423782 5088427 Parked in front of a tube worm bush looking for fluid to sample.
19 55 1526 110 423780 5088430 Stuck HFS into tube worm bush. Found only 4.2C and no obvious flow so not a suitable sampling site.
20 2 1526 115 423784 5088418 suspected venting R499-11
20 7 1525 175 423785 5088418 yet another spot to check out R499-12
20 4 1526 116 423783 5088421 Lazy flow in tube worm bush. Not good enough to sample.
20 8 1525 168 423786 5088417 Moved west and found a better site with lush growth and good fluid flow.
20 19 1526 148 423787 5088412 Gas piston #24 started at 20:19:40. good fix. HFS-24_dfl

_R499-6

20 21 1526 147 423786 5088412 Gas sample stopped after 1 minute at 20:21. Probably ~150 ml.
20 23 1526 150 423786 5088412 Max T on previous sample was 7.8C.
0 0 0   0 0 Not getting an increased temperature on the outlet thermocouple when pumping. Trying to determine why - massive leak? Also, big cloud of hydraulic fluid from ROPOS. Going back to cage. Dive terminated.
20 37 1481 174 423781 5088406 ROPOS is in its cage and winding to surface.
21 40 2 41 423705 5088548 21:30. ROPOS on deck.
21 45 2 41 423705 5088548 Dive Summary: Vent fluid samples, nisken, suction samples of biota and deployment of osmosampler at Magnesia Vent. Video of plume. Vent fluid sample at OldWorms. Leak in HFS folowed by hydraulic leak in ROPOS terminated the dive.



   Dive R500
      Dive Plan: Continuation of aborted Dive 499. Changed Niskin and a piston sampler on HFS (P4).
      Note: Nav fixes not edited in the logs. All fixes were logged, regardless of accuracy. Use the dive plots to determine actual positions.
  UTC Hour Min Depth (m) Sub Hdng (deg) UTM X UTM Y Comments Frmgrbs, Photos, Samples
23 15 5 303 423705 5088548 Dive went in at 23:14.
0 32 1526 155 423736 5088471 On bottom. Old Worms 98 m bearing 10.
0 33 1526 107 423714 5088298 Complete sediment covering.
0 34 1525 154 423836 5088124 Sediment covering thinning out, . Many sponges on rocks. Photo 20 - 21
0 35 1523 148 423779 5088458 Photo 23 coming into venting, worms seen Staining, on the

western edge of where we were.

Photo 23
0 36 1524 126 423779 5088458 collapse pit with drain back and worms. If there is visible venting, we will take it.
0 38 1523 222 423790 5088423 Photo 24 of hole with tube worms Photo 24 - 25
0 38 1525 249 423790 5088418 better site at Old Worms R500-1
0 38 1525 237 423790 5088418 Many tube worms at old worms Photo 26
0 39 1526 215 423830 5087842 AT old worms quite a bit of visible flow. R500-2
0 40 1525 239 423786 5088415 Preparing for sampling. To 8.2 degrees so far. R500-3
0 42 1526 234 423786 5088416 Getting temperatures to 9 degrees as we are poking under a worm clump.
0 44 1526 230 423655 5088559 Sampler locked in T1=9.5, T2=7.5.
0 45 1526 228 423786 5088414 HFS temp probe placed under a skirt of tube worms. flows are reminiscent of cloud Mkr-N6 ; very isothermal R500-4
0 45 1526 229 423786 5088414 Bag 9 is being used to sample this site. The fixes are good.
0 47 1526 224 423769 5088326 Sample bag 9 started at 0047 HFS-9_dfl

_R500-1

0 50 1526 222 424020 5088693 Baby palm worms on tube worms during sampling of HFS bag 4 R500-5
0 52 1526 223 423784 5088414 Bag 9 stopped, maximum temperature 9.6 degrees.
0 57 1526 223 423785 5088414 Scale worms covered with bacterial mat, palm worms. R500-6
0 58 1526 223 423857 5087947 Starting bag 17 at 0:58 . HFS-17_dfl

_R500-2

0 59 1526 220 423316 5087803 Panning camera around to look at site.
1 1 1526 220 424019 5088696 Shimmering water coming out of tube, distilled water being

pumped out of sampler

R500-7
1 2 1526 219 423771 5088327 HFS-17_dfl_R500-2 Tmax=9.8, time stopped at 70 ml, 0105 UTC.
1 5 1526 222 423567 5088645 Started at 0106. This is a gas piston. HFS-23_dfl

_R500-3

1 7 1526 220 423784 5088414 Stopped piston 23 at 0107.
1 8 1526 221 423561 5088649 Now changing to suction sampling J3 64 micron mesh
1 10 1526 222 423741 5088757 Scale worms flying by, preparing for J3 suction sample. R500-8
1 13 1522 172 423704 5088314 Vacating this site to do the suction sampler elsewhere. We did not take the suction sample.
1 15 1524 132 423758 5088332 Seeing alot of staining (Photo 27). We are moving to an older bush of tube worms at site Old Worms.
1 17 1525 151 423741 5088504 Tube worm bushes seen but rejected as a sampling site as being too small. Photo 27
1 22 1520 90 423762 5088421 This is a four transponder fix.
1 23 1522 173 423767 5088426 Heading east of field.
1 23 1522 182 423730 5088482 back to where we took the fluid sample. Photo 28 - 30 R500-9
1 24 1523 142 423785 5088417 Big bush of tube worms away from fluid sampling site.
1 25 1525 130 423795 5088395 crab on the right of older tube worm bushes and we will take J3 over this bush. Photo 31
1 26 1526 137 423795 5088395 Slow to medium suction will be required.
1 27 1526 141 423793 5088414 good fix on this site. Started 0127 for larvae, sampler J3

for 15 minutes.

SS-j3_dfl

_R500-4

1 39 1526 153 423790 5088411 Stopped at 01:39:45 suction sample J3. We will now reposition for Christian's sample. The elapsed time of sample was 12 minutes.
1 47 1526 169 423793 5088415 Started 01:47:40, sampling at an old tube worms community 10 micron mesh. SS-j1_bio

_R500-5

1 49 1526 174 423793 5088413 Shaking up the tube worms for biota sampling. R500-10
1 54 1526 175 423795 5088416 Sampling results R500-11
1 56 1526 171 423798 5088391 The suction sampler is being moved side to side, stopped 0156:20
2 0 1526 175 423790 5088410 Jar 4 was just turned on briefly.
2 3 1526 174 423791 5088414 Trying to find clams and other fauna for suction sampling.
2 7 1526 195 423585 5088647 Suction sample. SS-j2_bio

_R500-6

2 8 1527 195 423799 5088412
 2 10 1520 188 423016 5086805 Lost P-code.
2 18 1527 232 423804 5088396 Among clam shells.
2 18 1527 233 423789 5088414 Clam shells at old worms site.
2 19 1527 231 423792 5088410 ss-j2_bio_R500-6 pump on at 2:20.
2 28 1527 214 423794 5088409 Sample of J2. R500-12
2 29 1527 214 423791 5088406 Flush of J2. R500-13
2 29 1527 217 423787 5088405 Stopped pumping 02:29 and will look for other fauna.
2 31 1527 207 423792 5088406 Broken hose on the suction sample. We are now done with suction sampling. Hose got stuck on bracket and broke hose.
2 36 1527 184 423793 5088406 Heading back to the cage.
2 48 1477 145 423826 5088507 Heading east to start an Imagenex line.
3 2 1499 177 423923 5088353 Starting Imagenex line 1.
4 57 1497 248 424064 5087479 Imagenex line complete and we are now moving over to Mkr-Mkr-N41/FeO2. Tom Corbet was here.
5 20 1521 127 423887 5087434 On bottom in lobate field covered with yellowish hydrothermal? sediment. Some white bacterial mat on edges of collapse. A good deal of particulate mater in the water column.
5 23 1520 167 423909 5087421 looking for FeO2 site. Water is very cloudy. Mkr-Mkr-N41 found. MTR in view too. Many white patches of biota between yellow stained/coated low relief pillows.
5 26 1520 355 423910 5087404 Quite an extensive field of scattered Fe oxides on lobates. Some jumbled too. Photo 32
5 29 1521 166 423913 5087431 Settling down between lobates, looking for venting. Mat of diatoms? all over the tops of lobates. Munch munch munch!
5 32 1521 281 423919 5087431 Looking for venting site to sample. Seeing a buoyant plume here. Lots of Fe Oxide around.
5 35 1521 119 423900 5087424 some venting spotted R500-14
5 35 1521 138 423900 5087424 Quite a lot of diffuse venting from in-between lobates. Fe Oxide all over the tops of lobates. Much bacterial floc in cracks between lobes. Regional warm water is above ambient (2.6C).
5 39 1522 121 423904 5087423 Diffuse flow with Fe oxide and floc between lobate flows. R500-15
5 45 1522 133 423905 5087425 Looking for hotter water up to 5.1 C. in a hole between lobates. Temp up to 5.5C. Fix x=3904 y=7423 NE of FeO2. Taking the fluid sample now.
5 47 1521 129 423902 5087422 5 m NE of FeO2. Sample is 4.5 C inlet, 4.1 C outlet. sampling. Some worms living in the mucus. There was a small fish before too. Small particles caught in the filter that will be analyzed by XRF and STEM. HFS-19_dfl

_R500-7

5 52 1521 133 423905 5087424 Scale worm on top of lobate, Kim confirms. Also pandora worm in tube down in hollow of venting site.
5 54 1521 129 423904 5087424 Pandora worm in low T vent but not the site we are sampling. R500-17
5 55 1521 130 423905 5087424 Finished the fluid sampling. Going to take a gas tight here.
6 3 1521 130 423899 5087438 Can't take a suction sample because the line is broken.
6 6 1521 130 423900 5087439 Sample gastight #6 Gtb-6_dfl-R500-8
6 10 1518 170 423906 5087430 Taking a zigzag course to get to Nascent vent. Photo 33?
6 11 1520 162 423906 5087424 Heading south over some collapse pits. Very dense plume, seeing Mkr-Mkr-N41now. Photo of iron stained lobates. Photo 34
6 12 1520 178 423893 5087394 more bacterial material and some tubeworms, between most lobates, lots of shimmering water. Stopping to sample in this field Photo 35 - 36
6 14 1521 187 423911 5087385 Many snails and limpets (me thinks) and quite a lot of bags on the lobates. Tubeworms concentrated in more concentrated flow between the lobes. Much diffuse venting.
6 16 1521 224 423910 5087391 Taking temp. in-between lobes. up in the 5-6C temp range. Halfway between Mkr-Mkr-N41 and Nascent 3911 7391.
6 19 1521 218 423916 5087399 Higher Temps in the 20 C range. in the midst of a tubeworm clump.
6 23 1521 221 423905 5087404 Begin sampling R500-18
6 24 1521 219 423912 5087394 Unfiltered bag sample HFS-16-dfl

_R500-9

6 25 1521 218 423910 5087386 sampling location near Mkr-Mkr-N41 R500-19
6 26 1521 221 423910 5087393 more of the same R500-20
6 28 1521 219 423910 5087392 Done with that sample
6 28 1521 220 423872 5087043 Gas tight sample, gtb-stbd side, sample #7 Gtb-7_dlf

_R500-10

6 36 1521 221 423897 5087366 Searching same spot for higher temp.
6 43 1521 220 423902 5087402 Probe is back up in same spot with T's in the 20's. Starting to sample bag number 1 with a filter. HFS-1_dfl

_R500-11

6 46 1521 217 423927 5087415 fluid sampling site R50021
6 47 1521 218 423912 5087390 Stopping sample, exit T about 14 C. Now doing filter #10 for lipids. HFS-10_dfl _R500-12
6 55 1521 218 423918 5087403 Still pumping for lipids
6 59 1521 219 423903 5087396 finished taking sample. Taking filter 13 next. in sample place. HFS-13_dfl _R500-13
7 1 1521 216 423977 5087763 Now it is working, sample #13 being taken now. DNA filter is 13.
7 5 1521 217 423928 5087451 sampling site for several recent samples (post GTB) R500-22
7 7 1521 218 424278 5087191 photo #37
7 15 1521 220 423908 5087385 bags and more bags R500-24
7 26 1520 213 423911 5087375 good fix baby
7 31 1520 280 423907 5087378 deploy MTR
7 32 1520 274 423909 5087380 MTR 3175, repositioned from R491 at Mkr-Mkr-N41 area. Placed at base of tube worm clump.
7 33 1520 287 423909 5087380 Checking temp with fluid sampler, Tmax at 15.3 C at business end
7 38 1520 289 423871 5087743 Moving towards Cloud Mkr-Mkr-N6 next
7 40 1519 200 423902 5087397   Photo 52
7 41 1519 196 423941 5087467   Photo 53
7 41 1519 193 423941 5087467 Photo 54 - 55
7 43 1518 194 423946 5087466   Photo 56
7 44 1519 182 423946 5087466   Photo 57
7 45 1519 189 423946 5087466   Photo 58
7 47 1520 173 424074 5087661 good fix 23m at 17 degrees heading, temp check at 6.1C Tmax
7 51 1519 176 423912 5087352 Traversing south from this MTR - coming to the edge of a collapse. Some pockets of white lined venting. Photo-59 - 60
7 51 1519 157 423912 5087352 Alternating orange and white coverage on the lobate lavas. Photo-61
7 52 1520 195 423912 5087352 More lobates with white and orange stuff. Photo-62
7 52 1519 195 423905 5087340 White stains from venting. Photo-63
7 53 1520 171 423957 5087432 More staining. Photo-64
7 54 1519 194 423957 5087432 Large collapsed pit.
7 54 1519 182 423957 5087432 More staining on these lavas. More orange stuff than before. Photo-65
7 54 1519 194 423937 5087377 Some little tube worms in the pockets. Photo-6
7 55 1519 171 423937 5087377 Some blue protozoan mat
7 55 1518 183 423937 5087377 More white staining, little tube worms, etc. Photo-67
7 56 1519 199 423918 5087309 Quite a bit of shimmering flow here.
7 56 1519 173 423917 5087312 good fix here.
7 57 1520 223 424234 5087126 We're 60 m south of the MTR, we're going to probe the temperature here.
7 59 1520 229 423881 5087414 Little hole with white shimery stuff flowing out. 3918 7310.
8 2 1520 228 424674 5087293 Sampling, Temp 7.5C HFS-4_dfl _R500-14
8 8 1520 227 423914 5087301 Stopping sampling
8 12 1520 243 423915 5087306 Reposition, temp at 9.5C, pump on
8 17 1520 224 423915 5087300 Done sampling, ~60 cc sampled, Tmax 11.3C
8 18 1520 222 423914 5087301 Sampling site of HFS04 R500-25
9 12 1523 279 423904 5087110 photo 69 at Mkr-Mkr-N4, Bact Traps in view Photo 69
9 15 1524 248 423902 5087118   Photo 70, 71
9 18 1522 269 423906 5087106   Photo 72, 73
9 19 1523 317 423916 5087114   Photo 74, 75
9 21 1525 335 423917 5087127 Arrive at Mkr-Mkr-N6 Photo 76, 77
9 24 1524 301 423904 5087117 Fluid sampling at cloud Mkr-N6 R50028
9 23 1525 308 423915 5087116 Sample filter 6, temp at 20oC steady. Fish filter HFS-6_dfl _R500-15
9 27 1525 293 423904 5087113 start sampling
9 28 1525 308 423903 5087116   photo 78
9 36 1526 304 423901 5087112 Done with the sample
9 36 1526 306 423906 5087112 Starting filter #12, DNA filter HFS-12_dfl _R500-16
9 38 1526 299 423902 5087108 Another view of fluid sampling at Cloud Mkr-N6 R50029
9 46 1525 302 423903 5087118 stopped sampling
9 47 1525 301 423903 5087117 Lipid filter, starting sample HFS-15_dfl _R500-17
9 56 1524 302 423902 5087116 stopping sample
9 58 1524 304 423901 5087117 piston #20 started, just another water sample HFS-20_dfl _R500-18
10 4 1524 304 423902 5087115 Stopped sampling with 675 ml
10 4 1524 306 423908 5087120 evil-nasty-slurpgun-killing-niskin sample #19, in flow of Mkr-N6 vent. Niskin_dfl

_R500-19

10 23 1523 303 423903 5087114   photo 79
10 24 1522 258 423903 5087105   photo 80
10 28 1521 83 423895 5087108   photo 82
10 29 1521 69 423897 5087122 Mkr-N4 Photo 83 - 85
10 29 1521 58 423894 5087109   photo 86
10 31 1521 114 423896 5087119 Photo 88 - 89
10 32 1521 115 423895 5087120 At Mkr-N4 R500-30
10 33 1521 118 423895 5087119 good fix
10 38 1521 103 423896 5087119 Transacting across cloud vent area
10 40 1521 289 423898 5087118 Cloud, Mkr-N4 R500-31
10 44 1520 290 423899 5087120 Survey of Mkr-N4 area, heading 285 to the right, drops off and then there is a hole. Heading for Mkr-21. Photo
10 45 1521 65 423900 5087118 Video mapping of Cloud area.
10 46 1522 272 423901 5087117 Back at Mkr-21. Facing heading 285. Waiting for debris to clear. Range the top of the cliff = 9 meters. Adjusting the color camera to look just above the fluid sampler.
10 56 1523 282 423904 5087116 Making sure we are getting good fixes. Currently we are stopped and sitting on the bottom.
11 6 1523 284 423904 5087118 Starting video survey. First a lateral to the east, we are going to mow the grass, in steps of 2 meters east and west.
11 7 1523 283 423905 5087116 Kim's tape is started. Keep a 285 heading. Begin 21:08
11 8 1523 286 423904 5087117 Bottom at beginning of survey. photo 92
11 8 1523 287 423902 5087107 edge of basin, up on the wall a little bit. edge large drop of and no more venting. Going back to port. photo 93
11 10 1523 288 423904 5087113 Lateral west. Past the large patch of worms. Another area of venting, big hole with tube worms. Another basin. Another vent. Now we are at the wall. Move up 2 meters. Now back North.
11 12 1522 284 423905 5087110 Edge on South side, large drop off, coming over the pit. Photo 97 is directly over the Mkr-N4. photo 94 - 98
11 13 1522 289 424007 5087648 On the N side. over a large rock pillar, moving ahead 2 meters. 9 going back to S, still heading 285, Camera is dead. Photos101 and 102 did not flash. photo 99 - 100
11 15 1523 285 423902 5087113 At the south edge. Turning to N to range on the pillars. New VCR tapes at 1:16. Distance to other side (pillars) is 6 meters. Back to 285 heading, stopping ahead 1 meter only. Lateral to the N, 3 meter distance from cliffs on W extremity.
11 18 1522 286 423905 5087108 Trying camera, broken. Face of W edge, another area of venting. At the corner of W and N edge. Lost the cliff, then we nudged the pillars on the N side. Move to W and do last pass across the lower face of the clif. Still on 285. More venting.
11 21 1522 282 423899 5087123 Moving down, now lateral to the S, passing the marker, lots of worms.
11 22 1522 278 423898 5087120 Touching on bottom, back at the big cliffs, at edge coming up, turning N. Heading N. There is venting on a small razorback down below. Moving along the wall, past the pillar, the cliff flattens. This is a new pillar, still going N. lateralling to big wall
11 27 1520 1 423896 5087120 Lateral to N, another bounding wall, not a continuous wall, moving S,
11 29 1521 360 423901 5087113 Moving over Mkr-21, setting down on the bottom. Turning to 285, to map a hole that we missed earlier.
11 30 1522 282 423903 5087111 Heading 285 from a point directly south of Mkr-21. Going out of the edge of the field. Big rock, little rock. Going back to the eastern edge of the field.
11 33 1522 290 423903 5087116 Heading 285, going over the marker, connecting to the other marker, a short lateral to N. Redoing the same run to fill in the final gaps in coverage.
11 35 1522 287 423899 5087114 Changed Kim's tape, we are at the eastern edge of the field. Doing a little hop (3 meter) to the south, bottom is split by a U shape.
11 37 1523 286 423901 5087112 Starting last east to west run. over T-bone steak, straight ahead on 285, on the left is the pillar in the distance, running 250 across the last structure in the SW corner of the field.
11 40 1518 253 423887 5087110 Small amount of venting on top and then the abyss.
11 40 1517 316 423885 5087107 Flying along the southern edge, heading 105, break to N, other ridge (that defines the field) on the west.
11 43 1519 342 423891 5087097 just before we went to the large structure, saw the pillar, need to go back to the pillar. Not far from marker Mkr-N4. We are now back to Mkr-21, moving S and W.
11 48 1520 234 423898 5087119 Still looking for the pillar.
11 51 1516 278 424367 5087936 Stopping the tape, heading back to the cage.
11 53 1488 338 424440 5086672 ROPOS is back to the cage. Checking out the Nav. It is ok. Moving the ship 70 meters to the west.
12 9 1510 264 423867 5087075 Heading to Mkr-33.
12 10 1522 261 424087 5087596 Sitting on the bottom. Trying to get a fix.
12 13 1522 254 423880 5087084 good fixes. Moving bearing 297. Coming into some white staining on the sheet flows.
12 14 1520 290 423874 5087093 Heading 289, 24 meters to Mkr-33.
12 15 1521 289 423861 5087103 Another piece of broken sheet. Found Mkr-33. Moving lateral before we stir up the bottom. Short video survey along the crack.
12 17 1521 211 423853 5087104 Mkr-33 R500-33
12 17 1520 213 423744 5086611 Mkr-33 R500-34
12 16 1521 211 423854 5087098 Heading is 215-212. Looking for areas to get temp measurements. Going back to the area where al the osmo samplers sit to take fluid samples.
12 18 1522 217 423852 5087103 Siting on the bottom. Extending fluid sampler probe.
12 19 1522 218 423856 5087104 Moving right next to the spot where the hot water is coming out. Positioning probe.
12 20 1522 228 423855 5087102 6 deg C on probe, 7 deg. Attempting to find max T.
12 21 1522 235 423854 5087099 Temp is climbing, 13 deg, 18, 34, 42, 54, 60, 65, 69, 73, 74, now back down to 45. Back up to around 70.
12 24 1522 238 423855 5087102 Number 1 sample FISH, temp is 76, 12:24 start, filter 1 fish. HFS-1_dfl

_R500-20

12 29 1522 238 423854 5087101 T2 is reading 43 deg C.
12 33 1522 236 423854 5087100 75.5 max T , stopping sample. Filtered 1 liter.
12 34 1522 243 423857 5087099 starting filter 2 XRF. HFS-2_dfl

_R500-21

12 38 1522 245 423852 5087085 Max T 7.5, vol 50ml, sample stopped 12:38
12 39 1522 245 423850 5087103 Start sample. Sterevex. T1 6, T2 43. Panning to outlet line to flow. good flow. HFS-7_dfl

_R500-22

12 56 1522 246 423857 5087098 Stopping sample 75.7 was Max T.
12 58 1522 246 423474 5086596 starting filter 21 for lipids. HFS-21_dlf _R500-23
13 8 1522 247 423856 5087095 Stopping the sample, Max T 73, 120 ml.
13 9 1522 247 423978 5087411 Starting piston 2. HFS-2_dfl

_R500-24

13 15 1522 245 423853 5087106 624 ml, 74 max t , stopping.
13 15 1522 247 423658 5087628 Bag 14 with a filter. starting at 13:16 HFS-14_dfl _R500-25
13 19 1522 245 423859 5087096 Change VCR tapes.
13 21 1522 245 423856 5087088 stopping at 13:20, T max 73.5 525ml.
13 21 1522 244 424143 5087726 Removing probe.
13 25 1522 244 423858 5087090 Mkr-33 R500-35
13 23 1522 244 423858 5087091 Starting temp survey, between where just sampled and bio traps. Max 7.5 was for the sampling. Now start for this area, 15, 20, 25, 30, moving probe to backside, 8, 9,10. Looking SW flow seems be coming out this side of the crack.
13 29 1522 252 423650 5086840 Mkr-33 slab o' rock R500-36
13 28 1522 243 424217 5086791 Moving to the other side of the osmo samplers. Repositioning ROPOS to the end of the crack. Down on the east end of the block. Positioning probe. Pump on at 13:3. 10, 7, steady at 7, moving slightly to strb.
13 32      Moving probe along the crack up to back near the osmos as get closer. Return to port end of crack. Most we got around here was 10.3 Pump keeps going off. Up to 13
13 37 1522 216 423860 5087100 ROPOS is moving down the other side to look for venting from other cracks. Not much is flowing out of this other side. Moving farther away, looking for any venting. Appears to be a little venting from another crack. Setting down.
13 41 1522 108 423847 5087099 Positioning probe in the crack. Looks like a broken up pavement. Putting probe in small crack. 3, 5, 6 deg so far. Tmax=6.5 C. Removing probe. ROPOS is moving, reprobing another area Tmax=6
13 45 1522 125 423849 5087100 Time to come up. ROPOS has left the Bottom at 13:46. ROPOS is moving back to cage.
13 48 1509 67 423862 5087089 Appear to be getting hydraulic oil in the water. Red droplets.
13 51 1491 260 423862 5087089 Tapes off.
13 52 1490 249 423890 5087096 ROPOS is back in the cage and starting to head for the surface. Game over.
       Dive Summary: HFS, suction, gastight and nisken samples were taken at various vents (Old Worms, Old Flow, Nascent, Mkr-33, and Cloud). 25 samples collected in all. Video mapping of Cloud Vent. Imagenex survey at end of dive.



    Dive R501
      Dive Plan: "Geobiodive" to finish mapping and sampling the contacts of the 1998 lava deploy the time lapse camera at Mkr-33 and biological suction samples at Mkr-33 and a bag site."
      Note: Nav fixes not edited in the logs. All fixes were logged, regardless of accuracy. Use the dive plots to determine actual positions. No acoustic nav logged until ROPOS went down second time at JD192 0521. Have nav for rest of dive.
  UTC Hour Min Depth (m) Sub Hdng (deg) UTM X UTM Y Comments Frmgrbs, Photos, Samples
21 37 0 17 423660 5086399 ROPOS in water.
22 51 1522 143 423791 5087129 ROPOS on the bottom.
22 53 1521 172 423810 5087146 At Mkr-33 looking for place to deploy the time lapse camera.
23 2 1523 206 423844 5087107 Camera placed on seafloor. Will be moved into place.
23 9 1521 238 423839 5087128 Photo of time lapse camera in position. Photo 1
23 10 1521 345 423839 5087128 TL camera looking from south R501-1
23 10 1521 350 423839 5087128 Side view of time lapse camera. R50-14
23 11 1520 348 423840 5087125 Frame grab looking from the south, marker 3 in background R501-5
23 11 1522 331 423840 5087121 Side view of camera. R501-6
23 12 1522 78 423840 5087121 looking at TL camera from west to east R501-7
23 12 1522 69 423837 5087118 Head-on view of camera. R501-8
23 13 1519 251 423841 5087131 Looking at TL camera from NE to SW R501-9
23 13 1519 247 423841 5087131 Back view of camera. Photo 2
23 14 1521 243 423844 5087124 TL camera looking SW R501 10
23 14 1521 244 423844 5087124 Backside view of camera. Photo 3 -4
23 15 1522 266 423844 5087124 Back quarter view of camera. Photo 5
23 15 1522 321 423844 5087124 TL camera looking to NW (Camera is looking West) R501-11
23 16 1523 328 423837 5087128 Side view of camera. Photo 7 - 9
23 18 1520 247 423844 5087123 TL camera - ROPOS is looking to SW R501-12
23 19 1520 237 423844 5087123 TL camera - ROPOS looking to SW R501-13
23 20 1521 245 423844 5087127 Another one R501-14
23 27 1522 293 423841 5087131 side view of time lapse camera in position at Mkr-33 R501-15
23 28 1523 295 423841 5087131 close-up of time lapse camera in position R501-16
23 36 1524 358 423836 5087138 Picked up suction sampler with 5 function.
23 39 1523 348 423844 5087107 Suction sample in jar 1 of bacterial mats at Mkr-33. SS-j1_mat

_R501-1

23 47 1521 338 423846 5087110 Looking at site to possibly reposition camera
23 51 1518 199 423984 5086851 Decided to move camera back ~15 cm.
23 56 1523 236 423846 5087105 ROPOS positioning Time Lapse Camera R501-17
23 56 1523 232 423846 5087105 Camera moved 15-20 cm back from its original position.
23 57 1522 233 423753 5087352 Area to south of camera R501-18
23 58 1522 242 423845 5087111 Area being viewed by Time Lapse Camera R501-19
23 58 1522 249 423845 5087111 Backside view of new camera position. Photo 10 - 11
23 59 1522 328 423845 5087108 What camera is looking at R50120
23 59 1522 330 423845 5087108 Side view of timer lapse camera. Photo 12
0 0 1521 291 423844 5087107 Mkr-33 vent. Photo 13
0 1 1523 264 423844 5087115 What NeMO camera would look at R501-21
0 3 1522 215 423847 5087114 Video survey along crack on heading 215.
0 4 1521 211 423845 5087118 What NeMO Camera would look at R501-22
0 4 1520 216 423845 5087118 End if video survey.
0 8 1498 270 423845 5087118 Traveling 165m on course 213 to south of Mkr-33 to begin geological traverses over new lava. Target name is Geotran"."
1 20 1502 221 422463 5085383 Have arrived at beginning of geotransect, 560m SW of Mkr-113.
1 22 1520 59 422893 5085729 Descending to seafloor, going to West of contact and going to drive East across it. stay tuned.
1 23 1527 98 422893 5085729 At bottom. Se sediment in pockets around lavas - Bob says old stuff.
1 24 1532 91 422907 5085745 Smaller lobate flows look quite black. Lots of sediment. Older flow-old or intermediate? Photo-14
1 27 1531 87 422891 5085740 Large pillows up at the slope. Moving the ship along this transect due East to look for contacts.
1 29 1528 93 422911 5085734 Starfish in photo. Photo 15 - 16
1 30 1529 92 422917 5085741 Holothurian, ophiuroids on lava.
1 31 1528 87 422911 5085746 good fix. Rattail.
1 32 1531 85 422917 5085734 good fixes. Older than intermediate says Bill. Quite a bit of sediment, says Bob. Crab.
1 33 1534 89 422930 5085720 Some sponges, lots of ophiuroids, brown sediment, anemone. Trying to get close-ups of surface to see how old the lavas are.
1 34 1534 98 422949 5085688 Lots of holothurians.
1 35 1535 94 422956 5085680 Definite brownish tint on the surface of the larger pillow lavas, although it looks really glassy. Surprising! "Key is to look closely at the lava" - Bob.
1 36 1534 94 422966 5085689 good fix.
1 37 1534 94 422974 5085695 Lavas look glassy from a distance, but when zoom in, they do look quite old. Large anemone. Photo-17
1 38 1534 98 422980 5085699 Another anemone. Holothurians. Lots of ophiuroids. Photo-18
1 39 1534 93 423001 5085708 Empty tubeworm tube. Ophiuroids. Grayer members of the same lava flow. Rattail. Large pillow lavas. Photo-19
1 41 1532 99 423011 5085715 Mike Perfit likes the look of the rocks too. Its a geo love fest! Still on old lavas.
1 42 1531 100 423029 5085716 Anemone, Bob thinks this is the same flow, although there is some discussion that this might be a contact. Anemone again. Bob thinks this is the same flow still. Starfish.
1 43 1532 116 423033 5085700 As get in close, can see more sediment, little sponges, holos, ophiuroids and they don't look as young as they do from far away.
1 44 1532 114 423047 5085696 good fix. Tube-like animal sticking out from under lavas. Lots of ophiuroids and holos. Little sponges.
1 47 1531 112 423083 5085701 Come up about 6 or 7 meters since we've been driving. good fixes. Lava looks glassy, but still older flow.
1 49 1531 109 423102 5085703 Continuing East, lavas are becoming more lobate-now back into more pillows, but not seeing the larger ones anymore. Photo-20
1 49 1530 113 423112 5085704 good fixes here. Holos, sediment pockets.
1 50 1529 113 423122 5085704 Aren't as many sponges and ophiuroids, at contact.
1 51 1529 115 423128 5085707 good fix. P-code is going down. At contact. Stopping the ship. Zooming in. Photo 21 - 22
1 52 1530 116 423143 5085705 Contact-the younger lava of the two. R501-23
1 53 1530 114 423142 5085705 Does look like younger lava, but there are some ophiuroids, a couple of holothurians and some sediment. Ship is stopped.
1 54 1530 106 422720 5085324 Looks like a very similar type of flow as we've been traversing, but don't have as much sessile fauna on them.
1 55 1530 86 422721 5085323 We're going to take a piece of rock. Taking the younger rock of the contact.
1 59 1530 46 423141 5085704 Very glassy rock under surface-can't get a grab. Going to take a suction sample instead.
2 9 1530 63 423142 5085704 Having trouble with the suction sampling-its stuck.
2 15 1530 61 423142 5085708 Suction sampler jammed and two lights are out.
2 22 1530 65 423143 5085709 Sub coming back up. Light on camera is out. Quick turnaround and then back down again.
3 8 204 7 422440 5086972 Notice: We will not change the dive number, even though ROPOS will come to the surface for repairs. I've been informed that the dive number only changes when we do pre-dives and post-dive procedures
3 10 146 23 422440 5086972 ROPOS is back on deck to fix the suction sampler and replace the lights.
3 54 2 145 422440 5086972 ROPOS back in the water. Going down to Contact W10 to continue dive.
3 54 2 145 422440 5086972 CORRECTION: ROPOS BACK IN THE WATER AT 0413.
5 1 1253 250 423058 5085723 Continuation of Dive R501. Fixed the connector to the camera light and pulled a large piece of whole rock out of the suction sampler carousel that was jamming the rotating mechanism. Have acoustic nav from this point till end of dive.
5 21 1531 274 423103 5085725 On the bottom. Looks like older with many sessile organisms. Many brittle stars. wandering around a bit to find a broken piece to sample. Could be 50 m west of contact with Age 2 pillows.
5 25 1533 16 423048 5085709 prospective samples R501-26
5 26 1534 22 423074 5085738 3050 5709 was a good fix
5 25 1533 17 423048 5085709 good fix. Trying to get a sample on large pillow. 3050 5709. Surface looks older. Photo 23
5 28 1533 30 423048 5085711 really glassy R501-27
5 29 1533 31 423047 5085709 Taking pillow sample. sample 2 R501-29
5 31 1533 18 423047 5085714 Can't pick up glassy top of pillow so going to slurp glass into Jar J3. SS-j3_rck

_R501-2

5 38 1533 348 423047 5085709 resorting to suction sampler R501-30
5 42 1533 348 423045 5085709 Finished taking sample 2 of old (age 3?) top of pillow lava.
5 44 1533 84 422351 5087104 Many dense small stalked organisms on lava surfaces Photo 23
5 47 1533 70 421936 5085735 surface of intermediate flow R501-31
5 47 1533 70 421936 5085735 Fairly extensive sponges and sediment pockets. Holothurians, lavas getting more lobate in form.
5 48 1532 101 423065 5085727 Heading east. Anemone in older lavas. Photo 26
5 49 1532 62 423360 5085449 Crab and fish. still in old lavas
5 52 1531 114 423112 5085734 contact between new lava and old(er) R501-33
5 51 1531 108 423112 5085734 Big sponges and now at contact with large well formed pillows, Well formed pillows and large tubes. Quite glassy with few sessile organisms. A little less sed. Photos 28-29
5 56 1530 122 422711 5085334 Close up of surface of larger pillow. Photo 30
6 0 1531 91 423127 5085716 Trying to grab a sample of small tube, toe in lobates but not having much luck. Going for the suck.
6 2 1531 99 423185 5085742 Going to sample in Jar #7. SS-j7_rck

_R501-3

6 6 1531 106 422626 5085255 Finished sampling slurp 7. Younger of two flows at contact. Age 2 flows.
6 10 1528 92 423136 5085713 Heading east again. Glassy nature of lobes, not much life a few holothurians, not to many brittle stars. they appear to be smaller in size. Not much sed in pockets either Photo 32 - 33
6 11 1529 86 423258 5085964 Inter-pillow sediments R501-34
6 12 1530 122 423149 5085720 Of surface of the large younger pillow. Photo 35
6 15 1530 194 423152 5085709 Continuing east. Small amounts of Fe sed between lobes and pillows. Quite a few holothurians. Still some large pillows. Area has been flat over a long distance. Some very glassy tubes coming from the pillow bottoms. Photo 36
6 19 1532 124 423157 5085652 Contact with jumbled flow that has alot of sponges, possible kipuka.
6 20 1531 69 423178 5085656 Going over a collapse zone with bathtub rings on walls. to the east. along the collapse are lobates that could be the younger lobates Ph-39
6 25 1532 336 423200 5085668 Archway with new lavas a top older flow R501-35
6 25 1532 9 423200 5085668 Younger truncated lavas overlying the collapse structure. Pictures 40-43
6 26 1532 6 423202 5085670 contact of younger on older collapse R501-36
6 26 1532 6 423202 5085670 Surface contact R501-37
6 26 1532 354 423200 5085669 another R501-38
6 27 1531 336 423200 5085670 drip R501-41
6 27 1530 257 423308 5085147 Drip structure into the collapse. Photo 45
6 28 1529 265 422062 5085241
 6 33 1531 98 423270 5085708 Taking a sample near the collapse in some broken up lobes. It is unclear if this is underlying older or the same age as the last sample (3). We don't appear to be in the collapse pit now but it is very broken up. Rck_R501-4
6 35 1532 112 423237 5085669 sample #4, lava chunk R501-42
6 35 1532 114 423237 5085669 Sample 4 R501-43
6 36 1532 114 423237 5085668 Putting the sample 4 on the proceed BioBox. Far back left division. Blocky sample with good layer of glass and a layer below it.
6 39 1529 258 423236 5085668 After sampling we are heading east again. Collapse area again to the NE. Driving east in younger lavas. A bit more sediment but not much sessile life on lobates Photo 46.
6 41 1531 102 422721 5085172 More broken up pillows, appears to be same unit that sample 3 and 4 were in. Looks like an older flow kipuka now.
6 42 1531 96 423259 5085677 Back into age 2 lavas. Flow must be fairly thin. Mixture of pillows and small glassy tubes and lobes. Some flatter lobes to.
6 45 1529 100 423326 5085682 Waiting for the ship. Appears to be more sed. between lobes - possibly some hydrothermal sed.
6 48 1530 106 423335 5085678 Small scale venting activity due to telltale staining on lava flow R501-44
6 48 1531 103 423335 5085678 Some hydrothermal (FE) staining on lower portions of lobes.
6 51 1530 102 423345 5085673 Same flow but glass on surface looks more broken up, more glass in sediment pockets. More yellowish hydrothermal sed between pillows. We are on the joystick line. Photo 48-51
6 55 1529 97 423366 5085682 Venting must be going on. lots of Fe between lobes. Same line as Joystick. Photo 52
6 58 1530 101 423395 5085682 Getting out of hydrothermal area. Surface is like age 2 again but there are some older sponge covered pillows sticking up.
6 59 1530 102 423411 5085681 Stopping to get sample of age 2? or is it '98 flow? Hard to tell Rck_R501-5
7 3 1530 118 423241 5086138 sample #5, port front geobox R501-45
7 2 1530 117 423411 5085680 Sample from a crust of a hollowed out lobe. Sort of stubby with thin glass, angular edges x=3411 y=5680 position. Went into the front port BioBox.
7 4 1530 93 423238 5086148
 7 4 1530 93 423238 5086148 Location of sample 5 R501-46
7 6 1530 91 423232 5086164 Heading east after sampling.
7 7 1529 93 423234 5086163 Still looks like age 2 lavas. No colonization, but light dusting of sed. Not much sed in pockets. Mostly small lobes, not many pillows.
7 12 1527 91 423432 5085680 This is a good fix. Hanging out waiting for ship to move east.
7 15 1529 95 423433 5085678 Believe we are still in age 2 lavas with no sessile organisms and light sed cover. Uniformly flat lobates with some shallow collapse, some hydrothermal staining.
7 17 1528 97 422914 5085159 Some bio. Bacterial Mat on cracks in lobates. More iron staining and sed in cracks. but rapidly getting out of zone of microbial mats. Some yellow staining or sed on lobes.
7 19 1528 96 423474 5085687 Deep collapse area with plume emanating from the edge.
7 20 1529 344 423474 5085687 area of collapse with slight venting under it. R501-47
7 20 1528 341 423475 5085683 Edge of collapse .bacterial mat R50148
7 20 1528 90 422929 5085152 On edge of collapse. can se sheet flows on base of collapse. Lineated sheets trending SW.
7 23 1530 86 422980 5085846 Stopping to get sample from eastern edge of collapse in lineated sheet flows. Moderate sed. cover. Sample 6. Photo 56
7 26 1530 88 423491 5085695 Suction sample of glass from sheet flow R501-49
7 23 1530 85 423493 5085695 good fix. Taking a suction sample in jar #8. Sheets in bottom of collapse looks age 2.
7 27 1530 89 423493 5085694 Sucking lots of sheet flow glass SS-j8_rck

_R501-6

7 31 1530 82 423492 5085695 good fix
7 32 1530 83 423492 5085695 Niskin sample
7 34 1529 80 423491 5085695 aborted niskin
7 36 1528 92 423503 5085699 collapse area, pillars
7 39 1528 95 423524 5085680 lobate flows, seds more evenly distributed due to larger flat areas
7 40 1528 93 423534 5085680 lobate flows photo 57
7 42 1528 96 423550 5085680 collapse area, pillars
7 43 1529 86 423557 5085679 SE-NW trending collapse area, sheet flows in bottom
7 45 1531 93 423579 5085680 good fix, sheet flows, jumbled lava at edge of collapse
7 47 1529 99 423591 5085680 In collapse area, jumbled lava in bottom, broken lava toes/tubes, still interim age lava
7 49 1529 96 423614 5085683 small sponges on jumbled lava surface
7 51 1529 94 423628 5085684 good fix
7 54 1529 100 423655 5085682 back out to small section of roof, then back into ropy floor of shallow collapse
7 57 1530 92 423687 5085680 good fix, collapse area, jumbled lavas
8 4 1530 93 423752 5085670 Continuing in very jumbled and chaotic sheets, a bit of hydrothermal sed. in pockets. Should be nearing the new flow contact. Could be a edge of collapse zone.
8 5 1529 93 423774 5085668 Jumbled up flow with hydrothermal sediment. Now we're back into the regular jumbled folded up crust. Photo-58
8 7 1529 98 423797 5085666 Still in the collapsed area filed with jumbled lava.
8 10 1529 97 423830 5085666 Murky water in the sit camera.
8 11 1529 92 423834 5085666 Some ropy lavas mixed in with the jumble.
8 11 1530 91 423839 5085667 Looks like a bit of a drop of here- the sheet is tilted down.
8 12 1530 96 423842 5085667 More flat sheet surface.
8 12 1530 92 423846 5085668 More lineated lava. 3847 5668
8 14 1529 91 423862 5085667 We're stopping the ship to take a sample.
8 14 1530 88 423862 5085667 Slabs of lava where we're going to sample. Photo-59
8 15 1531 100 423864 5085667 Slab of rock Rck_R501-7
8 15 1531 101 423869 5085666 We're at the edge of a shallow collapse-a jumbled broken up area- trying to get the sample.
8 16 1530 100 422776 5084539 3865 5668 good fix for this sample. Photo-60
8 17 1531 100 423865 5085668 Chunk of rock from collapse R501-50
8 17 1531 99 423865 5085668 Placed sample in starboard BioBox. Slaby piece of sheet flow with glass on the top- longer than it is wide or thick.
8 19 1528 88 423864 5085667 Continuing east. Lobates on top of jumbled sheet flow. Light sediment cover. No sessile fauna living here.
8 21 1530 88 423877 5085670 Lineated, folded, a few curtains.
8 21 1529 96 424086 5086092 Lots of collapse around pillars, a few lobates stuck out on top of it.
8 23 1529 102 423904 5085672 Out of the collapse area, into some continuous roofs and lobates.
8 24 1528 94 423910 5085668 Large deep skylight.
8 25 1529 91 423917 5085667 Extensive field of lobates. Looks very solid.
8 26 1529 94 423928 5085664 Shallow collapse with lobates.
8 28 1529 94 423937 5085660 Ropy textures on the surface, drop down where big pieces have fallen down the little pieces. More sediment down in the collapse.
8 29 1529 84 423749 5085626 Big pillars, slabs.
8 30 1529 96 424329 5086033 More lobates. Strobe didn't work on picture. Photo-61
8 31 1529 96 425196 5085578 Deep collapse area with lobates on the top Photo-62
8 32 1529 94 423968 5085661 Fair amount of sediment on top of collapsed and jumbled pieces on the bottom.
8 33 1529 97 423964 5085658 Looks like we've found some contact. Black stuff over lightly sedimented lobes.
8 33 1529 98 423973 5085662 Contact new lava. lightly sedimented lobes R501-51
8 34 1529 92 423995 5085660 Stopping the ship to take a sample. Last 5 strobes on the camera didn't work. Photo 63 - 65
8 35 1529 104 423993 5085661 Dark, reflective, hydrothermal sediment on these new "lavas."
8 36 1529 136 424323 5086076 Some brittle stars on this new "flow."
8 37 1529 128 424323 5086076 We're going to look around a little bit more before sampling to make sure this really is contact - Bill is not convinced.
8 39 1529 94 423992 5085652 Having difficulty figuring out what this really is. Sediments in cracks of lobates, few organisms.
8 41 1529 90 424054 5085932 Going to drive 50 m to the west then driving back this direction to se if we can find the supposed contact.
8 41 1529 352 423998 5085660 White staining on some exploded lobe.
8 42 1528 274 423995 5085662 Back into collapsed areas again.
8 43 1529 278 423995 5085662 Turning back east again, heading a little bit north so we don't go over the exact same stuff.
8 44 1529 88 424147 5086082 Light dusting of sediment.
8 45 1528 93 423995 5085667 Not really striking new flow. A little bit glassier. Heading east, a collapse with lots of sediment on the fallen blocks.
8 45 1529 84 424000 5085670 The batteries are dead in the camera again.
8 46 1529 83 423214 5084939 Computer lock up.
8 47 1529 83 424014 5085670 We're coming up of the bottom to try to reboot.
8 51 1484 252 423995 5085654 Going back down now.
8 53 1461 316 423998 5085653 We're going back up to the cage now, not the bottom.
8 54 1451 336 423069 5085182 Going back down to 150.
9 2 1504 59 423024 5084699 Doing some tether management.
9 3 1527 140 423024 5084699 Going back to the bottom again.
9 4 1528 103 423024 5084699 Well formed lobates, sediments in the pockets.
9 4 1529 99 423974 5085644 3974 5645 Pretty glassy, with sediment. Skylight.
9 4 1529 102 423978 5085644 Heading east.
9 6 1529 104 425206 5085559 Glassy surfaces, light sediment cover, accumulated sediment between the lobes. Some brittle stars.
9 10 1529 95 423528 5085914 Some brittle stars on these lobates. Continuing the line east.
9 18 1530 101 425194 5085574 More sediment right in here, still looking for the contact.
9 22 1529 104 422892 5084422 Ropy lineated flow with a lot of sediments at the bottom of this collapse.
9 23 1528 101 424098 5085653 Back onto the lobate surface - similar looking surfaces.
9 25 1529 101 422871 5084368 Old flow sticking out - near the contact.
9 25 1530 100 424033 5085651 Pockets of old lava sticking through the new. Jumbled lavas.
9 27 1531 112 424123 5085645 4120 5647 good fix of where the contact is.
9 28 1531 113 422879 5084349 Area near contact where there are a few patches of jumbled older flow sticking through.
9 30 1531 105 424146 5085644 Contact R501-53
9 30 1531 105 424146 5085644 Contact is found. Stopping to sample.
9 31 1532 101 423726 5084996 Grabbing an old jumbled piece of lava. 4178 5646 Rck_R501-8
9 44 1533 157 424183 5085645 Still trying to sample this rock.
9 39 1533 146 424114 5085646 Will try to grab a chunk of this old flow lava R501-54
9 50 1533 162 424967 5085437 Placing the rock sample in the starboard BioBox.
9 53 1533 152 423168 5085064 Moving to get a piece of the new flow from the contact.
9 54 1533 153 423168 5085064 Contact new lava. will try to get a sample R501-55
10 2 1533 267 424178 5085632 Sampling the new flow
10 3 1533 263 424123 5085633 Trying to get a sample of new flow R501-56
10 5 1533 248 424196 5085631 Instead of a grab, we're going to try to slurp this rock sample. SS-4_rck_R501-9
10 7 1533 233 424111 5085630 x=4188 y=5637 Where we are suctioning.
10 8 1533 252 425206 5085564 Suction sample of glass on newer lava R501-57
10 9 1533 255 424190 5085634 Jar 4 is filled with little pieces of basalt. Very successful suctioning.
10 10 1533 255 424133 5085633 Now we're going to head north, 35, and follow the contact. Where we sampled we could se the little tube that fed this lava pillow. Neat-o.
10 12 1533 254 423168 5085048 We're going 350, 40m.
10 12 1533 316 423204 5084746 heading north, about 350 degrees, along the contact
10 18 1530 358 424180 5085707 younger flow contact appears to have jogged to west
10 21 1530 5 424136 5085723 following contact between jumbled older flow and darker new flow, to NW
10 23 1529 352 424126 5085730 4126 5730 good fix.
10 25 1528 353 424124 5085751 Jumbled sheets, lots of sediments in the pockets, lobates.
10 27 1528 348 424116 5085778 Not seeing tubes or jumbled flow. A bit flatter now.
10 29 1528 353 424118 5085791 Furry stuff growing on the lavas. This is older.
10 29 1528 351 424115 5085794 Transitioned rapidly from the boundary into flat lobates and sheet flows with a lot of sediment pockets. Moving the ship so we can move west more now.
10 31 1528 348 424111 5085823 Lots of brittle stars, furry stuff, sediment pockets, etc.
10 32 1529 353 424113 5085836 Looks like new lava filing up an old collapse.
10 33 1529 359 424114 5085842 New flow filling in a collapse R501-58
10 33 1529 351 424114 5085842 We've lost p-code. We're still going north, northwest. Looking at the new lavas.
10 34 1529 355 424118 5085850 Still in the newer lava, little bits of sediment pockets. Surface of the glass is fairly clean, glassy tubes and fingers extending out.
10 34 1528 353 424120 5085854 Can see contact.
10 36 1528 357 424122 5085872 They think we have P-code back now. We're hanging out until we figure out if we can move the cage.
10 39 1529 352 424125 5085882 We're in an older area with collapses, sheet flows, nice pillar with a hole down the middle.
10 40 1528 322 424124 5085884 Massive lineated sheet flow with a lot of sediment. It is heading to the southwest.
10 42 1530 338 424119 5085898 ROPOS is east of contact. Over sedimented ropy lavas.
10 43 1530 342 424114 5085902 Push up structures. Large blocks. Higher to west. Sheet flow down below. End of tether.
10 45 1530 334 424100 5085919 Extensive area of sheets. Except for sediment it doesn't seem that old. Jogging to the East.
10 46 1529 331 423972 5086186 SE SE seems to be the lineation direction. Changed to broken up, folded sheets. Up a short wall. Very jumbled pile of sheets at the top.
10 47 1528 330 424099 5085958 Jumbled sheets do not have much animal cover. Back into lobates with a lot of sediment in between. Looks old, more brittle stars and sediments.
10 49 1527 329 424084 5085986 Low relief lobates, lots of sediment between the lobates. Rattail. Back into jumbled sheets. Back into lobates again.
10 51 1525 330 424065 5085998 Jumbled flows with sessile animals at the tops. A little collapse, a few short pillars. Contact with new lava, lobates. Mixed area, old jumbled with new lobates. A few brittle stars. Sediment in the cracks of lobates.
10 55 1527 334 425217 5086016 Back into the sheet flow. Lots of sediments. Lineations running the WNW. Trying to determine if seds are hydrothermal. No indication that they are.
10 57 1527 337 425215 5086034 Back up to lobates. Pretty glassy.
10 58 1526 335 424048 5086070 Contact. Ship will stop and turn to due west. Large fish rat tail. good contact. Turning west now 1100
11 2 1526 280 424025 5086074 contact, blacker and glassier on left R501-61
11 1 1526 273 424040 5086080 Crossing southern most area that we saw last year. Big block, talus drain-out area. Jumbled area, lobates lapping up against older lobate drain out. Contact w/ blacker and glassier with older reddish lavas.
11 6 1525 268 424010 5086074 Drain out. Moving again. Sediment almost covers the ropes. Piece of roof. Up onto the young lobate flows. Real glassy, very little on them. crab, flatter lobate, still glassy fronts to the lobes. Sheet flow, collapse.
11 9 1524 272 423986 5086069 Slope coming from the right. Ropy and lineated sheet flows coming down the slope. Broken up sheets. Some collapse. Jumbled ridge. Some staining on jumbled rocks. Heading west. Collapse in the jumbled flow. Very chaotic.
11 12 1524 269 423928 5086067 Huge, not sure what it is. Big blocks. Large ridges. About 3 meters of relief. Sediment on the top of a ridge. Big depression. We have gone down a couple of meters. Push up ridge with orange oxide deposits. Looks like a wick.
11 16 1524 262 423889 5086065 In an area of deep depression. Some flock in the water.
11 18 1525 268 424057 5086481 Jumbled lavas, with ridges. Looks like it's getting deeper. At the edge of deepest part of basin. Lineated flows at the bottom. Lineated flows trend S to SW. Some of the sediments here are hydrothermal. Pieces of white flock.
11 21 1529 269 423844 5086057 Deepest was about 16.5 meters, now back up. Looks like mat coverage. Big plates, turned up on their side. Pahoehoe lava. Stop the ship. Plan to take a sample.
11 25 1529 276 423829 5086069 Attempting to take a sample in the mat covered, ropy sheets. Grabbing with claw.
11 26 1529 277 423831 5086069 rock sample into forward strb. Rck_R501-10
11 28 1529 275 423830 5086069 Second pieces, (rock broke into two). Both in stbrd front. Check gauges.
11 33 1529 276 423812 5086071 new or interim flow, mat on surface R501-62
11 31 1529 276 423215 5085317 Panning camera. Mat on the surface. Looks like deflated bag creatures.
11 34 1529 277 423214 5085313 closer view of mat on rocks R501-63
11 34 1529 276 423833 5086069 Will attempt to take a SS j4 of mat. Kim's highlight tape. Flushing the hose into bottle 4. Positioning to J4. Start sample pump 11:40, material is not being sampled yet. Need to get closer to surface. Now getting material. Pump off 11:50 SS-j4_mat

_R501-11

11 52 1529 275 423828 5086066 Going to head West across the new lava field. Small mounds of hydrothermal iron. Some white floc? A lot of iron deposits. Ridges of jumbled lava. Patchy mat covering. Big piles of jumbled, large ridge several meters high.
11 58 1524 276 423786 5086068 In a venting area now. White mat, large crab, lots of floc, more mat. Waiting for the cage. Cage motor off. White filmy mat.
12 1 1523 273 423789 5086069 Moving west again. White staining , bacterial mat, so far no major flow areas w/ tube worms, etc. Some tube worms. Down in an inaccessible pit area. Shimmering water. Lots of Fe sediments, perhaps some active places. Lots of iron sediments.
12 6 1524 271 423867 5085664 Getting out of venting area. Lineate going S. Flat lineated flows. Lots of orange-tan sediment. Flows are glassy when they do crop out.
12 9 1525 264 423720 5086056 Continuing west over ropy, lineated flows. Ropes becoming larger. Lots of mounds of orange hydrothemal sediment. Thick pockets of iron rich seds.
12 13 1524 274 423661 5086047 Fe mat, orange seds R501-65
12 12 1524 255 423671 5086049 Thick deposits of iron rich seds. Moving west again. Jumbled ridges of pahoehoe lava. Lots of sediment. Steve's highlights on. Back into jumbled. Coming out of depression. Into glassy lobates. Collapse pit. Lobate on the other side.
12 17 1521 268 423578 5086056 Big lobates, younger, lightly sedimented. Brittle stars. Big drain out.
12 19 1521 271 423554 5086068 R501-66
12 19 1521 266 423554 5086068 Pit large drain out. Stop Steve's tape. Looking older. Back over lobate. Don't see the mat. Another drain out w/ lots of sediment at the bottom. At least 2 meters dep. Almost looked like a contact.
12 24 1520 274 423500 5086064 thin roof near collapse R501-67
12 22 1521 276 423515 5086063 Lobates w/ brittle star, small sponges and holothurians. Drain out skylight. Don't see large sponges. Deep drain out pit, thin roof 10 cm. Big blocks in bottom. Younger against older? Small pockets of sediment.
12 25 1521 287 423475 5086064 "Older" spire in collapse lots of large sponges on it younger lavas nearby R501-68
12 25 1521 270 423481 5086065 Drain out. Spire with lots of large sponges. Older spire with lots of glassy debris. one with a crab on it. Spires appeared to be older, because they had so many sponges on them.
12 27 1521 271 423456 5086069 Back over lobate, with small sediment accumulation. No mat. There are brittle star. Collapse area w/chaotic lava. Lots of sponges on lava. Stop the ship on ridge of jumbled lava. Will try to grab for a rock.
12 30 1522 291 423442 5086093 Grabbing a rock, older w/ sponges, attempting to place it in the port box. Right front of port box. Into the box. Free sponge included. Rck_R501-12
12 33 1521 304 423441 5086088 Starting the ship again. Drain back, on the top is a lineated flow w/ sponges on it. Still in a collapse area. A couple levels of collapse.
12 34 1520 301 423411 5086077 Change VCR tapes. Lobates w/ holothorian and gorgonian. Water is murkier. Black glassy lobate flows with small amount of sediment. Drain pit. 1 meter collapse area. Gauge check.
12 38 1523 283 423353 5086075 contact, very fresh now - so previous wasn't 1998 R501-70
12 38 1523 284 423353 5086075 Contact with new flow. Stop the ship to take a core sample.
12 41 1523 252 423348 5086076 good fix. Looking at contact. Brittle stars on older, small sponges. New black, glassy overlapping new lava. Will try to get one core on each side of the contact.
12 47 1524 257 422335 5085068 Will take core with the black stripes first. Grabbing w/ 5 function. Transferring to 7 function. Taking core, 12:49.second try, still not much, still trying, got it. Rck_core

_R501-13

12 54      Mashing glass into wax on the bio-box at a glass free spot. Going back for more glass on the chapstick corer. Mashing into BioBox, but it seems to reduce the amount of sample on the chapstick. Sample complete 1302
13 4 1524 263 423348 5086073 Moving to older side of the contact. Much lighter albedo, more seds. more brittle stars. Breaking up the surface. Lifting the chapstick corer ( yellow striped). Grabbing corer with the 7 function arm.
13 7 1523 296 423349 5086075 Attempting to collect core. Again attempting to mash the glass into the wax on the bio-box lids. Lost much of sample, will try to smash and smear back on. It seemed to work. Good amount of sample. Will go into bag directly, positioned on the other side Rck_core

_R501-14

      of the bag from the first sample. Appear to scrape some wax on BioBox. Finished with sample in the bag at 1314
13 15 1524 295 422336 5085066 Attempting to trip Niskin. Tripped at 13:16. Evil Niskin strikes again. Ring is caught on 5 function. Free. Grabbing suction sampler handle. Niskin_R501-15
12 41 1524 254 423349 5086075 close-up of contact, likely 1998 flow R501-71
13 19 1523 292 423348 5086073 Ready to move West. Young lobates. Flat surfaces on the top. Telling the ship to move. Not much on lobates. Not much sediment cover. Holothorian. Waiting for the cage. A few brittle stars. Lobate flows.
13 25 1523 283 423291 5086082 thin roof, at collapse area R501-72
13 24 1523 283 423311 5086072 Continuing West. Black glassy lobes. Collapse area, sediment covered blocks at bottom. Back to lobates. White areas on lobates. Big lobes. Glassy lobes. Lobates on flatter area.
13 29 1523 286 423249 5086080 Lobates tops flat with rounded bottoms. More brittle stars. Lots of yellow iron sediment. Very glassy. Flatter area.
13 32 1523 269 422600 5085461 Lots of broken up lavas, nav not good right now,
13 33 1523 271 423201 5086066 good fix. Flatter flow, bucked up sheet flow. Broken up plates, big brittle star.
13 37 1523 272 423162 5086068 Fairly glassy lobate flows w/ little sediment and some brittle stars.
13 38 1524 277 422534 5085484 Still going over the same kind of lava.
13 41 1525 279 423099 5086072 More sponges, more sediment, looks older. Higher density of brittle stars, may have crossed the contact. Still look like glassy lavas. Whole bunch of sponges.
13 44 1526 306 423067 5086079 Ship is stopped. Getting ready to collect last chapstick sample.
13 46 1526 308 423066 5086078 good fix. Picking up chapstick with 7 function arm. Core has two white stripes on it. Transferring to 5 function arm, regarding with 7 function arm.
13 51 1526 304 423066 5086078 Core sampling, purple core, sample number 16 R501-73
13 49 1526 306 423066 5086078 This is the purple striped chapstick sampler (not white). Starting to core the glass. Atempting to do a light smush into the bio-box. Seems to have worked well. The key is the light smush. Attempting to place the core in Rck_core

_R501-16

14 0 1526 305 423066 5086078 Adjusting cores position in the bag. Bag closed. Regarding the suction sampler arm. Will be returning to cage.
14 6 1500 323 423100 5086078 Back at the cage. Will be doing a 1.5 km transit.
14 11 1423 20 423057 5086016 Beginning transect range 1475 meters, bearing 175 at 1 kt.
15 24 1490 227 423214 5084635 Reached end of transect, going down to the bottom.
15 27 1538 317 423188 5084617 On the bottom. Regrouping the suction sampler because it was flapping. Heading to Crevice to take a dead tube worm grab.
15 33 1536 2 423478 5083771 Moving the ship 40 m to the NW.
15 41 1537 328 423190 5084637 We are approaching a crevice, not THE Crevice. Big Keith is doing the air drums.
15 42 1536 322 423175 5084649 good fix. A small, scraggly bush of tube worms. Maia is getting greedy - waiting for the big bush.
15 44 1536 323 423169 5084655 Lava really isn't looking any different from the newer stuff that we've seen all along.
15 45 1536 318 423157 5084638 We are looking around for a good grab - down into the collapsed area. Lobates still with a light coating of sediment/debris.
15 48 1537 140 423399 5084861 Old tube worms and crab on edge of crevice. R501-74
15 47 1538 101 422817 5084266 Crab full of eggs. Nice view of the wall of the crevice. Some scanty tube worms on the wall. More crabs.
15 49 1537 79 423163 5084654 Hit the edge of the crevice. Lateraling back along the crevice - moving east now. Crevice is around 5 m dep.
15 51 1538 129 423152 5084633 Turned the corner in the crevice -now hdg almost due south. Finding a few larger tube worm bushes on the wall. Some larger bushes on the lobates on the roof. Tube worms all along the cracks between the lobates. TONS of crabs.
15 54 1536 48 423166 5084617 Still on the roof. Looking for the crevice again. Jackpot - down in the crevice there is a huge clump of tube worms. A couple vent fish and a couple crabs.
  15 57      A bit of flow, but doesn't look like there is much fauna besides a few live tube worms and a couple scale worms. x=3177 y=4620 good fix. Going in for the grab at 1557 Bio_R501-17
16 10 1539 35 423178 5084641 Just had a litle bit of an avalanche on top of the tube worm bush. Finished sampling. Keith just said that this is NOT part of the crevice, but just a hole in the roof.
       Taking a quick look around to see what the area looks like - if there are any more large tube worm bushes about.
16 13 1538 269 423171 5084630 Tubeworm bush lacking much of the other fauna you normally see. R501-75
16 12 1538 243 423170 5084630 All the tube worm bushes on top of the lobate roof look smaller - possibility that they are new worms since the eruption. Can't see any other fauna on the bushes.But the worms of the grab we just took look too large to be new since the '98 eruption.
16 15 1531 87 423175 5084631 End of dive. Heading back to the cage and coming up.
       ROPOS on deck at 1711 UTC
       Dive Summary: This dive began by deploying the time lapse camera at Mkr-33 and collecting a suction sample. Next ROPOS transited to the west side of the 1998 lava flow, SW of Mkr-113 and started a geologic traverse due east.
       ROPOS started the dive in older lavas and drove east to the contact with younger lava when the dive had to be temporarily stopped because the connector to the color camera light got pulled out and the suction sampler jammed.
       After a quick turn around, the dive resumed at the western contact - driving east and taking rock samples all the way to the eastern contact between younger and older lavas. ROPOS then drove north along the eastern contact for about 400 meters and
      then traversed back to the west in lavas known to be '98. A section of clearly older lava was crossed just north of Mkr-113, then back into '98 lava, and finally back into older lava again. 13 rock samples were collected during these two traverses.
      Finally, ROPOS transited 1.5 km south to the Crevice Vent site to collect a tube worm grab.



    Dive R502
      Dive Plan: Objectives of ASHES Dive: 1) Sample high temperature fluids at Hell, Inferno and Virgin. 2) Sample diffuse flow at 2 diffuse flow sites. 3) Suction sample FeOxide and it's fluid at west wall.
       4) Suction sample sulfide worms at base of Hell (Porkchop) and Hillock/Phoenix. 5) Sulfide worm behavioral observations at Phoenix. 6) Suction sample clams and other large animals, if encountered.
      7) Suction sample particulates for edifice tube worm grab site. 8) Suction sample oxides to south of vent field. 9) Recover High temp HOBO at Virgin. 10) Recover SOSUS sound source.
      Note: Nav fixes not edited in the logs. All fixes were logged, regardless of accuracy. Use the dive plots to determine actual positions.
  UTC Hour Min Depth (m) Sub Hdng (deg) UTM X UTM Y Comments Frmgrbs, Photos, Samples
      In the water at 00:30
1 17 462 213 421651 5087115 Fluid Sampler and flush pump now up and working.
1 54 1245 70 421651 5087115 Lost P-code.
2 12 1513 353 421457 5087153 Ropos is out of its cage. First sampling target, diffus vents.
2 14 1542 318 421457 5087153 Bottom in view. Older lavas with sponges. East side of field with oxide deposits.
2 16 1542 317 421458 5087159 1.5 kilometers from summit. Photo 74 from the landing site.
2 17 1543 267 421441 5087181 First target Gollum, but we have virgin mound in view.
2 18 1544 232 421426 5087164 Temperature probe in sight, landing at Gollum.
2 19 1545 237 421411 5087170 Highlight tape in.
2 22 1545 242 421418 5087163 Gollum Vent R502-1
2 22 1545 242 421418 5087163 More views of shimmering water at Gollum.
2 26 1545 220 421414 5087151 Three bacterial traps at Gollum, up to 26 degrees last year and so far we have reached 21 degree.
2 32 1546 287 421426 5087160 Probing for temperature, flush pump keeps shutting down. Now at 16 degrees.
2 38 1546 286 421434 5087168 Having some trouble finding the sweet spot - for temperature, local max about 15 C. Behind the worms it's 22 C. Locking the probe in.
2 41 1546 286 421422 5087167 Gas piston 0241:23 started port side, 0241:13 stopped, max. temp. 2.3. HFS-5_dfl

_R502-1

2 44 1546 288 421197 5087614 Moving probe again, just locked it to stay out of the current. Temperature 20 C. filter started at 0245:32, FISH filter 19 degrees T1, 16 degrees T2
2 51 1546 288 421423 5087160 Lost coms on sampler, no calL out when the FISH sample filter 6 was completed. Now the screens are dark.
2 54 1539 217 421425 5087156 Vehicle telemetry problems, vehicle drifting south. Video just came back.
2 56 1543 70 421412 5087163 Drifting over Dave's vent.
2 58 1544 330 421426 5087156 Now we are back at what we think is Gollum with bacterial traps, buried tripod marker and ropes, one of which might be attached to a temperature probe.
3 2 1546 286 421426 5087159 Maximum temperature measured so far on this second go-around is 10.5 degrees.
3 4 1546 278 421426 5087159 In the video, a bacterial trap can be seen in the lower left and part of the tripod marker in the upper center.
3 5 1546 276 421426 5087160 Description in the previous entry into the log. We are presently testing arm control. R502-2
3 7 1546 279 421415 5087160 Still probing around for maximum temperature, up to 13.5 degrees.
3 8 1546 276 421415 5087160 17.5 degrees, This is the second landing at Gollum. Sampler is now locked into position. R502-3
3 12 1546 278 421414 5087160 FISH sample filter #6 had 680 mls before it was interrupted.
3 14 1546 278 421413 5087160 0313:4 filter #6 restarted, sample HFS6_dfl_R502-2 continuation. HFS-6_dfl

_R502-2

3 15 1546 278 421414 5087162 Sampling HFS6_dfl_R502-2 continuation. R502-4
3 17 1546 278 421414 5087161 03:16:56 stopped sample, maximum temperature 2 degrees 1020 ml pumped, started fluid sample Sterivex DNA filter #7.
3 18 1546 279 421410 5087161 Sterivex DNA filter is HFS7_dfl_R502-3. HFS-7_dfl

_R502-3

3 21 1546 279 421408 5087160 View in the video of what looks like bags growing on the bacterial trap ropes.
3 22 1546 278 421410 5087160 Temperature record is the rope in the video with the loop. There are three bacterial traps here one of which was seen in the last frame grab.
3 23 1546 277 421415 5087160 Filter is slowing down showing signs of loading.
3 27 1546 277 421411 5087159 Stopping sample 03:27:12 maximum temperature 20.2 degrees. HFS7_dfl_R502-3 1450 ml.
3 28 1546 278 421416 5087160 Bacterial traps are located about a meter away. There was little flow near the bacterial traps. T2 on HFS7 averaged about 16 C. 03:30:0 started filter 13 HFS13_dfl_R502-4 3 micro sterivex combo filter. HFS-13_dfl

_R502-4

3 37 1546 278 421414 5087161 1029 ml sample stopped at 037:40 maximum temperature 23.5 C. Next is HFS15_dfl_R502-5 started 038:4. This is a lipid filter. HFS-15_dfl

_R502-5

3 44 1546 278 421411 5087161 Photo of Gollum sampling site, #76.
3 45 1546 277 421413 5087161 Tube worms at Gollum. R502-6
3 46 1546 275 421415 5087160 Palm worms, gastropods and tube worms at Gollum R502-7
3 48 1546 275 421416 5087161 Frame grab of bacterial traps. R502-8
3 49 1546 278 421412 5087162 Palm worms at Gollum. R502-9
3 49 1546 276 421412 5087159 R502-10
3 49 1546 277 421412 5087159 0349:10 max T 24 C as it took 1 minutes. Frame grab was unintentional. R502-11
3 50 1546 275 421412 5087160 Piston 2 about to be taken. Sample pump stopped back on at 03:51:10 or so. Then back of again.
3 52 1546 278 421412 5087159 R502-12
3 52 1546 275 421414 5087161 Pump back on at 03:52:20. Piston 22. HFS-22_dfl

_R502-6

3 56 1547 278 421408 5087163 Suctioning first. Suction sample of gastropods , tubeworms and polynoids.
4 1 1546 294 421407 5087160 Suctioning for all that lives here.
4 6 1546 286 421414 5087165 Something is stuck in the suction tube.
4 16 1546 284 421410 5087161 finished sucking at one spot and now moving to suck from a slightly different spot. ROPOS did not move however. Filling the bottle with diffuse warm fluid for a minute. SS-j4_dfl

_R502-7

4 19 1547 282 421412 5087162 Finished sampling.
4 24 1546 300 421410 5087158 Traps at Gollum R502-13
4 24 1546 296 421407 5087153 Putting the MTR probe that was deployed at R471(1998) into the purse (thanks to Mike Perfit who invented the Perfpurse!). MTR_dfl

_R502-8

4 30 1546 287 421417 5087150 Moving sub N-NW to Marshmallow. Low relief vent with fairly focused flow next to a small chimney. Next to a pile of jumbled sheets.
4 36 1547 38 421404 5087174 Waiting to adjust elbow control.
4 36 1547 40 421404 5087174 Marshmallow vent R502-14
4 38 1547 39 421403 5087175 Knocked over the small chimney to stick temp probe in. T's shot up into the 60-70s. Sampling hot water using the fluid sampler. Piston 24. max T 74.3C HFS-24_dfl

_R502-9

4 43 1547 40 421412 5087179 Sampling filter 21 now. HFS-21_dfl _R502-10
4 54 1547 39 421418 5087175 Max temp on sample was 74.4C. Finished sample R502-10.
4 55 1547 38 421413 5087180 Sample filter 12 for DNA. HFS-12_dfl _R502-11
4 57 1547 38 421417 5087175 Photo 7
5 2 1547 39 421416 5087175 Sample 12 is done - 1 liter pumped - 75.8 max temp. HFS-9_dfl

_R502-12

5 6 1547 38 421397 5087183 Correction: Started, rather than finishing pumping for sample 12.
5 8 1547 40 421414 5087176 last sample was stopped starting HFS 04 now R502-13
5 9 1547 42 421415 5087175 starting pumping HFS04-dfl-R502-13 HFS-4_dfl

_R502-13

5 13 1547 40 421415 5087175 Sampling at Marshmallow R502-15
5 13 1547 41 421413 5087178 Sample finished. Max temp 71.8. Now taking filter #1
5 14 1547 38 421413 5087178 Started filter 1. HFS-1_dfl

_R502-14

5 16 1547 42 421412 5087175 Temp up to 80.7 while taking this sample on filter #1.
5 20 1547 41 421413 5087175 Close-up of Marshmallow vent R502-16
5 21 1547 37 421414 5087174 finished sampling max temp 80.1.
5 22 1547 38 421414 5087175 Temp up to 151 C as the probe is moved deeper into the flow. Moving to Mkr-I which is next to this vent.
5 26 1547 33 421407 5087173 going to sample at Mkr-I for fauna and water. Mostly jumbled and folded sheet flows surround the site. Turn Jean's video on.
5 28 1547 320 421402 5087175 Suction sampler J3 will be used for sucking up these poor defenseless animals.
5 33 1547 317 421411 5087175 Suction sample from Mkr-I R502-17
5 32 1547 318 421408 5087179 Starting to suck. Can se a little diffuse flow. At Mkr-I. Running T recording program. Sucking a group of tubes and snails. SS-j3_dfl

_R502-15

5 41 1547 322 421404 5087175 Stopping suctioning.
5 42 1547 334 421409 5087175 Mkr-I R502-18
5 43 1546 336 421412 5087174 Mkr-I in view R502-19
5 43 1546 21 421412 5087174 Leaving Mkr-I and heading to virgin mound to pick up hobo and sample water.
5 45 1547 68 421425 5087169 Virgin with Hobo R502-20
5 45 1546 68 421425 5087169 There are now some animals on the base of the chimney at Virgin mound. appear to be palm worms. Chimney is now 50 cm tall and 10cm wide. Knocking over the anhydrite chimney. Lots of clear to gray smoky water emanating from the orifice
5 49 1547 64 421423 5087177 open vent in Virgin mound chimney R502-22
5 49 1547 60 421423 5087177 another shot of sampler R502-23
5 52 1547 62 421421 5087171 130 degree spot. se HOBO in background R502-24
5 58 1547 61 421430 5087171 Flushing line #8, T is over 30 C. Probe is stuck right down into the hole with most concentrated venting. Stb. gastight will be taken next. 306.4 max T. Gtb-7_hfl_

R502-16

6 1 1547 63 421425 5087179 Next is bag 18 with the filter. Taking T1 309.8 T2 is 140 C. HFS-18_hfl _R502-17
6 7 1548 63 421432 5087171 Finished sampling bag 18 with a filter started at 6:02 max T 309.9 C.
6 9 1547 66 421429 5087172 Picking up the Hobo here and taking it to Inferno.
6 10 1548 50 421430 5087170 Highest T's ever measured at Virgin Mound. Grabbing Hobo. it seems to be stuck in mound.
6 13 1547 51 421429 5087172 Leaving virgin mound, photos of transect heading 248. Photos 83-85
6 14 1544 245 421423 5087172 Traversing to Inferno, taking some photos. At Mushroom vent, looks fairly similar to last year. Beehives on top. Little bubbles too Photos 86-87
6 16 1546 297 421408 5087173 Top of Mushroom, bubbles! R502-25
6 17 1546 0 421397 5087164 Mushroom top R502-26
6 18 1546 153 421390 5087167 Mushroom R502-27
6 18 1546 153 421390 5087167 side shot of Mushroom. R502-28
6 18 1546 176 421397 5087165 R502-29
6 18 1546 181 421397 5087165 R502-30
6 18 1546 178 421397 5087165 Top of Mushroom vent R502-31
6 21 1544 246 421384 5087164 Hobo on top of Inferno R502-32
6 21 1544 246 421384 5087164 Inferno vent R502-33
6 21 1544 9 421391 5087162 R502-35
6 21 1544 2 421391 5087162 Inferno Vent with high temp probe R502-34
6 21 1544 23 421391 5087162 At Inferno vent. photos of top with Hobo. Many dead worms at base of chimney. Can't see any shimmering water at base. Photo of base is Photo 90 photos 88-90
6 23 1548 114 421177 5086842 Mkr-7 in view. Lavas are folded sheets. Moving over to area of concentrated microbial mat.
6 24 1546 354 421991 5086680 Vent is much less active with less life than seen previously.
6 25 1544 314 422154 5089405 We lost communication.
6 26 1543 276 422154 5089405 R502-36
6 27 1543 194 421393 5087160 Inferno vent R502-38
6 27 1543 192 421393 5087160 Flow out of top of Inferno. Seems slower than last year. R502-37
6 28 1544 181 421392 5087162 Communication is back now. Going to sample.
6 30 1544 198 421387 5087162 Inferno with HT probe R502-39
6 30 1544 198 421396 5087153 Hobo spot in vent orifice with chalcopyrite lining. R502-40
6 31 1544 192 421390 5087158 Lost communication with sub again.
6 31 1543 199 422156 5089404 Inferno before excavation R502-41
6 33 1544 174 421388 5087167 Knocked of top behive chimney at top of Inferno - the one next to the Hobo probe.
6 36 1544 244 421394 5087158 Vigorous venting at Inferno R502-43
6 38 1544 222 421389 5087160 Venting with worms of a different color R502-44
6 38 1544 227 421389 5087160 Looking at top of Inferno- Jet of clear-ish water blasting out where top spire was knocked of. Sulfide worms with Orange stalks-Strange? R502-45
6 44 1544 229 421387 5087162 Unusual yellow colored tube worms (casings) on top of chimney.
6 45 1544 226 421389 5087159 sampling Inferno R502-46
6 46 1544 228 421389 5087159 Temps over 30 C! broke previous record.
6 47 1544 225 421390 5087160 Going to start with bag #14 with filter.
6 52 1544 234 421381 5087164 Still probing Inferno for a good temperature.
6 54 1544 233 421386 5087162 We're locking in here to sample. Bag #18 starts 6:5 HFS-14_hfl _R502-18
6 58 1544 233 422228 5089424 crap! that was bag 14 , stops at 6:59
6 59 1544 235 421387 5087160 HFS 16 HFS-16_hfl _R502-19
7 2 1544 234 421386 5087160 finish bag 16 at 7:05
7 3 1544 235 421387 5087161 Preparing to do gas tight port at Inferno Gtb-2_hfl

_R502-20

7 7 1544 234 421382 5087162 Flushing the bottle
7 8 1544 233 421380 5087159 Just fired the port gas tight
7 8 1544 236 421388 5087160 Preparing to filter HFS-2_hfl

_R502-21

7 10 1545 232 421387 5087161 Starting to filter at 07:10
7 12 1544 233 422360 5089449 Stopped filtering (476 ml). T max 289.6
7 16 1544 238 421390 5087164 We're going to try to measure the temperature on a different orifice at Inferno.
7 19 1545 238 423673 5087079 Probing temp at another orifice at Inferno. R50247
7 20 1544 238 421386 5087165 Trying to get the HOBO out. Temp at the other orifice came to around 82.5, but we couldn't get into it completely.
7 25 1544 245 421377 5087166 Retrieving hobo from Inferno R50248
7 34 1544 245 421388 5087161 HOBO_hfl

_R502-22

7 35 1544 242 421387 5087163 HOBO 137 from Alvin dive 3246 (1998)
7 36 1544 3 421390 5087162 Photo 91, 92
7 40 1548 48 421381 5087160 Heading for Crack Vent next. Moving ship 20 m south.
7 42 1547 51 421392 5087162 Bacteria traps at Mushroom R502-49
7 42 1547 51 421392 5087162 Checking out the base of Mushroom for bubbles.
7 44 1548 66 421391 5087168 Mushroom which used to be the bubbler near traps R502-50
7 46 1546 148 422182 5089407 Lots of active venting around here. Photo 93
7 47 1547 142 421397 5087158 Photo 94
7 48 1547 145 421400 5087152 Photo 95
7 48 1547 146 421409 5087149 Flat sheet flow.
7 49 1546 144 422525 5089440 Photo 96
7 49 1546 147 422525 5089440 Bio column cemented down R502-51
7 50 1546 144 422508 5089428 Checking the Column.
7 50 1546 147 423961 5088321 Close view of bio column R502-52
7 51 1546 149 423963 5088320 Column is probably clogged up & no longer flowing.
7 52 1547 75 423378 5089196 Sampling site R502-53
7 52 1546 54 423378 5089196 Three vents with anhydrite around them.
7 53 1547 13 422866 5087564 Close view of fluid sampling site R502-54
7 53 1547 18 422866 5087564 At Crack Vent - piston 20 some time in the near future.
7 59 1547 15 429103 5086486 Temperature probe at Crack R502-60
8 1 1547 14 423098 5089355 piston 20 HFS-20_hfl _R502-23
8 10 1547 46 423112 5089342 after a few minutes of Ian being a bit shy about it, 75 deg water is being pumped R502-61
8 16 1547 46 421424 5087126 all done (piston 20)
8 17 1547 43 421424 5087126 filter 10 at crack HFS-10_hfl _R502-24
8 23 1547 47 421421 5087129 end of filter, time to drive it to Hell Vent
8 26 1547 5 421421 5087136 photo 98
8 26 1546 281 421421 5087136 photo 9
8 27 1546 239 422235 5087601 photo 10
8 28 1547 274 421658 5086451 photo 101
8 29 1547 249 420468 5085570 photo 102
8 30 1548 240 420468 5085570 photo 103
8 40 1543 11 423295 5089302 Niskin sampling going on.
8 42 1544 309 423160 5089361 154 m. Niskin done. Niskin_hfl

_R502-25

8 46 1546 234 422215 5088313 Mkr-L sighted.
8 46 1545 243 422215 5088313 Arrived at Porkchop. Planing to park near the chimneys.
8 47 1544 244 421894 5087527 Hell vent R502-64
9 4 1544 231 423876 5088262 Starting filter 3. HFS-3_hfl

_R502-26

9 6 1544 229 423704 5087335 Stopped filter 3 at 30 ml. Max T 294.7
9 7 1544 231 423704 5087335 Sample #17 starting now.
9 7 1544 230 423704 5087335 Bag #17 is an unfiltered bag. HFS-17_hfl _R502-27
9 9 1544 230 423704 5087335 Hell Vent finally R502-66
9 11 1544 229 423704 5087335 575 ml. T max 294. #19 starting now. HFS-19_hfl _R502-28
9 12 1544 230 423704 5087335 Fluid sampling at Hell vent R502-67
9 15 1544 230 421515 5087175 T max 293.1 - 574 ml - #19 over - Starting sample #29. HFS-23_hfl _R502-29
9 17 1544 229 423325 5089114 156 ml - T max 291.9 - sample #29 done.
9 20 1543 222 421536 5087144 Photo 105 & 106
9 21 1543 217 421536 5087144 Photo 107
9 23 1543 230 421536 5087144 Another view of Hell vent R502-68
9 24 1544 135 421536 5087144 A few small spires at Hell vent R502-69
9 26 1544 53 421536 5087144 Photo 108
9 26 1544 41 421536 5087144 Photo 108
9 29 1546 91 423588 5085086 We may have arrived at Porkchop. R502-70
9 31 1544 312 421534 5087147 Trying to locate Porkchop.
9 32 1547 332 421534 5087147 Here we are. Porkchop R502-71
9 31 1547 332 421534 5087147 If it's this one, it has grown a small spire since last summer. Shifting to the left of spire where the worms are for next sample.
9 34 1547 339 421505 5087183 Zooming in to compare on video the different worms.
9 34 1547 338 421505 5087183 Close-up of worms at Porkchop R502-72
9 38 1547 341 421539 5087146 Close-up of the palm worms at Porkchop R502-73
9 40 1547 341 421539 5087146 Copepods present with sulfide worms - tiny red dots jumping around. They could be feeding or mating.
9 43 1547 338 421539 5087146 Scale worms (L. piscesae & Branchiate polynoids) & tube worms present in same area as above.
9 55 1547 344 424723 5081524 Suction sampling in jar 1 for Kim - trying to get the Copepods. SS-j1-bio_

R502-30

10 5 1546 341 419478 5080949 Suction sample of worms at Porkchop R502-75
10 12 1546 342 421537 5087149 Still sampling at the same spot to get more of the stuff.
10 16 1546 340 421532 5087153 Sampling into jar 1 finished. Dumping contents of vacuum hose into flush jar 4. Moving now to Phoenix.
10 21 1547 116 421857 5084991 We have arrived at Phoenix. R502-76
10 22 1547 165 421513 5087149 At Hillock/Phoenix.
10 23 1547 166 421525 5087134 Baby tube worms at Hillock/Phoenix R502-77
10 23 1547 166 421525 5087134 Baby tube worms - don't look too healthy.
10 24 1547 162 421527 5087132 Palm worms at Hillock/Phoenix R502-80
10 26 1547 168 423597 5085075 Just look - don't touch !
10 27 1547 166 423597 5085075 Still observing the worms in their natural habitat at Phoenix R502-82
10 29 1547 168 423597 5085075 Some sea spiders at Phoenix R50283
10 29 1547 165 423597 5085075 Pycnogonids (sea spiders) present here - they move in as other stuff dies.
10 35 1547 165 427960 5083553 Sampling palm worms as well as sulfide worms together for Christian in jar 2. This sampling is being done just left (east) of the sanctuary. SS-j2-bio

_R502-31

10 39 1546 157 425000 5080661 Sorry the rope is in the way. we are suctioning sulfide worms at Phoenix R502-87
10 44 1546 156 421288 5081147 Suctioning tube worms at Phoenix R502-88
10 50 1546 154 421288 5081147 End of sample. Heading to Medusa.
10 55 1546 21 421503 5087164 Suction sampling of anemones at Medusa? R502-89
10 56 1546 20 421503 5087164 Attempting to collect an anemone. squished one. Knocked three of but they were attached to rocks. Got one at 1:02, got the second one. Squished one, Got 3 and a rock. SS-4_bio

_R502-32

11 8 1546 12 421500 5087164 anemone gulch. photo 109
11 11 1545 67 421413 5087149 Attempting to dig some clams in a crack close to Medusa. Got some.
11 15 1545 71 424787 5081518 Getting a few more clams 1:15
11 18 1545 66 425110 5080695 ROPOS is moving around still trying to find more clams. Last stop. Some shimmering water. So moving to another location. Now in a depression with black sediment. Attempting to suck clams. Giving up. Heading to oxide sampling.
11 29 1545 177 425177 5080692 Fe sample area R502-90
11 25 1545 289 422113 5080131 Positioning suction sampler to bottle 1. Looking for oxides. No nav available. Heading south. lots of dead clams. Broken sheet flows. Small FeO. Now a large field of FeO (15M south). Will sample.
11 31 1545 176 421482 5087178 FeO field photo 10
11 33 1545 178 421502 5087144 Sampling FeOxide R502-91
11 31 1545 176 421201 5088131 FeO at a large field. Look like 30cm height 8cm in diameter termite hills. Sucking slowly. Did not see venting. So don't appear to be growing. Sampled three termite hills, hard on outside soft on inside. No fix yet. Sample finished. SS-1_FeO

_R502-33

11 44 1545 176 421437 5087142 FeOxide sample site R502-92
11 44 1545 178 421437 5087142 FeO termite hills. 30-40cm high photo 1
11 44 1544 164 421502 5087150 FeO photo 12
11 45 1543 168 421475 5087153 Couple of meters wide and NS
11 45 1543 163 421484 5087151 Long distance view FeO photo 13
11 45 1542 168 421447 5087228 Coming of the bottom to get a fix.
11 47 1539 169 421459 5087146 No good fixes for sub. Getting cage fixes.
11 48 1538 167 421486 5087154 Still no fixes. Should be 15m straight S of Medusa. Heading S to se how far it goes. Back to near where we sampled.
11 50 1543 184 421489 5087140 large piece of FeO photo 14
11 51 1545 169 421468 5087166 gray-white material, perhaps Barite. photo 15
11 51 1545 169 421492 5087118 FeOxide sample area, and possible barite deposits R502-93
11 52 1545 172 421491 5087115 little sulfide chimney R502-94
11 52 1545 171 421491 5087115 Sulfide chimneys.
11 52 1545 175 421448 5087218 Sulfide chimney R502-95
11 54 1545 173 421451 5087217 Repositioning SS to bottle 4 to attempt to suck up the gray-white material.
11 56 1545 171 421454 5087088 possible Barite rock sample broken and suctioned. still no fixes. SS-4_sf

_R502-34

12 1 1545 173 421493 5087135 Repositioning SS to bottle 2. About to move along the FeO field to the end of it. Heading South.
12 2 1544 179 421505 5087133 FeO photo 18
12 2 1544 183 421479 5087134 FeO photo 17
12 3 1544 176 421399 5087140 FeO some clams. photo 18
12 3 1544 183 421399 5087140 Fe oxide area R502-96
12 3 1544 180 421508 5087135 Coming to edge Photo 19
12 4 1543 178 421463 5087137 Out of the FeO. photo 120
12 4 1543 177 421456 5087141 Outlier FeO Photo 121
12 4 1543 171 421488 5087137 Turning to N to look for a landmark.
12 5 1544 357 421488 5087137 FeO spires. photo 12
12 6 1544 357 421458 5087216 FeO photo 123
12 6 1544 358 421458 5087216 Fe oxide spires R50297
12 6 1544 357 421458 5087216 sheet flow surface scattered with FeO photo 124
12 7 1544 355 421458 5087216 the crack. 10-15 m south of crack photo 124
12 8 1544 0 421499 5087097 The Cowen column is the landmark. 10-15 s of that is the FeO field.
12 9 1544 185 421499 5087097 start of FeO photo 126
12 9 1544 184 421499 5087097 Rt turn to the west from the middle of the field. Towards the wall.
12 10 1544 270 421499 5087097 west side FeOxide area R502-98
12 10 1544 258 421499 5087097 Western side of FeO field. photo 127
12 11 1545 259 421499 5087097 Looking at a broken piece to se if it is a sulfide spire.
12 12 1545 260 421457 5087225 FeOxide chimney R502-99
12 13 1545 259 421494 5087119 Looks like oxidizing sulfides.
12 14 1545 260 421494 5087119 Sulfide rusting away. photo 128
12 15 1545 266 421464 5087219 Holothorian with red inside?
12 15 1544 267 421453 5087217 Fractures with FeO photo 129
12 16 1544 271 421453 5087217 Broken sheet flow , w/ talus out of FeO. Lasted 10 meters - 10m E-W, last 5m was just scattered mounds. Close to West wall. Talus,
12 17 1543 267 418319 5088512 More FeO photo 130
12 18 1543 272 418319 5088512 crossing fractures. photo 131
12 18 1543 270 421498 5087159 We were not close to the wall before. Heading back to the cage then move over to wall.
12 20 1537 34 416485 5086953 Steve's tape is stopped.
12 28 1479 295 421543 5087138 Back at the cage. Will move the ship near to the west wall of the caldera.
12 32 1489 271 421543 5087138 Going back down to the bottom.
12 36 1542 271 421464 5087140 Back on bottom near the west wall. Sponges on the wall. Rough terrain. Video on.
12 37 1543 271 421464 5087140 FeO along w/ sponges. patches of iron oxyhydroxide. Looking for diffuse venting.
12 38 1543 272 421464 5087140
 12 38 1543 275 421464 5087140 Sponge density is 50/m2. Lots of talus, blocks of lava, very broken up.
12 39 1544 272 421177 5088160 Iron oxyhydroxide in the cracks. Another pressure ridge. Still have lots of sponges. Wall on sonar. Need to move the ship 50meters west.
12 44 1544 265 421485 5087143 Moving to west looking for venting. Broken lava, w/ high density of sponges. Basket star. Scattered iron oxides.
12 46 1543 266 421479 5087141 Clams, tube worms.
12 48 1545 276 421455 5087141 Moving west along the crack, lots of dead clams. No tube worms. Iron oxide al along the crack in the sheet flow.
12 52 1544 103 421436 5087148 Continue to the west to find a venting area.
12 54 1543 266 421431 5087145 Tube worms.
12 56 1544 247 421448 5087155 Tube worms among iron oxide covered pillows. photo 13
12 57 1545 297 422119 5085795 Continue west in search of iron oxide and venting.
12 58 1545 260 422119 5085795 Move the ship 30 meters to the west.
12 59 1545 269 422119 5085795 Moving west.
13 0 1544 270 416576 5087463 Lobate lavas, w/ small sponges? at the wall, big blocks of lava.
13 1 1543 270 416576 5087463 Coarse sediment siting on the wall. Moving up.
13 2 1540 266 421443 5087147 Red oxide sediments. Looking for venting. Oxidizing sulfides.
13 3 1537 268 421443 5087147 No evidence of venting.
13 4 1532 265 421443 5087147 Moving back N, and deeper.
13 5 1537 264 421398 5087140 Backing away from the wall. Will lateral north. Oxides. Wind is picking up. Looks like a good site. Oxides and venting a very little bit.
13 7 1543 312 427478 5084592 FeO sampling site R502-100
13 7 1543 312 427478 5084592 Can't get photos, battery is dead. Venting. Oxides al around.
13 9 1543 304 423656 5087061 Positioning the arm to get a fluid sample.
13 14 1543 302 423898 5091215 temp 5 to 6 deg C.
13 15 1543 300 428622 5086878 5 to 6 degree C, bag w/ filter. max T 6.2 C HFS-11_dfl _R502-35
13 19 1543 300 428576 5086813 stopped sample 6.2 C vol 601 ml.
13 23 1543 297 428039 5085391 Suction sample for oxide and bacteria. This is around the site that we took the fluid sample. SS-2_FeO

_R502-36

13 33 1543 300 416511 5087307 Sampling complete for bottle 2.
13 34 1543 295 416511 5087307 Flushing the line into bottle 2.
13 35 1543 298 416511 5087307 Some of the same sample for 2 contaminated 3 when the bottle 3 was put into position. SS-3_FeO

_R502-37

13 38 1543 109 416498 5087247 Tube worms at the base of the wall
13 38 1543 65 416498 5087247 field of senescent tube worms, near west wall R502-102
13 39 1526 128 416498 5087247 Moving back to the cage.
13 42 1491 30 421393 5087135 Back at cage. Moving straight to Hell. Steve's tape is off.
13 53 1499 50 421381 5087136 Arrived at Hell. Leaving cage, heading to the bottom.
13 55 1541 95 421381 5087136 Bottom in sight, fixes no good.
13 59 1543 281 421502 5087136 fix puts us south of Hell.
14 7 1542 296 421415 5087090 Arrived at Hell vent. Collecting hobo sampler.
14 11 1542 275 421366 5087139 Hobo collected, will ride in the arm until we get to inferno. HOBO_R502-38
14 12 1542 26 421366 5087142 Heading to inferno.
14 13 1542 39 421364 5087146 Arrived at Inferno vent.
14 14 1545 21 421364 5087146 Opening purse, attempting to drop hobo from Hell into purse. Giving up on up on putting hobo in purse. Going to hold it in the 5 function arm to the surface.
14 24 1545 24 421392 5087165 Putting the hobo on the bottom in order to get a new grip near the top.
14 26 1544 13 421391 5087163 ROPOS is leaving the bottom, heading back to cage. Dive is over. Will come to the surface. Dive ended due to weather
15 17 1 207 421417 5087133 Ropos on deck
       Dive Summary: ASHES Vent Field dive - Deployed HOBO at Hell, retrieved MTR at Gollum, collected 38 samples (HFS, suction, gtb, niskin).



    Dive R503
      Dive Plan: ASHES Vent Field - 1) Recover 2 high temp. recorders and 2 Vemco low temp recorders. 2) Deploy Osmosampler/HOBO package at Hell. 3) Recover 8-10 bacteria traps. 4) Suction sample bacterial mat at trap locations.
      Dive Configuration: Suction Sampler, BioBox with 4 microbial trap arrays & 2 high temperature HOBOs. NO still camera.
      Note: Nav fixes not edited in the logs. All fixes were logged, regardless of accuracy. Use the dive plots to determine actual positions.
  UTC Hour Min Depth (m) Sub Hdng (deg) UTM X UTM Y Comments Frmgrbs, Photos, Samples
20 15 20 111 421417 5087133 20:15. ROPOS in water. Wind N at ~2 kt, seas 2 m.
21 37 1544 254 421333 5087131 ROPOS on bottom.
21 38 1544 80 421330 5087119 good fix. Looking for Hell Vent.
21 39 1544 74 421350 5087128 At Hell Vent to deploy osmosampler.
21 50 1544 237 421371 5087144 getting ready to plant osmo at Hell Vent R503-2
22 1 1542 72 421358 5087126 Tried to put osmosampler into vent from which we recovered HOBO on Dive 502 but no go.
22 14 1544 28 421364 5087133 Released osmosampler's probe at active vent near top of Hell Vent. Now needs to be positioned.
22 25 1544 108 421363 5087133 a little landscaping at Hell Vent. R503-3
22 26 1544 108 421362 5087133 . i.e. knocked over a chimney to expose gaping hole to place osmo R503-4
22 26 1544 110 421362 5087133 Highlights on for deploying osmosampler and HOBO at Hell Vent.
22 34 1542 87 421368 5087138 CANNOT deploy osmo at Hell. Will try next at Inferno.
22 40 1542 115 421384 5087168 transit to Inferno where a gaping hole was created last night
22 44 1543 79 421380 5087164 Osmo sampler melted by vent fluid so sampler cannot work. Decision to bring it back to surface for repair and put it down on the next dive, if there is one.
22 49 1547 80 421388 5087143 Appears to be a problem with the elbow of the 7 function arm.
23 12 1546 76 421379 5087158 P code GPS was out for 15 min but now back. 7 function arm is sick but useable. Will put Hobo's at top of Inferno and Virgin.
23 16 1546 76 421378 5087161 HOBO #128 (green tape) to be deployed at Inferno.
23 19 1546 79 421374 5087160 Inferno R503-6
23 19 1546 76 421382 5087160 and associated junk pile R503-7
23 23 1543 98 421384 5087163 hobo temperature probe almost deployed at the top of Inferno R503-8
23 24 1543 97 421385 5087161 . heading ~96 R503-9
23 37 1543 55 420310 5084850 hobo probe might be in there (oh) R503-10
23 37 1543 55 420310 5084850 HOBO 128 deployed in small vent with well focused flow on top of Inferno.
23 39 1544 346 421398 5087161 side view of hobo R503-11
23 41 1544 78 421388 5087168 Looking for site to take a gas tight bottle on top of Inferno.
23 42 1540 196 421399 5087162 Cannot do GTB at Inferno without risking dislodging the HOBO.
23 49 1543 298 421406 5087163 Weather warning from bridge. Will do highest priority jobs first - HOBO, bacterial traps.
23 52 1543 69 421408 5087201 We arrive at Virgin. No chimney here now because it was knocked over on
23 58 1546 48 421440 5087172 HOBO #130 to be deployed at Virgin Mound.
0 2 1546 27 421439 5087172 hobo probe at Virgin Mound, heading 27. Recovered HOBO at Virgin. HOBO_R503-3 R503-13
0 10 1546 66 421438 5087176 HOBO probe in place at Virgin R503-14
0 3 1546 30 421439 5087174 HOBO #130 deployed at Virgin Mound. It is lying across the most active of three fluid jets. Now going to Gollum Vent.
0 12 1545 210 421433 5087159 We arrive at Gollum and are greeted by a covey of bacterial traps.
0 15 1545 198 423630 5087101 Three bacterial traps (tied together) have been deposited inthe BioBox. Bactrps_R503-1
0 17 1545 193 423615 5087083 Three more traps, covered with snails being moved to the BioBox. R503-15
0 18 1545 197 423615 5087083
 0 18 1545 195 423615 5087083 Second group of traps in the BioBox. R503-16
0 19 1545 196 423614 5087082 We have opened the BioBox to grab a set of three bacterial traps for deployment at Gollum.
0 24 1545 163 421436 5087158 Bacterial trap #45 has been deployed at Gollum in an area of shimmering flow wider than the traps themselves.
0 27 1545 186 421430 5087165 Frame grab of newly deployed traps at Gollum (#45). R503-17
0 27 1545 188 421430 5087165 Microbe trap deployment at Gollum. One trap only. R503-18
0 28 1543 311 421431 5087159 Now heading towards Inferno.
0 29 1544 55 421431 5087159 Hobo probes seen at Inferno.
0 32 1546 71 421397 5087160 One Hobo probe with 2 markers? in the right claw. HOBO_503-2
0 34 1525 260 421397 5087160 Time 0:34:37 dive is ended due to weather concerns. There is a HOBO from Inferno in the right claw and an osmosampler with a #2 on it in the left claw.
       Dive Summary: 1) OsmoSampler melted at Inferno 2) HOBO 128 deployed on top of Inferno 3) HOBO 130 deployed at Virgin mound 4) Two bacterial traps recovered and one (#45) deployed at Gollum 5)